Determination Of The Effect Of Body Mass Index On Food Choice Motivations On Female Consumers

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 310 - 324, 30.12.2019

Mehmet Fisunoğlu , Ferhan Kesik

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.558196

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this
study was to determine the underlying motivations of food choices in normal weight
and overweight/ obese women.

Materials and Methods: The
study was conducted on 18-65 years old 100 volunteer women who were employed by
Gaziantep University. Volunteer individuals were divided into two groups
according to their body mass index (BMI) as normal weight or overweight/obese. Then
a study questionnaire which included sociodemographic characteristics,
nutritional status, physical activity status of the individuals was carried
out. 3-days food and 24-hours physical activity history was recorded as well as
height-weight measurements. Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ), to which validity
and reliability had confirmed, was used to determine the motivations for food
choices.

Results: Natural content,
sensory appeal and health are the important motivational food choice factors
for all participants. Price was the least important factor in food choice. When
we analyzed into groups, sensory appeal, natural content and health were the
most important motivational factors for normal weight women whereas natural
content, sensory appeal and health were the most important factors for
overweight/obese women. Natural content, weight control, health and ethical
concern scores were significantly higher in overweight/ obese women than normal
weight women(P<0,05). There were also statistically significant differences
in diets and physical activity status of groups (P<0,05).

Conclusion: Food choice is a multifactorial and complex process
and according to our results, FCQ subgroups’ such as natural content, health,
weight control and ethics are influenced by BMI.

Keywords

Food choice, body mass index, food choice questionnaire (FCQ)

Kadın Tüketicilerin Beden Kütle İndekslerinin Besin Seçim Motivasyonları Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal kilolu ve hafif şişman/obez kadınlarda besin
seçimlerinin altında yatan motivasyonları belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem:
Çalışma Gaziantep Üniversitesi tarafından istihdam edilen 18-65 yaş arası 100
gönüllü kadın üzerinde yapılmıştır. Gönüllü bireyler beden kütle indekslerine
(BKİ) göre normal kilolu veya hafif şişman/obez olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır.
Daha sonra bireylerin sosyodemografik özellikleri, beslenme durumlarını,
fiziksel aktivite durumlarını sorgulayan bir çalışma anketi uygulanmıştır. Üç
günlük besin tüketim kaydı ve 24 saatlik fiziksel aktivite öyküsü ile birlikte
vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu ölçümleri kaydedilmiştir. Besin
seçimi motivasyonlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla, daha önce geçerlilik ve
güvenirliliği yapılmış olan Besin Seçimi Anketi (BSA) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Tüm bireyler için besin
seçimini etkileyen en önemli üç faktör sırasıyla doğal içerik, duyusal
çekicilik ve sağlık olarak bulunmuştur. Besin seçimini etkileyen faktörler
arasında en az öneme sahip olan belirleyicinin ise fiyat faktörü olduğu
gözlenmiştir. Gruplara göre (BKİ<25 ve BKİ≥25) analiz edildiğinde, normal
ağırlıktaki bireylerde besin seçimini etkileyen en önemli üç etken sırasıyla
duyusal çekicilik, doğal içerik ve sağlık iken, hafif şişman/obez bireylerde
ise doğal içerik, duyusal çekicilik ve sağlık olarak bulunmuştur. Hafif şişman/obez
bireylerde doğal içerik, ağırlık kontrolü, sağlık ve etik kaygı puanları normal
BKİ’ye sahip bireylere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ayrıca
gruplar arasında fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve bazı besin ögeleri bakımından
da anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur (p<0,05).

Sonuç:
Besin seçimi çok yönlü ve karmaşık bir süreçtir ve sonuçlarımıza göre, BSA’nın
doğal içerik, sağlık, ağırlık kontrolü ve etik gibi alt grupları BKİ’den
etkilenmektedir.

Keywords

Besin seçimi, Beden kütle indeksi, Besin seçimi anketi (BSA)

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