Factors Affecting Treatment Outcomes for Tuberculosis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten leading causes of death globally. The present study aims to examine the treatment outcomes in TB patients and to determine the factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective registry-based cohort study conducted in Ordu pro-vince of Turkey between 2017-2021. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors asso-ciated with unsuccessful outcomes. Results: A total of 400 TB patients were included in the analysis. The observed overall treatment success rate (TSR) (cured or treatment completed) was 87.7% (351). 49 patients (12.3%) had unsuccessful treatment results (death, failure or loss to follow-up). Age>65 years (odds ratio [OR] =12.2, 95% confidence intervals [CI] =4.03-36.85), male gender (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.05-4.45) and being foreign-born (OR = 9.2, 95% CI = 1.16-73.72) were identified as risk factors associated with unsuccessful outcomes in patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Age>65 years, male gender and foreign-born patients tend to have unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Careful monitoring of patients with any of these characteristics and taking special precautions for them may help to decrease unsuccessful treatment outcomes.

Keywords

• tuberculosis
• risk factor
• treatment success rate

Tüberküloz Hastalarında Tedavi Sonuçlarını Etkileyen Faktörler: Retrospektif Bir Kohort Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç: Tüberküloz dünya çapında önde gelen on ölüm nedeninden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı TB has-talarında tedavi sonuçlarını incelemek ve tedavi başarısızlığı ile ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma, 2017-2021 yılları arasında Türkiye'nin Ordu ilinde gerçekleştirilen, retro-spektif, kayıt tabanlı bir kohort çalışmasıdır. Başarısız sonuçlarla ilişkili risk faktörlerini araştırmak için lojistik regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Analize toplam 400 TB hastası dahil edildi. Gözlemlenen genel tedavi başarı oranı (TSR) (tedavi edilen veya tedavi tamamlanan) %87,7'dir (351). Hastaların 49’ unda (%12,3) başarısız tedavi sonucu elde edildi (ölüm, başarısızlık veya takip kaybı). Yaş>65 (olasılık oranı [OR] =12,2, %95 güven aralığı [CI] =4,03-36,85), erkek cinsiyet (OR = 2,2, %95 CI = 1,05-4,45) ve yabancı uyruklu olmak (OR = 9,2, %95 CI = 1,16-73,72) başarısız sonuçlarla ilişkili risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Yaş>65, erkek cinsiyet ve yabancı uyruklu hastalar başarısız tedavi sonuçlarına sahip olma eğilimin-dedir. Bu özelliklerden herhangi birine sahip olan hastaların dikkatle izlenmesi ve özel önlemler alınması, başarısız tedavi sonuçlarının azaltılmasına yardımcı olabilir.

Keywords

• tüberküloz
• risk faktörü
• tedavi başarı oranı

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