Research Article

Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases

Volume: 22 Number: 2 June 27, 2025
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Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate pleural fluid gas parameters in patients with different underl-ying pulmonary diseases to assess their diagnostic implications. Materials and Methods: This study conducted at Akdeniz University Pulmonology Department and Har-ran University Pulmonology Department. The retrospective study included 118 patients with pleural effusion confirmed via imaging between January 2018 and December 2024. Pleural fluid samples collec-ted by thoracentesis underwent gas analysis (pO₂, pCO₂, pH, HCO₃) and standard biochemical and cytolo-gical evaluations. Comparative analysis of gas characteristics was performed across diagnostic categories with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. Results: In this study, 87 of 118 patients underwent arterial blood gas analysis, with a mean age of 66.4±14.2 years and 72.4% being male. Acidic, normal, and alkaline pleural fluid pH values were obser-ved in 25.3%, 26.4%, and 48.3% of patients, respectively. Most effusions were exudative (83.9%), and unilateral (81.6%), with malignancy (29.9%), pneumonia (35.6%), and heart failure (16.1%) being the leading causes. Among pneumonia cases, 45.1% had complicated effusions or empyema. Transudative effusions were associated with older age, higher pH, and lower LDH, pCO₂, and protein levels (p<0.05). Compared to other causes, pneumonia-related effusions were more likely to be exudative, occur in males, and have higher protein levels. Malignant effusions showed significantly higher HCO₃ and protein levels (p<0.05). Conclusions: Pleural fluid gas analysis may offer valuable diagnostic insights, particularly in differentia-ting infectious from non-infectious effusions.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Respiratory Diseases, Chest Diseases

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

June 20, 2025

Publication Date

June 27, 2025

Submission Date

March 17, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 10, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 22 Number: 2

APA
Kırhan, İ., Çalış, A. G., Üzer, F., Karaçadır, B., & Turan, H. (2025). Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 351-356. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1659543
AMA
1.Kırhan İ, Çalış AG, Üzer F, Karaçadır B, Turan H. Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22(2):351-356. doi:10.35440/hutfd.1659543
Chicago
Kırhan, İdris, Aliye Gamze Çalış, Fatih Üzer, Bedia Karaçadır, and Hamdiye Turan. 2025. “Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22 (2): 351-56. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1659543.
EndNote
Kırhan İ, Çalış AG, Üzer F, Karaçadır B, Turan H (June 1, 2025) Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22 2 351–356.
IEEE
[1]İ. Kırhan, A. G. Çalış, F. Üzer, B. Karaçadır, and H. Turan, “Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases”, Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 351–356, June 2025, doi: 10.35440/hutfd.1659543.
ISNAD
Kırhan, İdris - Çalış, Aliye Gamze - Üzer, Fatih - Karaçadır, Bedia - Turan, Hamdiye. “Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22/2 (June 1, 2025): 351-356. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1659543.
JAMA
1.Kırhan İ, Çalış AG, Üzer F, Karaçadır B, Turan H. Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22:351–356.
MLA
Kırhan, İdris, et al. “Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 351-6, doi:10.35440/hutfd.1659543.
Vancouver
1.İdris Kırhan, Aliye Gamze Çalış, Fatih Üzer, Bedia Karaçadır, Hamdiye Turan. Pleural Fluid Gas Analysis in Diagnosing and Differentiating Pulmonary Diseases. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025 Jun. 1;22(2):351-6. doi:10.35440/hutfd.1659543

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