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Toplumun Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) ve HPV Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışları: Tek Merkezli Kesitsel Çalışma

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 225 - 232, 27.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.897050

Abstract

Amaç: Amacımız toplumun Human papillomavirüs (HPV) enfeksiyonu ve HPV aşısı hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının incelenmesidir.
Materyal ve metod: Bu kesitsel çalışmada, Haziran 2019 ve Ağustos 2019 ayları arasında ikinci basamak bir hastanenin polikliniğine başvuran katılımcılara HPV ve HPV aşısı hakkındaki bilgi tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendiren ayrıntılı bir anket uygulandı.
Bulgular: Haziran 2019 ve Aralık 2019 ayları arasında ikinci basamak bir hastanenin çeşitli polikliniklerine başvuran 836 katılımcı çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katılımcıların ortalama yaşları 36.29±9.03 iken, 86.36%’si kadındı. Katılımcıların 44,26%’si üniversite mezunu iken, 44.98%’si master’s degree düzeyinde eğitim almıştı. %73,09’u (n: 611) hiç jinekolojik muayene gitmediğini belirtti. HPV’nin nasıl bulaştığı sorusuna, katılımcıların %73,32’ si (n: 613) “evet, cinsel ilişki ile bulaşır” cevabı verirken, HPV ve serviks kanseri arasındaki ilişkiyi %67,58 (n: 565) hasta biliyordu. %71.05’i (n: 594) “serviks kanserinin HPV aşısı ile önlenebilir bir hastalık olduğunu biliyordu. Katılımcıların %56.57’si (n:336) HPV aşısını doktorundan duyduğunu belirtirken, %8.85’i HPV aşısının Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın aşı programında olmadığını biliyordu. Katılımcıların %43,66’sı (n: 365) kendisine, eşine veya çocuklarına HPV aşısı yaptırmayı düşünmediğini belirtti. %11.48’i (n:96) aşı devlet tarafından ücretsiz karşılansa dahi yaptırmayacağını bildirirken, %31.57’si (n:264) devlet tarafından ücretsiz karşılansaydı aşıyı yaptıracağını belirtti.
Sonuç: Toplumda serviks kanserinin HPV aşısı ile önlenebilir bir hastalık olduğu, HPV virüsünün nasıl bulaştığı ve nasıl önlem alınması gerektiği konusunda bilgi eksikliği vardır. Bunun ana sebebi aşının ülkemizde rutin aşı takvimine alınmaması, sağlık çalışanlarının hastalara HPV aşısı ve enfeksiyonu hakkında yeterli bilgi verememesi ve aşı ücretinin ülkemiz şartlarında pahalı olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Sağlık çalışanları kaynaklı en büyük engel ise hastalara aşı hakkında yeterli bilgi verilmemesi ve aşının gerekliliğinin yeteri kadar anlatılmaması olabilir. Sağlık hizmeti veren kurumların veya kişilerin HPV aşısı hakkında bilgilendirmesindeki yetersizliğinin altında yatan sebepler ayrıntılı sorgulanabilir.

References

  • 1. Oh JK, Lim MK, Yun EH, Lee EH, and Shin HR. Awareness of and attitude towards human papillomavirus infection and vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among adult males and females in Korea: A nationwide interview survey. Vaccine 2010; 28:1854–1860.
  • 2. International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2018. Global Cancer Observatory. 2018; [cited 2019 Sep 28]. Available from: URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/%0AGoogle Scholar
  • 3. Urman CO and Gottlieb AB. New viral vaccines for dermatologic disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 58:361–370.
  • 4. World Health Organization W. Draft: Global Strategy towards eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem. WHO press. 2020.
  • 5. Brisson M, Kim JJ, Canfell K, Drolet M, Gingras G, Burger EA, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination and cervical screening on cervical cancer elimination: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Lancet 2020; 395:575–590.
  • 6. Laura J. Viens, S. Jane Henley, Meg Watson, Lauri E. Markowitz, Cheryll C. Thomas, Trevor D.Thompson HR and MS. Human Papillomavirus–Associated Cancers — United States, 2008–2012. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65:661-666.
  • 7. Formana D, de Martel C, Lacey CJ, Soerjomatarama I, Lortet-Tieulent J, Bruni L, et al. Global burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases. Vol. 30, Vaccine. Elsevier; 2012; 12–23.
  • 8. Çetin O, Verit FF, Keskin S, Zebitay AG, Deregözü A, Usta T, et al. Knowledge levels of adolescent girls about human papilloma virus and its vaccine. Turk Pediatr Ars 2014; 49:142–147.
  • 9. Blake KD, Ottenbacher AJ, Finney Rutten LJ, Grady MA, Kobrin SC, Jacobson RM, et al. Predictors of human papillomavirus awareness and knowledge in 2013: Gaps and opportunities for targeted communication strategies. Am J Prev Med 2015; 48:402–410.
  • 10. Abudukadeer A, Azam S, Mutailipu AZ, Qun L, Guilin G, and Mijiti S. Knowledge and attitude of Uyghur women in Xinjiang province of China related to the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:1–7.
  • 11. Agurto I, Bishop A, Sánchez G, Betancourt Z, and Robles S. Perceived barriers and benefits to cervical cancer screening in Latin America. Prev Med (Baltim) 2004; 39:91–98.
  • 12. Xu C, Zhang W, Wu M, and Zhang S. Knowledge of cervical cancer among 25-54-year-old women in Beijing. J Cancer Educ 2011; 26:555–559.
  • 13. Di Giuseppe G, Abbate R, Liguori G, Albano L, and Angelillo IF. Human papillomavirus and vaccination: Knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention in adolescents and young women in Italy. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:225–229.
  • 14. Garland SM, Kjaer SK, Muñoz N, Block SL, Brown DR, Dinubile MJ, et al. Impact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: A systematic review of 10 years of real-world experience. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:519–527.
  • 15. Grandahl M, Paek SC, Grisurapong S, Sherer P, Tydén T, and Lundberg P. Parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination in relation to their socio-demographics and religious beliefs: A cross-sectional study in Thailand. Grce M, editor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193054.
  • 16. Constantine NA and Jerman P. Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Californian Parents of Daughters: A Representative Statewide Analysis. J Adolesc Heal 2007; 40:108–115.
  • 17. Jaspers L, Budiningsih S, Wolterbeek R, Henderson FC, and Peters AAW. Parental acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. Vaccine 2011; 29:7785–7793.
  • 18. Mendes Lobão W, Duarte FG, Burns JD, de Souza Teles Santos CA, Chagas de Almeida MC, Reingold A, et al. Low coverage of HPV vaccination in the national immunization programme in Brazil: Parental vaccine refusal or barriers in health-service based vaccine delivery? Angelillo IF, editor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206726.
  • 19. Şahbaz A and Erol O. HPV aşi uygulamalari. Turk Jinekoloji ve Obstet Dern Derg 2014; 11:126–130.
  • 20. Flagg EW, Schwartz R, and Weinstock H. Prevalence of anogenital warts among participants in private health plans in the United States, 2003-2010: Potential impact of human papillomavirus vaccination. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:1428–1435.
  • 21. Read TRH, Hocking JS, Chen MY, Donovan B, Bradshaw CS, and Fairley CK. The near disappearance of genital warts in young women 4 years after commencing a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme. Sex Transm Infect 2011; 87:544–547.
  • 22. LaMontagne D, Barge S, Thi Le N, Mugisha E, Penny M, Gandhi S, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccine delivery strategies that achieved high coverage in low- and middle-income countries. Hum papillomavirus vaccine Deliv Strateg that achieved high Cover low- middle-income Ctries 2011; 89:821–830.
  • 23. Kane MA, Serrano B, De Sanjosé S, and Wittet S. Implementation of human papillomavirus immunization in the: Developing world. Vaccine 2012; 30:F192–F200.
  • 24. Kohli, M., Ferko, N., Martin, A., Franco, E. L., Jenkins, D., Gallivan, S., ... & Drummond M. Estimating the long-term impact of a prophylactic human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine on the burden of cervical cancer in the UK. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:143–150.
  • 25. Hopkins TG and Wood N. Female human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: Global uptake and the impact of attitudes. Vaccine 2013; 31:1673–1679.
  • 26. Pulatoğlu Ç and Turan G. Women’s knowledge and beliefs towards vaccination for influenza during pregnancy in turkey and underlying factors of misinformation: A single-centre cross-sectional study. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 28:124–129.
  • 27. Turan G and Kul G. Tetanus immunization in pregnant women: the factors affecting maternal evaluation, tetanus vaccination and vaccination rate. Perinat J 2019; 27:137–142.
  • 28. Boehner CW, Howe SR, Bernstein DI, and Rosenthal SL. Viral sexually transmitted disease vaccine acceptability among college students. Sex Transm Dis 2003; 30:774–778.
  • 29. Brewer NT and Fazekas KI. Predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability: A theory-informed, systematic review. Prev Med (Baltim) 2007; 45:107–114.
  • 30. Marlow LAV, Waller J, and Wardle J. Parental attitudes to pre-pubertal HPV vaccination. Vaccine 2007; 25:1945–1952.

Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviors of People about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccine: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 225 - 232, 27.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.897050

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of people about human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV vaccine.
Material and Method: In this cross-sectional study, a detailed questionnaire was completed by participants who were admitted to the outpatient clinics of a secondary care hospital between June 2019 and December 2019 and the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of these participants about HPV infection and HPV vaccine were assessed.
Results: A total of 836 participants who were admitted to different outpatient clinics of a secondary care hospital between June 2019 and December 2019 were included in the study. Mean age of the participants was 36.29±9.03 and 86.36% of them were female. While 44.26% of the participants were university graduates 44.98% had a master’s degree. Of the participants, 73.09% (n=611) stated that they had never had gynecological exam. While 73.32% (n=613) of the participants answered the question how HPV is transmitted as “yes, it is sexually transmitted” 67.58% (n=565) knew the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer. Of the participants, 71.05% (n=594) knew that cervical cancer was a disease that could be prevented with HPV vaccine. While 56.57% (n=336) stated that they heard HPV vaccine from their physicians 8.85% knew that HPV vaccine was not in the vaccination program of the Ministry of Health. Of the participants, 43.66% (n=365) stated that they had no intention of having HPV vaccine for themselves, their wife/husband or their children. While 11.48% (n=96) of the patients stated that they would not have the vaccine even if it was covered free of charge by the government 31.57% (n=264) stated that they would have the vaccine if it was provided free of charge by the state.
Conclusion: People have insufficient knowledge on that cervical cancer is a disease that can be prevented by HPV vaccine, how HPV virus is transmitted and which measures must be taken. Main reason is that the vaccine is not included in the routine vaccination schedule in our country, that healthcare workers do not sufficiently inform patients about HPV vaccine and infection and that the vaccine is expensive in conditions of our country. Underlying reasons why institutions or workers who provide healthcare insufficiently inform people about HPV vaccine can be questioned in detail.

References

  • 1. Oh JK, Lim MK, Yun EH, Lee EH, and Shin HR. Awareness of and attitude towards human papillomavirus infection and vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among adult males and females in Korea: A nationwide interview survey. Vaccine 2010; 28:1854–1860.
  • 2. International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2018. Global Cancer Observatory. 2018; [cited 2019 Sep 28]. Available from: URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/%0AGoogle Scholar
  • 3. Urman CO and Gottlieb AB. New viral vaccines for dermatologic disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 58:361–370.
  • 4. World Health Organization W. Draft: Global Strategy towards eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem. WHO press. 2020.
  • 5. Brisson M, Kim JJ, Canfell K, Drolet M, Gingras G, Burger EA, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination and cervical screening on cervical cancer elimination: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Lancet 2020; 395:575–590.
  • 6. Laura J. Viens, S. Jane Henley, Meg Watson, Lauri E. Markowitz, Cheryll C. Thomas, Trevor D.Thompson HR and MS. Human Papillomavirus–Associated Cancers — United States, 2008–2012. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65:661-666.
  • 7. Formana D, de Martel C, Lacey CJ, Soerjomatarama I, Lortet-Tieulent J, Bruni L, et al. Global burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases. Vol. 30, Vaccine. Elsevier; 2012; 12–23.
  • 8. Çetin O, Verit FF, Keskin S, Zebitay AG, Deregözü A, Usta T, et al. Knowledge levels of adolescent girls about human papilloma virus and its vaccine. Turk Pediatr Ars 2014; 49:142–147.
  • 9. Blake KD, Ottenbacher AJ, Finney Rutten LJ, Grady MA, Kobrin SC, Jacobson RM, et al. Predictors of human papillomavirus awareness and knowledge in 2013: Gaps and opportunities for targeted communication strategies. Am J Prev Med 2015; 48:402–410.
  • 10. Abudukadeer A, Azam S, Mutailipu AZ, Qun L, Guilin G, and Mijiti S. Knowledge and attitude of Uyghur women in Xinjiang province of China related to the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:1–7.
  • 11. Agurto I, Bishop A, Sánchez G, Betancourt Z, and Robles S. Perceived barriers and benefits to cervical cancer screening in Latin America. Prev Med (Baltim) 2004; 39:91–98.
  • 12. Xu C, Zhang W, Wu M, and Zhang S. Knowledge of cervical cancer among 25-54-year-old women in Beijing. J Cancer Educ 2011; 26:555–559.
  • 13. Di Giuseppe G, Abbate R, Liguori G, Albano L, and Angelillo IF. Human papillomavirus and vaccination: Knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention in adolescents and young women in Italy. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:225–229.
  • 14. Garland SM, Kjaer SK, Muñoz N, Block SL, Brown DR, Dinubile MJ, et al. Impact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: A systematic review of 10 years of real-world experience. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:519–527.
  • 15. Grandahl M, Paek SC, Grisurapong S, Sherer P, Tydén T, and Lundberg P. Parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination in relation to their socio-demographics and religious beliefs: A cross-sectional study in Thailand. Grce M, editor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193054.
  • 16. Constantine NA and Jerman P. Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Californian Parents of Daughters: A Representative Statewide Analysis. J Adolesc Heal 2007; 40:108–115.
  • 17. Jaspers L, Budiningsih S, Wolterbeek R, Henderson FC, and Peters AAW. Parental acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. Vaccine 2011; 29:7785–7793.
  • 18. Mendes Lobão W, Duarte FG, Burns JD, de Souza Teles Santos CA, Chagas de Almeida MC, Reingold A, et al. Low coverage of HPV vaccination in the national immunization programme in Brazil: Parental vaccine refusal or barriers in health-service based vaccine delivery? Angelillo IF, editor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206726.
  • 19. Şahbaz A and Erol O. HPV aşi uygulamalari. Turk Jinekoloji ve Obstet Dern Derg 2014; 11:126–130.
  • 20. Flagg EW, Schwartz R, and Weinstock H. Prevalence of anogenital warts among participants in private health plans in the United States, 2003-2010: Potential impact of human papillomavirus vaccination. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:1428–1435.
  • 21. Read TRH, Hocking JS, Chen MY, Donovan B, Bradshaw CS, and Fairley CK. The near disappearance of genital warts in young women 4 years after commencing a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme. Sex Transm Infect 2011; 87:544–547.
  • 22. LaMontagne D, Barge S, Thi Le N, Mugisha E, Penny M, Gandhi S, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccine delivery strategies that achieved high coverage in low- and middle-income countries. Hum papillomavirus vaccine Deliv Strateg that achieved high Cover low- middle-income Ctries 2011; 89:821–830.
  • 23. Kane MA, Serrano B, De Sanjosé S, and Wittet S. Implementation of human papillomavirus immunization in the: Developing world. Vaccine 2012; 30:F192–F200.
  • 24. Kohli, M., Ferko, N., Martin, A., Franco, E. L., Jenkins, D., Gallivan, S., ... & Drummond M. Estimating the long-term impact of a prophylactic human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine on the burden of cervical cancer in the UK. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:143–150.
  • 25. Hopkins TG and Wood N. Female human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: Global uptake and the impact of attitudes. Vaccine 2013; 31:1673–1679.
  • 26. Pulatoğlu Ç and Turan G. Women’s knowledge and beliefs towards vaccination for influenza during pregnancy in turkey and underlying factors of misinformation: A single-centre cross-sectional study. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 28:124–129.
  • 27. Turan G and Kul G. Tetanus immunization in pregnant women: the factors affecting maternal evaluation, tetanus vaccination and vaccination rate. Perinat J 2019; 27:137–142.
  • 28. Boehner CW, Howe SR, Bernstein DI, and Rosenthal SL. Viral sexually transmitted disease vaccine acceptability among college students. Sex Transm Dis 2003; 30:774–778.
  • 29. Brewer NT and Fazekas KI. Predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability: A theory-informed, systematic review. Prev Med (Baltim) 2007; 45:107–114.
  • 30. Marlow LAV, Waller J, and Wardle J. Parental attitudes to pre-pubertal HPV vaccination. Vaccine 2007; 25:1945–1952.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gökçe Turan 0000-0002-2443-1927

Gülnur Kul 0000-0001-7317-3461

Yağmur Soykan 0000-0003-1053-1115

Publication Date August 27, 2021
Submission Date March 15, 2021
Acceptance Date June 19, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Turan G, Kul G, Soykan Y. Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviors of People about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccine: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;18(2):225-32.

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi  / Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty