Ege Bölgesi'nde Yenidoğan Buzağı İshallerinde Salmonella spp.'nin Varlığının, Virülans Faktörlerinin ve Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılığının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin Ege Bölgesi'nde neonatal ishal semptomları gösteren buzağılardan izole edilen Salmonella spp. suşlarının prevalansını, virülens gen profillerini ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılık düzeylerini araştırmaktır. Klinik belirti gösteren neonatal buzağılardan toplam 185 dışkı örneği toplanmıştır. Örneklerin %4,3'ünde Salmonella spp. izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Moleküler analizler, tüm izolatların invazyon, toksin üretimi, hücre içi sağ kalım ve konak hücre adezyonu ile ilişkili olan invA, stn, mgtC ve misL virülens genlerini taşıdığını ortaya koymuştur. Antimikrobiyal duyarlılık testleri, tüm izolatların sefepim, levofloksasin, siprofloksasin, sefotaksim, amoksisilin/klavulanik asit ve kolistin sülfata tamamen duyarlı olduğunu, ancak tetrasiklin grubu antibiyotiklere değişen düzeylerde direnç gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bulgular, düşük prevalansa rağmen izole edilen suşların dikkate değer virülens potansiyeline ve ortaya çıkan direnç profillerine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, dirençli suşların yayılımını önlemek ve neonatal buzağı ishalinin yönetimini iyileştirmek amacıyla antimikrobiyal duyarlılık takibinin ve hedefe yönelik tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords

• Antimikrobiyal Direnç
• Neonatal Buzağı İshalleri
• PCR
• Salmonella spp.
• Virülens Genleri

Determination of the Presence, Virulence Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella spp. in Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea in the Aegean Region

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, virulence gene profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. Isolates from neonatal calves with diarrhoea in the Aegean region of Türkiye. A total of 185 faecal samples from affected calves were collected and examined. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 4.3% of the samples. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of virulence genes invA, stn, mgtC, and misL in all isolates, which are associated with invasion, toxin production, intracellular survival, and host cell adhesion. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all isolates were fully susceptible to cefepime, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and colistin sulphate, while varying degrees of resistance to tetracycline group antibiotics were observed. These results suggest that, despite the low prevalence of Salmonella, the isolated strains demonstrated significant virulence potential and emerging resistance patterns. To prevent the spread of resistant strains and improve the management of neonatal calf diarrhoea, it is essential to implement continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility and establish appropriate therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

• Antibiotic Resistance
• Neonatal Calf Diarrhea
• PCR
• Salmonella spp.
• Virulence

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