The Anti-Tumor Effects of Carboplatin, Progesterone, and Calcitriol in Endometrial Cancer Cells

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 48 - 66, 30.04.2022

Ezgi Özdemir Özgür Deniz Turan Çiğdem Yenisey

Abstract

Aim: Platinum analogs and progesterone are used in the treatment of endometrial cancer. With calcitriol having anti-carcinogenic effects on many cancers, its effects on endometrial cancer are not clearly known. Therefore, we planned our study to compare the anti-tumor effects of carboplatin, progesterone, and calcitriol in endometrial cancer cell culture.
Material and Methods: Ishikawa cells were used in our study as endometrial cancer cell culture. A control group in which no medication was used, was compared with the study groups that received carboplatin, progesterone, and calcitriol. Anti-tumor effects of carboplatin, progesterone, and calcitriol were calculated by using the apoptosis and viability rates for each agent and its combinations (carboplatin + progesterone, carboplatin + calcitriol).
Results: The viability rates of all three agents were found significantly lower when they were compared alone or in combination with the control group (p <0.001). When cell viability with carboplatin + progesterone combination was compared with carboplatin alone, no significant difference was observed (p> 0.05). However, when the cell viability levels of the carboplatin + calcitriol combination were compared with the carboplatin used alone, it was observed that calcitriol triggered the anti-tumor effects of carboplatin and increased cell death (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: It was observed that carboplatin, progesterone, and calcitriol dose and time-dependently increased their inhibitory effects on tumor cells. Besides, when calcitriol was used combined with carboplatin, it enhanced its lethal effects on cells. The use of carboplatin and calcitriol combined in endometrial cancer may be an option in the treatment of this cancer type with high mortality. Further studies are needed to support this opinion.

Keywords

Endometrial Cancer, Carboplatin, Progesterone, Calcitriol

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