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General Rules
1. The structure of the article should be as follows:
• Turkish Title
• Abstract in Turkish
• Keywords in Turkish
• English Title
• Abstract in English
• Keywords in English
• Main Text (Introduction, Subheadings, Conclusion)
• References
2. The article page should be in A4 format.
3. The article should be between a minimum of 3000 and a maximum of 7000 words, including references.
4. Margins should be 3 cm on all sides.
5. The full name(s) of the author(s) (only initials capitalized, without titles) should be written in 11 pt, centered, in Times New Roman, under the title. The institutional address and e-mail should be placed below the name(s), centered, 11 pt, Times New Roman.
6. Headers and footers should not be inserted.
7. Page numbers should not be included.
8. Introduction and References should start on a new page.
9. Paragraph indentation should not be applied throughout the text.
10. All headings in the text should be written in bold.
11. Tables and Figures in the study should be formatted according to the ISNAD 2 Citation System.

Article Title
The Turkish/English main title of the article should be arranged according to the ISNAD 2 Citation System; 0 pt before, 6 pt after, without indentation, and centered. It should be in Times New Roman, 12 pt.

Abstract
1. It should be between 250–500 words.
2. It should be written in Times New Roman, 9 pt, justified, single-spaced, and without indentation.
3. The Abstract should include the subject, purpose, scope, method, and contribution of the study.

Keywords
1. Keywords should be written in Times New Roman, 9 pt, justified, single-spaced, and without indentation. They should consist of 5 words.
2. Concepts that accurately reflect the article should be chosen and arranged from general to specific.
3. The first concept must be the name of the discipline. The second should reflect the subject, person, or work. Then other concepts that represent the content should be added.
4. Each word should start with a capital letter and be separated by commas.

Main Text
1. Except for direct quotations, the entire text should be written in Times New Roman, 11 pt, justified, with 1.15 line spacing. Spacing: 0 pt before, 6 pt after.
2. All headings except the article title should be arranged according to the ISNAD 2 Citation System; 0 pt before and after, without indentation, justified. Headings should be in Times New Roman, 11 pt.
3. Headings (except Abstract, Öz, Introduction, Conclusion, and References) should follow a decimal system (1., 2., 3.; 1.1., 1.2.; 1.2.1.). A space should be left between the heading number and the first letter of the title.
4. One line should be left between subheadings and the preceding text, but no spacing should be left between the heading and the following text.
5. Direct quotations must comply with the ISNAD 2 Citation System. If a quotation is a paragraph or the author wishes to use it as a separate paragraph, it should be in Times New Roman, 10 pt, justified, single-spaced, without indentation, indented 2 cm from left and right, spacing: 0 pt before, 6 pt after.
6. Foreign terms in the article should be written in quotation marks and in Times New Roman font.
7. The Introduction is expected to:
• Clearly present the general framework or problem of the study,
• Review existing literature on the subject,
• Justify the necessity of the study based on the literature and present developed proposals,
• Detail the methodology and research path,
• Provide hints about the conclusions.
8. A Conclusion section is expected in all studies. It should not be a summary but present inferences and recommendations.

Footnotes
1. Footnotes should be written in Times New Roman, 8 pt, justified, single-spaced. Spacing: 0 pt before and after.
2. Footnotes must follow the ISNAD 2 Citation System.
3. Arabic terms in footnotes and references should be in Times New Roman, 8 pt.
4. Only the Endnote referencing system should be used.
5. Footnote numbers should be in Times New Roman, 8 pt, superscript.

References
1. References should start on the page following the Conclusion section.
2. References should be written in Times New Roman, 9 pt, justified, single-spaced.
3. The first line of each reference should be flush left, and subsequent lines should be indented 1.25 cm. Spacing: 0 pt before, 6 pt after for each source.
4. References must be formatted according to the ISNAD 2 Citation System.

FOR ISSUES NOT SPECIFIED IN THE AUTHOR GUIDELINES, THE ISNAD 2 CITATION SYSTEM MUST BE FOLLOWED; SEE ISNAD 2 CITATION SYSTEM MANUAL