Post Yeni Kamu Yönetimi Yaklaşımı Işığında Çin Kamu Yönetimi Reformları

Abstract

Birçok ülkenin yönetim reformu kapsamında uygulamaya koyduğu yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışı başarılı olduğu kadar başarısız örnekleri de ihtiva etmektedir. Bilhassa 1990’lı yılların sonundan itibaren piyasa odaklı reformların yol açtığı sorunlar nedeniyle tartışılmaya başlanan yeni kamu yönetimi, çeşitli reform girişimleri ile yenilenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çabayı ifade eden çatı kavram ise post yeni kamu yönetimidir. Çalışmada, post yeni kamu yönetiminin ve öngördüğü yönetim sisteminin Çin kamu yönetiminde nasıl tezahür ettiği sorusu temel araştırma gündemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı ise geleneksel ve yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışları ile post yeni kamu yönetimi kavramını teorik kapsamda inceleyerek, Çin kamu yönetiminin 2000 yılından bu yana gerçekleştirdiği reformları kamu yönetimi yaklaşımları ekseninde analiz etmektir. Çalışmada post yeni kamu yönetimini reformlarını karakterize eden iki ana kategoriye, kurumsal-yapısal ve değer odaklı yönetim reformu, ulaşılmaktadır. Bu kategorilerden hareketle 2000 yılı itibariyle Çin kamu yönetiminde cereyan eden yönetim reformları post yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışı ekseninde çeşitli dokümanlar içerik analizi yoluyla irdelenmektedir. Buna göre kurumsal ve yapısal yönetim reformları çerçevesinde melez bir reform planı ortaya koyan Çin yönetimi, özellikle ilgili reformların inşasında kendine özgü siyasal-yönetsel değerlerden etkin bir şekilde yararlanarak post yeni kamu yönetimi yaklaşımına örnekler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Post Yeni Kamu Yönetimi
• Çin
• Çin Kamu Yönetimi
• Yönetsel Reform

Chinese Public Management Reforms in the Light of the Post New Public Management Approach

Abstract

The new public management approach, which many countries put into practice within the scope of management reform, includes successful as well as unsuccessful examples. The new public management, which started to be criticized especially in the late 1990s due to the problems caused by market-oriented reforms, is being tried to be revised with various reform initiatives. The umbrella concept that expresses this effort is post new public management. In the study, the question of how the management system envisaged by the post-new public management manifests in the Chinese public administration constitutes the main research agenda. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze the traditional and new public management approaches and the concept of post-new public management in a theoretical context, and to analyze the reforms carried out by the Chinese public administration since 2000 in the axis of public management approaches. In the study, two main categories that characterize post new public management reforms, institutional-structural and value-oriented management reform, are reached. Based on these categories, the administrative reforms that took place in the Chinese public administration as of 2000s are examined through content analysis in the axis of post-new public management approach. Accordingly, the Chinese administration, which has put forward a hybrid reform plan within the framework of institutional and structural management reforms, offers examples of the post-new public management approach by making effective use of its unique political-administrative values, especially in the construction of the relevant reforms.

Keywords

• Post New Public Management
• China
• Chinese Public Management
• Administrative Reform

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