The Impacts of Ethnicwar in Bosnia and Herzegovina on Education

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 636 - 646, 30.11.2022

Naime Elcan Kaynak

https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1089001

Abstract

This paper attempts to explore the factors triggering segregated education in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia and Herzegovina (BİH) is one of the post conflict societies suffering from damages the ethnic war created. Before starting to war BiH belonged to the Yugoslavia where people from different ethnic groups lived side by side in peace. Along with the onset of the war in Yugoslavia, everything was changed and reversed in BiH. Individuals from different ethnic groups became adversaries to each other. The war created deep ethnic, religious and national segregations in BiH which formerly famous with its multiethnic and multicultural tradition. These divisions extended to education system. The war caused destruction and divided schools, curriculums, teachers, and overall education system of the society. In this study using documentary analysis all sub-themes have been explored and discussed in detail that impact segregated education in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Findings display that parents opposition to integrity, lack of trust and international support, politicians and politicized text book and multiple ministries and curriculums are among the factors triggering segregation in education.

Keywords

War, Ethnic Discrimination, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Segregated Education

Bosna Hersek’teki Etnik Savaşın Eğitime Yansımaları

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı Bosna- Hersek’ teki parçalanmış eğitimin sebeplerini, altında yatan faktörleri tarihsel boyutlarıyla derinlemesine analiz ederek, bazı çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Bosna-Hersek, etnik savaşın derin yaralar açtığı toplumlardan biridir. Savaştan önce Bosna-Hersek Yugoslavya Sosyalist Federal Cumhuriyeti'nin bir parçasıydı. Eski Bosna Hersek'te farklı etnik gruplardan insanlar barış içinde yan yana yaşarlarken, Yugoslavya savaşının başlamasıyla birlikte Bosna-Hersek’ te her şey değişmiş ve tersine donmuştur. Öncesinde dostluk içerisinde yasayan farklı etnik gruplardan bireyler birbirlerine düşman olmuşlardır. Savaş, eskiden barışçıl, çok ırklı ve çok kültürlü geleneğiyle ünlü olan Bosna-Hersek ‘te derin etnik, dini ve ulusal bölünmeler yaratmıştır ve bu bölünmeler eğitim sistemine kadar uzanmıştır. Savaş, Bosna-Hersek'in eğitim sistemini yıkıma uğratırken getirdiği en büyük sorun ayrımcılık olmuştur. Dokuman analizi tekniği kullanılarak elde edilen bulgulara bakıldığında ailelerin eğitimin birleşmesine karşı çıkması, politikacılar, siyasallaştırılmış ders kitapları, çoklu bakanlık ve müfredatlar, güven eksikliği ve uluslararası desteğin az olması eğitimde ayrışmayı etkileyen temel faktörlerdir.

Keywords

Savaş, Etnik Soykırım, Bosna-Hersek, Ayrıştırıcı Eğitim

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