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Parenting in Risk Society: Vaccine Decision of Parents for Their Children During Covid-19 Pandemics

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 295 - 311, 31.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1255134

Abstract

The current study is a literature review to analyze the parents' burden in deciding to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, during the pandemic while utilizing Ulrich Beck's risk society term. The definition, perception, and experience of risk in society are all important and developing topics of risk studies in the social sciences. According to Beck's idea of risk society, risk is a human construct that takes many forms due to technological advancement and global influence. Parents are primarily responsible for protecting their children against risks that have been amplified or otherwise attenuated. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased parental obligations by making the heightened risk a reality. These responsibilities include preventing contamination and vaccinating children. As the vaccines are promptly developed for a new disease, it is also seen to be risky. The study concludes that the COVID-19 vaccine decision is a recent and significant parental responsibility because of the risk society, which attributes the protection of individuals against primarily human-made and global threats. Moreover, opinions toward vaccination rely on several variables, including confidence in institutions, the health concerns associated with vaccination, and the influence of the virus on young children.

References

  • Akgül, E. Ergün, A. (2023). Ebeveynlerin Çocukluk Çağı Aşıları ile COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki [The Relationship Between Parents' Attitudes Towards Childhood Vaccines and COVID-19 Vaccine]. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 5 (1) , 64-75 . DOI: 10.54061/jphn.1185448
  • Akgün, Ö. Kayaalp, G. K. Demirkan, F. G. Çakmak, F. Tanatar, A. Guliyeva, V. Sönmez, H. E. Aktay-Ayaz, N. (2022). Exploring the attitudes, concerns, and knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccine by the parents of children with rheumatic disease: Cross-sectional online survey, Vaccine 40, (2022) 1829–1836
  • AlKetbi, L. M. B. Al Hosani, F. Al Memari, S. Al Mazrouei, S. Al Shehhi, B. Al Shamsi, N, AlKwuiti, M. M., Saleheen, H. N., Al Mutairi, H., Al Hajeri, O. M. (2022). Parents’ views on the acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine for their children: A cross-sectional study in Abu Dhabi-United Arab Emirates, Vaccine 40, 5562–5568
  • Ardıç Çobaner, A. Kılınç Özüölmez, P. and Alkan, N. (2022). Construction of Moral Panic on Twitter About Giving Children Covid-19 Vaccines: The Example of “#DenekDegilBebek”. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 9 (2) , 587-607 . DOI: 10.17680/erciyesiletisim.1076621 Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society Towards a New Modernity. (M. Ritter, Trans.) London, Newbury Park and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
  • Beck, U. (2000). Brave New World of Work. (P. Camiller, Trans.), Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. (2002) Ecological Politics in an Age of Risk, Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. Beck-Gernsheim, E. (2004). The Normal Chaos of Love, (M. Ritter and J. Wiebel, Trans.), Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. Giddens, A. Lash, S. (1994). Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bell, S. Clarke, R. Mounier-Jack, S. Walker, J.L. Paterson, P. (2020). Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study in England, Vaccine 38, 7789–7798
  • Benites-Zapata, V. A. Herrera-Añazco, P. Benites-Meza, J. K. Bonilla-Aguilar, K. Urrunaga-Pastor, D. Bendezu-Quispe, G. Uyen-Cateriano, A. Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. Hernandez, A. V. (2022). Prevalence of parents’ non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19: A comparative analysis in Colombia and Peru. Vaccine: X 12, 1–12.
  • Byrne, A. Thompson, L. A. Filipp, S. L. Ryan, K. (2022). COVID-19 vaccine perceptions and hesitancy amongst parents of school-aged children during the pediatric vaccine rollout. Vaccine 40, 6680–6687
  • Ceannt, R. Vallieres, F. Burns, H. Murphy, J. Hyland, P. (2022). Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance amongst parents of children under 18 years of age in Ireland. Vaccine 40, 6196–6200
  • Dayton, L. Miller, J. Strickland, J. Davey-Rothwell, M. Latkin, C. (2022). A socio-ecological perspective on parents’ intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, Vaccine 40, 4432–4439.
  • Douglas, M. Wildavsky, A. (1983). Risk and culture. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press
  • Erem, E. Kışlal, F. M. (2022). The knowledge level and attitude of the parents about COVID-19 vaccination in children: a single-center survey study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 3 (3), 254-262. DOI: 10.47582/jompac.1168273
  • Etesamınıa, S. Bağcı Derinpınar, K. (2021). Aşı Tereddütlerinde Sosyal Medyanın Rolü [The Role of Social Media in Vaccine Hesitation]. Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 7 (2) , 377-390. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/usaysad/issue/64697/988583
  • Evans, S. Klas, A. Mikocka-Walus, A. German, B. Rogers, G.D. Ling, M. Fernando, W. Kothe, E. Westrupp, E.M. (2021). “Poison” or “protection”? A mixed methods exploration of Australian parents' COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 150, 1–8.
  • Foucault, M. (1991). “Governmentality”. G. Burchell, C. Gordon and P. Miller (Ed.), The Foucault effect: studies in governmentality, (87–104). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Füredi, F. (2007). Culture of fear revisited, London and New York: Continuum Press.
  • Galanis, P. Vraka, I. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, O. Katsiroumpa, A. Kaitelidou, D. (2022). Willingness, refusal and influential factors of parents to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine 157, 1–19.
  • Giddens, A. (1991) Consequences of Modernity, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Gül Ünlü, D. Kesgin, Y. (2021). Dijital Ebeveynlik, Aşı Kararsızlığı ve Covid-19: Dijital Ebeveynlerin Covıd-19 Aşısı Karşıtlığına İlişkin Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi [Digital Parenthood, Vaccine Hesitancy and COVID-19: Determining Digital Parents’ Attitudes on COVID-19 Anti-Vaccination Movement]. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2021 (56) , 165-184 . DOI: 10.47998/ikad.994956
  • Head, K. J. Zimet, G. D. Yiannoutsos, C. T. Silverman, R. D. Sanner, L. Menachemi, N. (2022) Factors that differentiate COVID-19 vaccine intentions among Indiana parents: Implications for targeted vaccine promotion. Preventive Medicine 158, 509–517.
  • Humbel, R. M. (2022). Parents' perceptions on COVID-19 vaccination as the new routine for their children ≤ 11 years old. Preventive Medicine 161, 1–13.
  • Kasperson, J. X. Kasperson, R. E. Pidgeon, N. Slovic, P. (2003). “The social amplification of risk: assessing fifteen years of research and theory” N. Pidgeon, R. E. Kasperson and P. Slovic (Ed.), in The Social Amplification of Risk, (13–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Kocamaz, E. B. Kocamaz, H. (2022). Awareness of Covid-19 and attitudes toward vaccination in parents of children between 0 and 18 years: A cross-sectional study, Journal of Pediatric Nursing 65, 75–81.
  • Kitro, A. Wachiranun S., Dilokkhamaruk, E. Sumitmoh, G. Pasirayut, S. Wongcharoen, A. Panumasvivat, J. Ongprasert, K. Sapbamrer, R. (2022)
  • Lupton, D. (2006). “Introduction: risk and sociocultural theory”. D. Lupton (Ed.), in Risk and sociocultural theory: new directions and perspectives, (1–11). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Narmanlı, D. (2022). Aşı Kararsızlığı Bağlamında Aşı Tartışmaları: Twitter’da Kovid-19 Örneği [ Vaccine Debates in the Context of Vaccine Hesistancy: Covid 19 Case on Twitter]. TRT Akademi, 7 (14), 28-57. DOI: 10.37679/trta.1013435
  • Parlak M. E. Ener D. (2022). Anti-Vaccination and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Adolescents. Med Records. 4 (3), 258-265.
  • Ruggiero, K. M. Wong, J. Sweeney, C. F. Avola, A. Auger, A. Macaluso, M. Reidy, P. (2021) Journal of Pediatric Health Care 35, 509–517.
  • Schaumleffel, C. Vickers, C. Chertok, I. A. (2022) COVID-19 Pediatric vaccination attitudes among parents in Ohio. Journal of Pediatric Health Care 36, e1–e6.
  • Slovic, P. (1987). The Perception of risk. Science 236, 280–285.
  • Slovic, P. (2000). The Perception of risk. New York: Taylor & Francis.
  • Şahin, H. (2022). Türkiye’de COVID-19 Aşısı Karşıtlığının Nedenleri: Twitter Örneği [The Reasons for the COVID-19 Anti-Vaccine in Turkey: Twitter Example]. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10 (2), 579-593. DOI: 10.18506/anemon.1055054
  • Tulloch, J. (2008). “Culture and risk” J. O. Zin (Ed.), in Social Theories of Risk and Uncertainty: An Introduction. Malden, Oxford and Victoria: Blackwell Publishing. (138–168)
  • Wilkinson, I. (2002). Anxiety in a risk society. London and New York: Routledge.
  • World Health Organisation (2020), Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, accessed on 22.02.2023, https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19
  • Yıldız, Y. Telatar, T. G., Baykal, M., Aykanat Yurtsever, B. Yıldız, İ. E. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Aşı Reddinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluating Vaccine Rejection during COVID-19 Pandemic]. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11 (2), 200-205. DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.827142
  • Yılmaz, H. İ. Turğut, B., Çıtlak, G., Mert, O., Paralı, B., Engin, M. , Aktaş, A. Alimoğlu, O. (2021). Türkiye’de İnsanların COVID-19 Aşısına Bakışı [ People's View of COVID-19 Vaccine in Turkey]. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 48 (3) , 583-594 . DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.988080
  • Zin, J. O. (2004). Literature review: sociology and risk, Working Paper, Social contexts and responses to risk network (SCARR).

Risk Toplumunda Ebeveynlik: COVID-19 Pandemisinde Ebeveynlerin Çocukları için Aşı Kararı

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 295 - 311, 31.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1255134

Abstract

Çalışmamız, Ulrich Beck'in risk toplumu teriminden yararlanarak, pandemi sırasında ebeveynlerin çocukları için COVID-19 aşısını seçerken yaşadıkları yükü analiz etmek ve anlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bir literatür taramasıdır. Toplumda riskin tanımı, algısı ve deneyimi, sosyal bilimlerdeki risk çalışmalarında önemli ve gelişmekte olan konulardır. Beck'in risk toplumu konseptine göre risk, teknolojik ilerleme ve globalleşme sonucu insan yapısı olan ve pek çok çeşidi bulunan bir yapıdadır. Ebeveynler, çocuklarını arttırılan (abartılan) veya azaltılmış risklere karşı korumaktan birincil derecede sorumludur. COVID-19 salgını artırılan riski gerçeğe dönüştürerek ebeveyn yükümlülüklerini artırmıştır. Bu sorumluluklar arasında bulaşısının önlenmesi ve çocukların aşılanması yer almaktadır. Yeni bir hastalık için hızlı geliştirilen bir aşı olduğu için aşının da riskli olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, COVID-19 aşı kararı, bireylerin insan yapımı ve global risklere karşı korunması yükümlülüğünü bireylere bırakan risk toplumu çerçevesinde, ebeveynlere yeni ve önemli bir sorumluk getirmektedir. Ayrıca aşılamaya yönelik kararlar, kurumlara duyulan güven, virüsün ve aşının küçük çocuklar üzerindeki etkisi gibi sağlıkla ilgili kaygılar dahil olmak üzere bir dizi değişkene dayanmaktadır.

References

  • Akgül, E. Ergün, A. (2023). Ebeveynlerin Çocukluk Çağı Aşıları ile COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki [The Relationship Between Parents' Attitudes Towards Childhood Vaccines and COVID-19 Vaccine]. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 5 (1) , 64-75 . DOI: 10.54061/jphn.1185448
  • Akgün, Ö. Kayaalp, G. K. Demirkan, F. G. Çakmak, F. Tanatar, A. Guliyeva, V. Sönmez, H. E. Aktay-Ayaz, N. (2022). Exploring the attitudes, concerns, and knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccine by the parents of children with rheumatic disease: Cross-sectional online survey, Vaccine 40, (2022) 1829–1836
  • AlKetbi, L. M. B. Al Hosani, F. Al Memari, S. Al Mazrouei, S. Al Shehhi, B. Al Shamsi, N, AlKwuiti, M. M., Saleheen, H. N., Al Mutairi, H., Al Hajeri, O. M. (2022). Parents’ views on the acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine for their children: A cross-sectional study in Abu Dhabi-United Arab Emirates, Vaccine 40, 5562–5568
  • Ardıç Çobaner, A. Kılınç Özüölmez, P. and Alkan, N. (2022). Construction of Moral Panic on Twitter About Giving Children Covid-19 Vaccines: The Example of “#DenekDegilBebek”. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 9 (2) , 587-607 . DOI: 10.17680/erciyesiletisim.1076621 Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society Towards a New Modernity. (M. Ritter, Trans.) London, Newbury Park and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
  • Beck, U. (2000). Brave New World of Work. (P. Camiller, Trans.), Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. (2002) Ecological Politics in an Age of Risk, Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. Beck-Gernsheim, E. (2004). The Normal Chaos of Love, (M. Ritter and J. Wiebel, Trans.), Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Beck, U. Giddens, A. Lash, S. (1994). Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bell, S. Clarke, R. Mounier-Jack, S. Walker, J.L. Paterson, P. (2020). Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study in England, Vaccine 38, 7789–7798
  • Benites-Zapata, V. A. Herrera-Añazco, P. Benites-Meza, J. K. Bonilla-Aguilar, K. Urrunaga-Pastor, D. Bendezu-Quispe, G. Uyen-Cateriano, A. Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. Hernandez, A. V. (2022). Prevalence of parents’ non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19: A comparative analysis in Colombia and Peru. Vaccine: X 12, 1–12.
  • Byrne, A. Thompson, L. A. Filipp, S. L. Ryan, K. (2022). COVID-19 vaccine perceptions and hesitancy amongst parents of school-aged children during the pediatric vaccine rollout. Vaccine 40, 6680–6687
  • Ceannt, R. Vallieres, F. Burns, H. Murphy, J. Hyland, P. (2022). Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance amongst parents of children under 18 years of age in Ireland. Vaccine 40, 6196–6200
  • Dayton, L. Miller, J. Strickland, J. Davey-Rothwell, M. Latkin, C. (2022). A socio-ecological perspective on parents’ intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, Vaccine 40, 4432–4439.
  • Douglas, M. Wildavsky, A. (1983). Risk and culture. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press
  • Erem, E. Kışlal, F. M. (2022). The knowledge level and attitude of the parents about COVID-19 vaccination in children: a single-center survey study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 3 (3), 254-262. DOI: 10.47582/jompac.1168273
  • Etesamınıa, S. Bağcı Derinpınar, K. (2021). Aşı Tereddütlerinde Sosyal Medyanın Rolü [The Role of Social Media in Vaccine Hesitation]. Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 7 (2) , 377-390. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/usaysad/issue/64697/988583
  • Evans, S. Klas, A. Mikocka-Walus, A. German, B. Rogers, G.D. Ling, M. Fernando, W. Kothe, E. Westrupp, E.M. (2021). “Poison” or “protection”? A mixed methods exploration of Australian parents' COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 150, 1–8.
  • Foucault, M. (1991). “Governmentality”. G. Burchell, C. Gordon and P. Miller (Ed.), The Foucault effect: studies in governmentality, (87–104). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Füredi, F. (2007). Culture of fear revisited, London and New York: Continuum Press.
  • Galanis, P. Vraka, I. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, O. Katsiroumpa, A. Kaitelidou, D. (2022). Willingness, refusal and influential factors of parents to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine 157, 1–19.
  • Giddens, A. (1991) Consequences of Modernity, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Gül Ünlü, D. Kesgin, Y. (2021). Dijital Ebeveynlik, Aşı Kararsızlığı ve Covid-19: Dijital Ebeveynlerin Covıd-19 Aşısı Karşıtlığına İlişkin Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi [Digital Parenthood, Vaccine Hesitancy and COVID-19: Determining Digital Parents’ Attitudes on COVID-19 Anti-Vaccination Movement]. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2021 (56) , 165-184 . DOI: 10.47998/ikad.994956
  • Head, K. J. Zimet, G. D. Yiannoutsos, C. T. Silverman, R. D. Sanner, L. Menachemi, N. (2022) Factors that differentiate COVID-19 vaccine intentions among Indiana parents: Implications for targeted vaccine promotion. Preventive Medicine 158, 509–517.
  • Humbel, R. M. (2022). Parents' perceptions on COVID-19 vaccination as the new routine for their children ≤ 11 years old. Preventive Medicine 161, 1–13.
  • Kasperson, J. X. Kasperson, R. E. Pidgeon, N. Slovic, P. (2003). “The social amplification of risk: assessing fifteen years of research and theory” N. Pidgeon, R. E. Kasperson and P. Slovic (Ed.), in The Social Amplification of Risk, (13–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Kocamaz, E. B. Kocamaz, H. (2022). Awareness of Covid-19 and attitudes toward vaccination in parents of children between 0 and 18 years: A cross-sectional study, Journal of Pediatric Nursing 65, 75–81.
  • Kitro, A. Wachiranun S., Dilokkhamaruk, E. Sumitmoh, G. Pasirayut, S. Wongcharoen, A. Panumasvivat, J. Ongprasert, K. Sapbamrer, R. (2022)
  • Lupton, D. (2006). “Introduction: risk and sociocultural theory”. D. Lupton (Ed.), in Risk and sociocultural theory: new directions and perspectives, (1–11). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Narmanlı, D. (2022). Aşı Kararsızlığı Bağlamında Aşı Tartışmaları: Twitter’da Kovid-19 Örneği [ Vaccine Debates in the Context of Vaccine Hesistancy: Covid 19 Case on Twitter]. TRT Akademi, 7 (14), 28-57. DOI: 10.37679/trta.1013435
  • Parlak M. E. Ener D. (2022). Anti-Vaccination and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Adolescents. Med Records. 4 (3), 258-265.
  • Ruggiero, K. M. Wong, J. Sweeney, C. F. Avola, A. Auger, A. Macaluso, M. Reidy, P. (2021) Journal of Pediatric Health Care 35, 509–517.
  • Schaumleffel, C. Vickers, C. Chertok, I. A. (2022) COVID-19 Pediatric vaccination attitudes among parents in Ohio. Journal of Pediatric Health Care 36, e1–e6.
  • Slovic, P. (1987). The Perception of risk. Science 236, 280–285.
  • Slovic, P. (2000). The Perception of risk. New York: Taylor & Francis.
  • Şahin, H. (2022). Türkiye’de COVID-19 Aşısı Karşıtlığının Nedenleri: Twitter Örneği [The Reasons for the COVID-19 Anti-Vaccine in Turkey: Twitter Example]. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10 (2), 579-593. DOI: 10.18506/anemon.1055054
  • Tulloch, J. (2008). “Culture and risk” J. O. Zin (Ed.), in Social Theories of Risk and Uncertainty: An Introduction. Malden, Oxford and Victoria: Blackwell Publishing. (138–168)
  • Wilkinson, I. (2002). Anxiety in a risk society. London and New York: Routledge.
  • World Health Organisation (2020), Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, accessed on 22.02.2023, https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19
  • Yıldız, Y. Telatar, T. G., Baykal, M., Aykanat Yurtsever, B. Yıldız, İ. E. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Aşı Reddinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluating Vaccine Rejection during COVID-19 Pandemic]. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11 (2), 200-205. DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.827142
  • Yılmaz, H. İ. Turğut, B., Çıtlak, G., Mert, O., Paralı, B., Engin, M. , Aktaş, A. Alimoğlu, O. (2021). Türkiye’de İnsanların COVID-19 Aşısına Bakışı [ People's View of COVID-19 Vaccine in Turkey]. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 48 (3) , 583-594 . DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.988080
  • Zin, J. O. (2004). Literature review: sociology and risk, Working Paper, Social contexts and responses to risk network (SCARR).
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Orjinal Makale
Authors

Tuba Duman 0000-0002-3991-5991

Early Pub Date May 29, 2023
Publication Date May 31, 2023
Submission Date February 22, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Duman, T. (2023). Parenting in Risk Society: Vaccine Decision of Parents for Their Children During Covid-19 Pandemics. İçtimaiyat, 7(1), 295-311. https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1255134

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