Öz
The paper presents a
smart bike sharing system proposal with intent to promote cycling for tourists
as a sightseeing trip in the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul, where high
population, inadequate road infrastructure and traffic congestion make the
mobility difficult. Cycling offers an alternative sustainable transportation
mode to overcome these mobility challenges; it presents low cots and active
mobility to the individuals, and also improves the spatial experience with
urban environment. The aim of the study is to promote the use of bikes for
improving visitors' (tourists) perception of the urban environment by
considering bicycle demand. The research concentrates on (1) how to perform
more effective bike sharing system, which is able to respond to traffic
condition, and (2) adjust the bike capacity according to in user demand. The
smart bike sharing system, presented in this study, consists of; 1) bike route,
2) bike use mobile application and 3) bike sharing model stages. In bike-sharing
modeling process, we employ agent based modeling as decision support system. In
the scope of the study, the model is evaluated through a test case that is
designed by randomly selected bike park spots and terminal locations. The results showed that there is an
association between bicycle demand and the number and location of biycyle
facilities (bike park spots and terminals). The presented bike sharing system
offers a navigation map for the visitors unfamiliar with the area and a dynamic
model proposal that responds flexibly to user needs. The developed dynamic
bicycle system is expected to increase the user satisfaction and thus the use
of bicycles by reducing the bicycle waiting time of the users.
Anahtar Kelimeler
cycling smart transportation (mobility) smart bicycle-sharing system agent based modeling decision support system
Kaynakça
- Anylogic. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.anylogic.com/
- Arentze, H. and Achten, H. (2007). Design and decision support systems in architecture and planning. Unpublished manuscript, Eindhoven.
- Baksi Akıllı Bisiklet Kiralama Sistemleri [BAKSI]. (2018). Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.isbike.istanbul/
- Behrendt, F. (2016). Why cycling matters for smart cities, Internet of bicycles for intelligent transport. Journal of Transport Geography, 56, 157-164.
- BikeRoll. (2018). BikeRoll. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://bikeroll.net/tr
- Bortner, C. W., Gürkan, C. and Kell, B. (2015). Ant colony optimization applied to the bike sharing problem. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.math.cmu.edu/CNA/summer_institute/2015/projects/ACOBSP.pdf
- Cenani, S. (2013). Modeling cognitive learning of urban networks in daily activity-travel behavior. Issue 186, Bouwstenen Series. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. DOI: 10.6100/IR759267.
- CityBike. (2018). CityBike Wien. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.citybikewien.at/en/
- Cohen, B. (2012). What exactly is a smart city?. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from http://www.fastcoexist.com/1680538/what-exactly-is-a-smart-city
- D’ Albert H., Venkataraman S. and Omer, M. (2015). Application of System Dynamics for Modeling Product-Service Systems. In Proceedings of ICETA Conference. Taipeh: Taiwan.
- DeMaio, P. (2009). Bike-sharing: History, Impacts, Models of Provision, and Future. Journal of Public Transportation 12 (4), 41-56.
- EMBARQ Türkiye. (2014). İstanbul Tarihi Yarımada yayalaştırma projesi mevcut durum değerlendirilmesi. Retrieved May 2, 2018, from www.embarqturkiye.org
- Gehl Architects and EMBARQ. (2011). Istanbul public space public life. Retrieved October 11, 2018, from https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_998_istanbul-public- spaces- pu/48
- INRIX. (2018). Global traffic scorecard. Retrieved October 11, 2018, from http://inrix.com/scorecard-city/?city=Istanbul&index=2 Istanbul ranked 15th most congested city in the world. (2017). Hurriyet Daily News. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/istanbul-ranked-15th-most-congested-city-in-world--110036
- Lozano, A., De Paz, J., Gonzalez, G., V., Iglesia, D. and Bajo, J. (2018). Multi-Agent System for Demand Prediction and Trip Visualization in Bike Sharing Systems. Journal of Applied Sciences. Retrieved from: www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci Retrieved on 12 October 2018.
- Mátrai, T. and Tóth, J. (2016). Comparative assessment of public bike sharing systems. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 2344–2351. DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.261
- Midgley, P. (2011). Bike-sharing schemes: Enhancing sustainable mobility in urban areas. Commission on Sustainable Development 19, Background Paper 8, 1–24.
- Mobiett. (2018). Mobiett. [Mobile application software]. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.iett.istanbul/tr/main/pages/mobiett/775
- Öztaş, Ç. (2015). Transport policies in Istanbul. Presentation at sciencespo. Retrieved October 10, 2018, from http://wrisehirler.org/medya/transport-policies-istanbul-l-%C3%A7i%C4%9Fdem-%C3%A7%C3%B6rek-%C3%B6zta%C5%9F-l-sciencepo
- Pucher, J. and Buehler, R. (2017). Cycling towards a more sustainable transport future. Transportation Reviews, 37 (6), 689-694, DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1340234
- Saltzman, R. and Bradford, R. (2016). Simulating a mode Efficient Bike System. Journal of Supply Chain and Operations Management, 14(2), 36-47.
- Sopher, H., Shauman, D. and Kalay, Y. (2016). Simulating Human Behavior in (un)Built Environments: Using an Actor Profiling Method. International Journal of Computer, Electrical, Automation and Information Engineering, 10(12), 2030-2040. Retrieved from scholar.waset.org/1999.4/10006638
- Superpool (2017). Istanbul bike map. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.superpool.org/index.php/research/istanbul-bike-map
- VisitCopenhagen. (2019). Bike city Copenhagen. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/sightseeing/bike-city-copenhagen
- Vogel, P., Greiser, T. and Mattfeld, D.C. (2011). Understanding bike-sharing systems using Data Mining: Exploring activity patterns. Procedia Social Behavioral Sciences, 20, 514–523.
- Yandex. (2018). Yandex Harita. Retrieved October 12, 2018, from https://yandex.com.tr/harita/11508/istanbul
- Yang, Z., Shu, Y., Cheng, P., Chen, J. and Moscibroda, T. (2016). Mobility modeling and prediction in bike-sharing systems. in proceedings of mobile systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys’16), Singapore.
Öz
Çalışma, İstanbul’un Tarihi Yarımada Bölgesi’nde özellikle tarihi
çevreye erişim zorluğu, trafik problemi ve nüfusun fazla olması ziyaretçilerin
bölgeyi deneyimlemesi açısından sorun oluşturması sebebiyle, bölgede
kullanıcılar için akıllı bisiklet paylaşım sistemi önermektedir. Sürdürülebilir
ulaşım aracı olarak bisiklet kullanımı bölgede hareketlilik kaynaklı sorunların
çözülmesini sağlayabilir. Bisiklet kullanımı kullanıcıya düşük maliyetli ve
sağlıklı erişim imkanı sunarken, aynı zamanda kullanıcının kentsel mekanı diğer
ulaşım araçlarına göre daha iyi algılamasını ve deneyimlemesini sağlar. Çalışmanın
amacı bölgede bisikletin ulaşım aracı olarak kullanılarak ziyaretçilerin
kentsel çevreyi daha iyi algılamasını sağlamak amacıyla değişken bisiklet
kullanım talebini göz önüne alarak bisiklet kullanımını arttıracak yöntemler
geliştirmektir. Önerilen bisiklet paylaşım sistemi; (1) trafik durumuna ve
kullanıcı isteklerine uygun, kullanıcı ile etkileşimli en etkin bisiklet
ulaşımının nasıl gerçekleştirileceği ve (2) kullanım durumuna göre mevcut
bisiklet terminallerinde park ve bisiklet talebinin en uygun nasıl belirlenebileceği
soruları üzerinden geliştirilmiştir. Akıllı bisiklet paylaşım systemi; 1)
bisiklet rotasının tanımlanması, 2) bisiklet kullanım uygulaması ve 3) bisiklet
paylaşım modeli tasarımı aşamalarından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada karar destek
sistemi yöntemlerinden biri olan etmen tabanlı modelleme yöntemi kullanılarak
bisiklet paylaşım modelinin süreci tanımlanır. Çalışma kapsamında, bisiklet
paylaşım modeli bisiklet park ve terminal konumları raslantısal olarak
seçilerek örnek çalışma ile değerlendirilir. Örnek çalışmanın sonuçları
bisiklet talebinin bisiklet servislerinin (bisiklet park ve terminal noktaları)
mesafeleri ve sayıları ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Önerilen bisiklet
paylaşım sistemi, bölgeyi bilmeyen kullanıcılar için yol bulucu uygulama ve
değişen kullanıcı talebine uyum sağlayabilen bisiklet paylaşım modeli
sunmaktadır. Geliştirilen dinamik bisiklet paylaşım sisteminin kullanıcıların
bisiklet bekleme süresini azaltarak, kullanıcı memnuniyetini ve dolayısıyla
bisiklet kullanımını artırması beklenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Akıllı kentler sürdürülebilir ulaşım akıllı bisiklet paylaşım sistemi etmen tabanlı modelleme karar destek sistemleri
Kaynakça
- Anylogic. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.anylogic.com/
- Arentze, H. and Achten, H. (2007). Design and decision support systems in architecture and planning. Unpublished manuscript, Eindhoven.
- Baksi Akıllı Bisiklet Kiralama Sistemleri [BAKSI]. (2018). Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.isbike.istanbul/
- Behrendt, F. (2016). Why cycling matters for smart cities, Internet of bicycles for intelligent transport. Journal of Transport Geography, 56, 157-164.
- BikeRoll. (2018). BikeRoll. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://bikeroll.net/tr
- Bortner, C. W., Gürkan, C. and Kell, B. (2015). Ant colony optimization applied to the bike sharing problem. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.math.cmu.edu/CNA/summer_institute/2015/projects/ACOBSP.pdf
- Cenani, S. (2013). Modeling cognitive learning of urban networks in daily activity-travel behavior. Issue 186, Bouwstenen Series. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. DOI: 10.6100/IR759267.
- CityBike. (2018). CityBike Wien. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from https://www.citybikewien.at/en/
- Cohen, B. (2012). What exactly is a smart city?. Retrieved October 2, 2018, from http://www.fastcoexist.com/1680538/what-exactly-is-a-smart-city
- D’ Albert H., Venkataraman S. and Omer, M. (2015). Application of System Dynamics for Modeling Product-Service Systems. In Proceedings of ICETA Conference. Taipeh: Taiwan.
- DeMaio, P. (2009). Bike-sharing: History, Impacts, Models of Provision, and Future. Journal of Public Transportation 12 (4), 41-56.
- EMBARQ Türkiye. (2014). İstanbul Tarihi Yarımada yayalaştırma projesi mevcut durum değerlendirilmesi. Retrieved May 2, 2018, from www.embarqturkiye.org
- Gehl Architects and EMBARQ. (2011). Istanbul public space public life. Retrieved October 11, 2018, from https://issuu.com/gehlarchitects/docs/issuu_998_istanbul-public- spaces- pu/48
- INRIX. (2018). Global traffic scorecard. Retrieved October 11, 2018, from http://inrix.com/scorecard-city/?city=Istanbul&index=2 Istanbul ranked 15th most congested city in the world. (2017). Hurriyet Daily News. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/istanbul-ranked-15th-most-congested-city-in-world--110036
- Lozano, A., De Paz, J., Gonzalez, G., V., Iglesia, D. and Bajo, J. (2018). Multi-Agent System for Demand Prediction and Trip Visualization in Bike Sharing Systems. Journal of Applied Sciences. Retrieved from: www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci Retrieved on 12 October 2018.
- Mátrai, T. and Tóth, J. (2016). Comparative assessment of public bike sharing systems. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 2344–2351. DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.261
- Midgley, P. (2011). Bike-sharing schemes: Enhancing sustainable mobility in urban areas. Commission on Sustainable Development 19, Background Paper 8, 1–24.
- Mobiett. (2018). Mobiett. [Mobile application software]. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.iett.istanbul/tr/main/pages/mobiett/775
- Öztaş, Ç. (2015). Transport policies in Istanbul. Presentation at sciencespo. Retrieved October 10, 2018, from http://wrisehirler.org/medya/transport-policies-istanbul-l-%C3%A7i%C4%9Fdem-%C3%A7%C3%B6rek-%C3%B6zta%C5%9F-l-sciencepo
- Pucher, J. and Buehler, R. (2017). Cycling towards a more sustainable transport future. Transportation Reviews, 37 (6), 689-694, DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1340234
- Saltzman, R. and Bradford, R. (2016). Simulating a mode Efficient Bike System. Journal of Supply Chain and Operations Management, 14(2), 36-47.
- Sopher, H., Shauman, D. and Kalay, Y. (2016). Simulating Human Behavior in (un)Built Environments: Using an Actor Profiling Method. International Journal of Computer, Electrical, Automation and Information Engineering, 10(12), 2030-2040. Retrieved from scholar.waset.org/1999.4/10006638
- Superpool (2017). Istanbul bike map. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.superpool.org/index.php/research/istanbul-bike-map
- VisitCopenhagen. (2019). Bike city Copenhagen. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/sightseeing/bike-city-copenhagen
- Vogel, P., Greiser, T. and Mattfeld, D.C. (2011). Understanding bike-sharing systems using Data Mining: Exploring activity patterns. Procedia Social Behavioral Sciences, 20, 514–523.
- Yandex. (2018). Yandex Harita. Retrieved October 12, 2018, from https://yandex.com.tr/harita/11508/istanbul
- Yang, Z., Shu, Y., Cheng, P., Chen, J. and Moscibroda, T. (2016). Mobility modeling and prediction in bike-sharing systems. in proceedings of mobile systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys’16), Singapore.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 |