SAĞLIK TURİZMİ YATIRIMLARININ ETKİNLİĞİNİN ARTIRILMASINA YÖNELİK ÖNCELİKLİ STRATEJİLERİN KÜRESEL BULANIK TOP-DEMATEL YÖNTEMİYLE BELİRLENMESİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık turizmi alanına yapılan yatırımların etkinliğinin artırılmasına yönelik en optimal stratejilerin belirlenmesidir. Bu çerçevede, sağlık turizmi yatırımlarını etkileyen literatür tabanlı 6 kriter belirlenmiştir. Bu kriterler arasından en fazla önem arz edenlerin belirlenebilmesi için küresel bulanık TOP-DEMATEL yöntemi kullanılarak bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın literatüre olan temel katkısı sağlık turizmi yatırımlarının performansı üzerinde en fazla öneme sahip olan faktörlerin tespit edilmesidir. Bu durum sağlık turizmi yatırımlarının etkinliğinin ve verimliliğinin arttırılabilmesine önemli ölçüde katkı sağlamaktadır. Öte yandan, bu çalışmadaki en önemli metodolojik özgünlük ise TOP-DEMATEL isimli yeni bir karar verme tekniğinin geliştirilmesidir. Elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre, sağlık turizmi yatırımlarına etki eden önemli kriter sağlık hizmetlerinin maliyetlerinin makul seviyede olması olarak bulunmuştur. Etkin devlet teşviklerinin ve politikalarının olması da bu süreci etkileyen bir diğer önemli kriter olarak bulunmuştur. Maliyetlerin makul düzeyde olması sağlandığı taktirde diğer sağlık turizmi destinasyonlarına göre rekabet avantajı elde edilmesi mümkün olacaktır. Ayrıca, karlılık oranının da artmasına olanak sağlayarak yatırımların sürekliliği de sağlanmış olacaktır. Bu bağlamda, kapsamlı bir finansal analiz yapılarak sağlık turizmi kapsamında sunulacak hizmetlerin maliyet etkinliğinin sağlanabilmesi gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Sağlık turizmi
• sağlık harcamaları
• bulanık mantık
• Sağlık Politikaları

Determination of Priority Strategies for Increasing the Efficiency of Health Tourism Investments by Spherical Fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL Method

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the most optimal strategies for increasing the efficiency of investments made in the field of health tourism. In this framework, 6 literature-based criteria affecting health tourism investments have been determined. To identify the most important ones among these criteria, an analysis has been carried out using the global fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL method. In this context, the main contribution of the study to the literature is to determine the factors that have the most importance on the performance of health tourism investments. This makes a significant contribution to increasing the efficiency and productivity of health tourism investments. On the other hand, the most important methodological originality in this study is the development of a new decision-making technique called TOP-DEMATEL. According to the results of the analysis obtained, the important criterion affecting health tourism investments is the reasonable costs of health services. The existence of effective government incentives and policies is also found as another important criterion affecting this process. If the costs are provided at a reasonable level, it will be possible to gain a competitive advantage over other health tourism destinations. In addition, it will enable the profitability rate to increase, and the continuity of investments will be ensured. In this context, it is necessary to ensure the cost-effectiveness of the services to be provided within the scope of health tourism by making a comprehensive financial analysis

Keywords

• Health Tourism
• ; Health Expenditures
• Healthcare Policy
• Fuzzy Logic

References

1. Ağazade, S., & Ergün, A. (2022). Health Tourism Revenues and Real Exchange Rate Relationship in Türkiye. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 1-18.
2. Bashiri, A., Alizamini, S. M. M., & Nasrabadi, M. M. (2021). Analysis of factors affecting health tourism in the COVID-19 crisis using fuzzy EDAS method. International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications, 12(Special Issue), 1175-1188.
3. Büyüközkan, G., Mukul, E., & Kongar, E. (2021). Health tourism strategy selection via SWOT analysis and integrated hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP-MABAC approach. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 74, 100929.
4. Dalkıran, G. B. (2023). Health Tourism Components and Intermediary Institutions as Supplier Businesses in the Context of Health 4.0. In Health 4.0 and Medical Supply Chain (pp. 147-162). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore
5. Dryglas, D., & Salamaga, M. (2018). Segmentation by push motives in health tourism destinations: A case study of Polish spa resorts. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 234-246.
6. Dinçer, H., Yüksel, S., & Eti, S. (2023). Identifying the right policies for increasing the efficiency of the renewable energy transition with a novel fuzzy decision-making model. Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Analytics, 1(1), 50-62.
7. Dinçer, H., Eti, S., Yuksel, S., Gokalp, Y., & Celebi, B. (2022). Strategy Generation for Risk Minimization of Renewable Energy Technology Investments in Hospitals with SF TOP-DEMATEL Methodology. Journal of Computational and Cognitive Engineering.
8. Eti, S., Dinçer, H., Yüksel, S., & Gökalp, Y. (2023). Analysis of the suitability of the solar panels for hospitals: A new fuzzy decision-making model proposal with the T-spherical TOP-DEMATEL method. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 44(3), 4613-4625

9. Eti, S., Dinçer, H., Yüksel, S., Uslu, Y. D., Gökalp, Y., Kalkavan, H., ... & Pinter, G. (2023). Determination of priority criteria in green building transformation: An analysis on the service industry. Research in Globalization, 7, 100164.
10. Favargiotti, S., Pasquali, M., Chioni, C., & Pianegonda, A. (2022). Water Resources and Health Tourism in Val di Sole: Key Elements for Innovating with Nature in the Italian Inner Territories. Sustainability, 14(18), 11294.
11. Gkinton, E., Telonis, G., Halkiopoulos, C., & Boutsinas, B. (2022, September). Quality of Life and Health Tourism: A Conceptual Roadmap of Enhancing Cognition and Well-Being. In International Conference of the International Association of Cultural and Digital Tourism (pp. 651-666). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
12. Jamin, A., Rahmafitria, F., & Nurazizah, G. R. (2020, December). Rebuilding health tourism destination image after Covid-19: The case of Malaysia and Indonesia. In 2020 IEEE 8th R10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
13. Jiang, L., Wu, H., & Song, Y. (2022). Diversified demand for health tourism matters: From a perspective of the intra-industry trade. Social Science & Medicine, 293, 114630.
14. Küçükkambak, S. E. E. (2023). Image and Branding in Health Tourism. In Global Perspectives on the Opportunities and Future Directions of Health Tourism (pp. 14-39). IGI Global
15. Liu, Y., Wang, R., & Zhao, T. (2022, June). Interaction Design in Residence Mode of Health and Tourism. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 72-89). Cham: Springer International Publishing
16. McHale, J. (2010). Health tourism and the UK: some new developments. British Journal of Nursing, 19(14), 926-927.
17. Meera, S., & Vinodan, A. (2019). Attitude towards alternative medicinal practices in wellness tourism market. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 2(3), 278-295.
18. Oflaz, F., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Eti, S. (2023). A novel fuzzy decision-making methodology for ranking energy storage investments in emerging economies. Decision Analytics Journal, 9, 100345.
19. Özdağoğlu, A., Keleş, M. K., & Eren, F. Y. (2019). Sağlık İşletmelerinde Nefelometre Cihazı Alternatiflerinin Değerlendirilmesi–Dematel-Multımoora Bütünleşik Yaklaşımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 275-299.
20. Özdemirci, F., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Eti, S. (2023). An assessment of alternative social banking systems using T-Spherical fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL approach. Decision Analytics Journal, 100184.
21. Panteli, A., Kompothrekas, A., Halkiopoulos, C., & Boutsinas, B. (2021, June). An innovative recommender system for health tourism. In Culture and Tourism in a Smart, Globalized, and Sustainable World: 7th International Conference of IACuDiT, Hydra, Greece, 2020 (pp. 649-658). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
22. Pessot, E., Spoladore, D., Zangiacomi, A., & Sacco, M. (2021). Natural resources in health tourism: a systematic literature review. Sustainability, 13(5), 2661.
23. Salehi-Esfahani, S., Ridderstaat, J., & Ozturk, A. B. (2021). Health tourism in a developed country with a dominant tourism market: the case of the United States’ travellers to Canada. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(4), 536-553.
24. Sarker, M., Kasem, N., Wong, B. K. M., & Moghavvemi, S. (2022). Conceptualizing essential components affecting health tourism satisfaction in asia: does context matter?. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 23(5), 1107-1135.
25. Sayin, E., & Güvenek, E. S. B. (2019). Sağlık Turizmindeki Teşvik ve Desteklerin Sağlık Turizmine Etkileri: Türkiye İçin Müdahale Analizi. Journal of Academic Value Studies, (5), 994-1008
26. Shabankareh, M., Nazarian, A., Golestaneh, M. H., & Dalouchi, F. (2023). Health tourism and government supports. International Journal of Emerging Markets.
27. Sun, S., Zhong, L., Law, R., Li, X., Deng, B., & Yang, L. (2022). Health tourism evolution: a review based on bibliometric analysis and the China national knowledge infrastructure database. Sustainability, 14(16), 10435.
28. Szromek, A. R., Puciato, D., Markiewicz-Patkowska, J. I., & Colmekcioglu, N. (2022). Health tourism enterprises and adaptation for sustainable development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, (ahead-of-print).
29. Taş, M. A., & Çakir, E. (2022). A hybrid fuzzy MCDM approach for sustainable health tourism sites evaluation. In Handbook of Research on Advances and Applications of Fuzzy Sets and Logic (pp. 77-104). IGI Global. Toprak, D. K., & Şahin, B. (2012). Sağlık bakanlığı hastanelerine yapılan hasta şikâyetlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Sağlıkta performans ve kalite dergisi, 3(1), 1-28.
30. Uygun, M., & Ekiz, E. (2016). An Overview of Health tourism within the context of Turkey’s Tourism Strategy (2023). Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 14(1), 18-26.
31. Wilco, C. W. H., Luo, J., Zhang, C., & Kuo, A. (2022). Acupuncture as a new cultural tourism product in Greater Bay Area–Stakeholders’ perspectives. Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 32(1), 114-128.
32. Wirawan, H., Salam, R., Normawati, N., Paramarta, V., & Sunarsi, D. (2023). Predicting turnover intention in Indonesian public organisations: investigating the effect of citizen and workplace incivility, and job insecurity. International Journal of Public Sector Management.
33. Yıldız, M., Aydin, M. A., Gökçay, G., Kizilarslan, V., & Yaman, U. (2023). The effect of intercultural sensitivity and ethnocentrism on health tourism awareness level in nurses: Analysis with machine learning approach. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.
34. Zhong, L., Sun, S., Law, R., Li, X., & Deng, B. (2023). Health tourism in China: a 40-year bibliometric analysis. Tourism Review, 78(1), 203-217.