Abstract

Mal ve sermaye akışı özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı’nın sona ermesi ile hızlanmış, doğrudan yabancı sermaye (DYS) yatırımlarının birikimini ve bununla birlikte dünyanın pek çok yerinde de çokuluslu işletmelerin (ÇUİŞ) uğraşılarının artmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Ancak, DYS yatırımlarının önemli bir devinim kazanması 1980’ler sonrasında olmuştur. DYS yatırımlarının özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişen ülkelere akması bilgi, teknik beceri, teknoloji, finansal sermaye ve insan kaynağı aktarımını kolaylaştırmış ve de ülkelerin iktisaden gelişmesine ve kalkınmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Türkiye açısındansa, DYS yatırımları 1980 öncesi çok önem kazanamamış, 1990’lar sonrası artmaya başlamış ve ancak 2000’ler sonrası özelleştirme uygulamaları ile tepe yapmıştır. Türkiye’de DYS politikaları ve özelleştirme, 2002 yılı sonbaharında Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) Hükümeti’nin iktidara gelmesi ile büyük önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye’de birçok çevre AKP’nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarının başarılı olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Ancak, çeşitli makroekonomik değerler göz önüne alındığında AKP’nin özelleştirme politikalarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ekonomik gücü ve bağımsızlığı açısından bir başarısızlık olduğu söylenebilir. Dolayısı ile, bu çalışmanın amacı DYS kuramı üzerinde durarak, Türkiye’nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarını eleştirel açıdan tenkit etmek ve bu konudaki AKP politikalarının başarısızlığını ortaya koymaktır

Keywords

• DYY, özelleştirme, Türkiye, ekonomi, büyüme, ÇUİŞ

FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY

Abstract

The flow of capital and commodity have gained acceleration after the World War II and eased the accumulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) and international business operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in various parts of the world subsequently. Yet, the flow of FDI reached its significant momentum after 1980s in the world as a major catalyst. The flow of FDI, especially from developed to developing countries, facilitated the exchange of knowledge, know–how, technology, capital and human source at a great extent, as well as contributed the economic growth and development of states. Moreover, the FDI heritage of Turkey did not gain much importance before 1980s, acquired momentum after 1990s and peaked after 2000s coupling with the privatization policies. The privatization and FDI policies of Turkey have changed considerably after the AKP Government (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Justice and Development Party) came to power in the Fall of 2002. Many authorities in Turkey assert that the FDI and privatization policy of AKP government is a success. Yet, when the macro indicators concerning Turkey are considered, one can comprehend that the FDI and privatization policy of AKP government is failure with respect to enhancing the economic conditions and economic sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to unfold the realities of the FDI and privatization policy of Turkey and that of AKP government, develop a critical approach and illustrate the failure of the policies of governing authorities

Keywords

• FDI, privatization, Turkey, economy, growth, MNEs

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