Yetenek Seçimi Süreçlerine Çok Disiplinli Yaklaşımlar: Bütünsel Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu derleme, spor bilimlerinde yetenek seçimi ve sporcu gelişimine yönelik çağdaş yaklaşımları disiplinler arası bir bakış açısıyla analiz etmektedir. Fiziksel muayeneler, motor beceri değerlendirmeleri ve antrenör gözlemleri gibi geleneksel değerlendirme yöntemleri uzun süredir sporcu seçiminin temelini oluşturmaktadır; ancak son literatür bu yöntemlerin sınırlılıklarını vurgulamaktadır. Buna paralel olarak, araştırmalar giderek artan bir şekilde psikolojik özellikleri, sosyal destek sistemlerini, genetik ve biyolojik göstergeleri ve yapay zekâ, giyilebilir sensörler ve video analitiği gibi dijital teknolojilerin kullanımını kapsamaktadır. Bu makale, Uzun Vadeli Sporcu Gelişim Modeli ve Spor Katılımının Gelişim Modeli gibi yaygın olarak uygulanan gelişim çerçevelerini hem güçlü yönlerini hem de pratik kısıtlamalarını ele alarak ele almaktadır. Ayrıca, seçim uygulamalarını şekillendiren etik hususları, kültürel bağlamları ve bireysel farklılıkları değerlendirmektedir. Çeşitli alanlardan kanıtları sentezleyerek derleme, yalnızca mevcut performansı değil aynı zamanda uzun vadeli gelişim potansiyelini de ele alan bütünleştirici, etik temelli ve kültürel açıdan duyarlı stratejilere olan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Sağlanan bilgiler, spor bilimcilerine, antrenörlere ve politika yapıcılara daha kapsayıcı ve geleceğe yönelik yetenek geliştirme sistemleri tasarlamalarında rehberlik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• multidisipliner yetenek yaklaşımı
• psikolojik faktörler
• sporcu gelişimi
• spor bilimlerinde etik
• Yetenek seçimi

Multidisciplinary Approaches to Talent Selection Processes: An Integrative Review

Öz

This review analyses contemporary approaches to talent selection and athlete development in sport sciences from a multidisciplinary perspective. Traditional assessment methods such as physical examinations, motor skills evaluations, and coach observations have long served as the foundation of athlete selection; however, recent literature highlights their limitations. In parallel, research increasingly incorporates psychological attributes, social support systems, genetic and biological indicators, and the use of digital technologies including artificial intelligence, wearable sensors, and video analytics. This article discusses widely applied developmental frameworks, such as the Long-Term Athlete Development Model and the Developmental Model of Sport Participation, addressing both their strengths and practical constraints. In addition, it evaluates the ethical considerations, cultural contexts, and individual differences that shape selection practices. By synthesising evidence from diverse domains, the review emphasises the need for integrative, ethically grounded, and culturally sensitive strategies that address not only present performance but also long-term developmental potential. The insights provided aim to guide sports scientists, coaches, and policymakers in designing more inclusive and future-oriented talent development systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multidisciplinary Talent Approach
• Psychological Factors
• Athlete Development
• Ethics in Sports Sciences
• Talent Selection

Kaynakça

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