Destek, Bağlılık ve Çalışma Koşulları: İş ve Meslek Danışmanlarının Deneyimlerinden Nitel Kanıtlar

Year 2025, Issue: 40, 355 - 373, 15.10.2025

Kübra Bozma

https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1772197

Abstract

Mesleki bağlılık ve algılanan örgütsel destek, çalışanların motivasyonu ve hizmet kalitesi açısından kritik kavramlar olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’de iş ve meslek danışmanları (İMD) bağlamında bu iki kavramın nasıl şekillendiği ve hangi kurumsal, psikososyal ve bölgesel koşullardan etkilendiği yeterince açıklığa kavuşmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın araştırma problemi, İMD’lerin mesleki bağlılıklarının ve örgütsel destek algılarının hangi faktörler tarafından belirlendiği ve bu deneyimlerin mesleki kimliklerini nasıl etkilediğidir.
Çalışma, 2025 yılında Erzurum’da İŞKUR bünyesinde görev yapan 16 katılımcı (11 İMD, 4 memur, 1 yönetici) ile gerçekleştirilen 90 dakikalık tek oturumluk bir odak grup görüşmesine dayanmaktadır. Katılımcılar, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş; çeşitlilik (yaş, cinsiyet, deneyim yılı) gözetilmiştir. Görüşmeler ses kaydı alınarak yürütülmüş, sözel ifadeler araştırmacı tarafından yazıya dökülmüş ve alan notları ile desteklenmiştir. Veriler, Braun ve Clarke’ın (2006) tematik analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiş; kodlama süreci yinelenerek güvenilirlik %85’in üzerinde sağlanmıştır. Bulgular, katılımcı teyidi ile desteklenmiş ve COREQ raporlama standartlarına uygun biçimde sunulmuştur.
Analiz sonucunda beş ana tema belirlenmiştir: (1) Mesleki kimliğin anlam dünyası ve duygusal yük, (2) örgütsel yapı ve destek algısı, (3) rol belirsizliği ve görev muğlaklığı, (4) çalışma koşulları ve psikososyal iklim, (5) bölgesel ve yapısal faktörlerin etkisi. Bulgular, İMD’lerin mesleklerini vicdani sorumluluk ve duygusal emekle özdeşleştirdiklerini, ancak kurumsal tanınırlık eksikliği, rol belirsizliği, performans baskısı, psikolojik destek yetersizliği ve yerel işgücü piyasası koşullarının bağlılığı zayıflattığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Mesleki Bağlılık , Örgütsel Destek , İş ve Meslek Danışmanları , Odak Grup.

Support, Commitment, and Working Conditions: Qualitative Evidence from the Experiences of Job and Career Counselors

Abstract

Although professional commitment and perceived organizational support are critical concepts for employee motivation and service quality, their formation and the institutional, psychosocial, and regional conditions influencing them remain underexplored in the context of employment counselors (İMDs) in Türkiye. The research problem of this study is to identify the factors that determine İMDs’ professional commitment and perceptions of organizational support, and to examine how these experiences shape their professional identities.

The study is based on a single 90-minute focus group conducted in Erzurum in 2025 with 16 participants employed at İŞKUR (11 counselors, 4 clerks, and 1 manager). Participants were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring diversity in age, gender, and years of experience. The session was audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim by the researcher, and supplemented with field notes. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis approach, with iterative coding ensuring reliability above 85%. Findings were validated through participant confirmation and reported in line with COREQ standards.

Five main themes emerged: (1) the meaning world of professional identity and emotional burden, (2) organizational structure and perceived support, (3) role ambiguity and task uncertainty, (4) working conditions and psychosocial climate, and (5) the influence of regional and structural factors. Results indicate that İMDs associate their profession with conscientious responsibility and emotional labor, but their commitment is weakened by limited institutional recognition, role ambiguity, performance pressure, insufficient psychological support, and local labor market conditions.

Keywords

Professional Commitment , Organizational Support , Employment Counselors , Focus Group.

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