The Relationship of Temperament and Character with Substance Use

Abstract

This review aims to synthesize the studies focusing on the relationship between the temperament and character dimensions of Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory and substance abuse. A literature search including research articles, meta-analysis, and longitudinal studies was conducted. The findings from the included studies suggest the temperament trait of Novelty Seeking emerging as a consistent risk factor for initiation and sustaining of use of multiple types of substances. Latest research also points to gender and substance type – specific differences in personality profiles of women with opioid addiction compared to women with alcohol addiction. The combination of high Novelty Seeking and low Harm Avoidance, predicts earlier onset substance abuse with relatively worse prognosis. Amongst character dimensions, low Self-Directedness emerges as an important factor to understand transition from substance use to addiction. Neurobiological evidence suggests overlapping neural circuits that modulate both personality traits and drug reward in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. In conclusion, TCI offers a strong framework to understand individual proneness, to identify at-risk populations, to individualize treatment approaches, and to predict treatment outcomes. The incorporation of personality assessment into clinical practice may have significant value for prevention and treatment of substance use disorders.

Keywords

• Temperament and Character Inventory
• TCI
• substance use disorders
• addiction
• personality
• novelty seeking

Mizaç ve Karakter ile Madde Kullanımı İlişkisi

Abstract

Bu derleme, Cloninger’in Mizaç ve Karakter Envanteri’nin (TCI) mizaç ve karakter boyutları ile madde kullanımı arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan çalışmaları sentezlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma makaleleri, meta-analizler ve boylamsal çalışmalar dahil olmak üzere bir literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dahil edilen çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgular, Yenilik Arayışı mizaç özelliğinin çeşitli türde maddelerin kullanımına başlama ve sürdürmede tutarlı bir risk faktörü olduğunu göstermektedir. Son araştırmalar ayrıca, opioid bağımlılığı olan kadınlarla alkol bağımlılığı olan kadınlar arasında cinsiyete ve madde türüne özgü kişilik profili farklılıklarını da ortaya koymaktadır. Yüksek Yenilik arayışı ile düşük Zarardan Kaçınma kombinasyonu, daha erken başlangıçlı madde kullanımını ve nispeten daha kötü prognozu öngörmektedir. Karakter boyutları arasında, düşük Kendini Yönetme, madde kullanımından bağımlılığa geçişi anlamak için önemli bir faktör olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Nörobiyolojik kanıtlar, hem kişilik özelliklerini hem de madde ödüllendirmesini modüle eden mezokortikolimbik dopamin sisteminde örtüşen nöral devreleri göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, MKE, bireysel yatkınlığı anlamak, risk altındaki grupları belirlemek, tedavi yaklaşımlarını kişiselleştirmek ve tedavi sonuçlarını öngörmek için güçlü bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Kişilik değerlendirmelerinin klinik uygulamalara entegre edilmesi, madde kullanım bozukluklarının önlenmesi ve tedavisinde önemli bir değer taşıyabilir.

Keywords

• Mizaç ve Karakter Envanteri
• MKE
• madde kullanım bozuklukları
• bağımlılık
• kişilik
• yenilik arayışı

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