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Relationships of Mobile Phone Use with the Functions and Disabilities of Neck and Upper Extremity

Year 2022, Issue: 18, 721 - 733, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.983050

Abstract

Aim: To determine the effects of mobile phone use on fine motor functions, neck, and upper limb disability values.
Methods: Time duration of mobile phone use was recorded for a week. Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was used to determine the risk level about posture while texting message on phones. Neck Disability Index (NDI) for neck pain and functional disability of neck on activities of daily life, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand-Function/Symptom (DASH-FS) for the limitation in the functions of upper limb, Jebson Taylor Hand Function test for fine motor function.
Results: Two hundred and seventy individuals (141 women, 129 men) whose mean ages were 21,48±1,86 years were included. While a significant correlation between duration of phone use and NDI score was specified (r=0,172; p=0,005), no significant correlation was found between duration of phone use and DASH-FS scores (r=0,092; p=0,130). It was found that there was a negative significant relationship between the duration of phone use and the total function score of the left hand and throwing small objects (p<0,01). According to RULA 95,6% of individuals have unacceptable phone usage postures, but no significant relationship was found between ergonomic risk level and NDI values, DASH-FS values, and hand functions (p>0,05).
Conclusion: Although increased duration of phone use could cause neck problems, manual ability may be positively affected. In addition, since most participants have a poor posture while using a mobile phone, it is thought that this may be a risk factor for more musculoskeletal problems in older ages.

References

  • Karaaslan İ, Budak L. Üniversite öğrencilerinin cep telefonu özelliklerini kullanımlarının ve gündelik iletişimlerine etkisinin araştırılması. e-J o Y. 2012;26(7):4548-4571.
  • Juul J. A casual revolution: Reinventing video games and their players. USA: MIT press; 2010.
  • TÜİK. Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1028. Yayınlanma tarihi 2016. Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2022
  • Statista. Number of mobile phone users worldwide from 2015 to 2020 (in billions). https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide. Yayınlanma tarihi 2021. Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2022
  • Aktaş H, Yılmaz N. Üniversite gençlerinin yalnızlık ve utangaçlık unsurları açısından akıllı telefon bağımlılığı. Int J Soc Sci Educ Res. 2017;3(1):85-100.
  • Gustafsson E, Johnson PW, Hagberg M. Thumb postures and physical loads during mobile phone use–A comparison of young adults with and without musculoskeletal symptoms. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2010;20(1):127-135.
  • Kim HJ, Kim JS. The relationship between smartphone use and subjective musculoskeletal symptoms and university students. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(3):575-579.
  • Berolo S, Wells RP, Amick BC. Musculoskeletal symptoms among mobile hand-held device users and their relationship to device use: A preliminary study in a Canadian university population. Appl Ergon. 2011;42:371–378.
  • Eapen C, Kumar B, Bhat AK. Prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders in cell phone users. J Musculoskelet Res. 2010;13(03):137-145.
  • Gupta AD, Mahalanabis D. Study of hand function in a group of shoe factory workers engaged in repetitive work. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16(4):675–84.
  • Vacaru MA, Shepherd, RM, Sheridan J. New Zealand youth and their relationships with mobile phone technology. Int Journal Ment Health Addict. 2014;12(5):572-584.
  • Ko K, Kim HS, Woo JH. The study of muscle fatigue and risks of musculoskeletal system disorders from text inputting on smartphone. J Ergo Soc Korea. 2013;32:273–278.
  • Ulusam S, Kurt M, Dülgeroğlu D. Bilgisayar kullananlarda birikimli travma bozuklukları. MSG Der. 2015;2(6):26-32.
  • Lee M, Hong Y, Lee S, et al. The effects of smartphone use on upper extremity muscle activity and pain threshold. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1743-1745.
  • Awasthi S, Kaur A, Solanki HK, Pamei G, Bhatt M. Smartphone use and the quality of life of medical students in the Kumaun Region, Uttarakhand. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(8):4252-8.
  • Viljanen M, Malmivaara A, Uitti J, Rinne M, Palmroos P, Laippala P. Effectiveness of dynamic muscle training, relaxation training, or ordinary activity for chronic neck pain: Randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2003;327:475-9.
  • Szeto GP, Straker LM, O'Sullivan PB. The effects of speed and force of keyboard operation on neck–shoulder muscle activities in symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers. Int J Ind Ergon. 2005;35(5):429–444.
  • Kim SY, Koo SJ. Effect of duration of smartphone use on muscle fatigue and pain caused by forward head posture in adults. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(6):1669-1672.
  • Kim Y, Kang M, Kim W. Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:10-17.
  • Uysal SA, Arik MI, Yağlı NV. Relation to visual perception and hand functions of speed and legibility of handwriting in healthy adults. JETR. 2016;3(3):102-107.
  • Öztürk N, Esin MN. Investigation of musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risk factors among female sewing machine operators in Turkey. Int J Ind Ergon. 2011;41(6):585-591.
  • Öztürk N, Esin MN. Ergonomik riskleri belirleme: Çalışanın üst ekstremitelerini değerlendirme formu’nun tanıtımı. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi. 2007;8(30):31-37
  • Sığırtmaç İC, Öksüz Ç. Investigation of reliability, validity, and cutoff value of the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test. J Hand Ther. 2020;34(3):396-403.
  • Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, Aras B, Sımsek IE, Yaglı N. The cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of neck disability index in patients with neck pain: A Turkish version study. Spine. 2008;33:362-365.
  • Düger T, Yakut E, Öksüz Ç, et al. Kol, Omuz ve El sorunları (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand - DASH) Anketi Türkçe uyarlamasının güvenirliği ve geçerliği. Turk J Physio Rehabil. 2006;17(3):99-107.
  • Kim Y, Kang M, Kim W. Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:10-17.
  • Park JH, Kang SY, Jeon HS. The effect of using smartphones on neck and shoulder muscle activities and fatigue. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:19-26.
  • Trudeau MB, Asakawa DS, Jindrich DL, Dennerlein JT. Two-handed grip on a mobile phone affords greater thumb motor performance, decreased variability, and a more extended thumb posture than a one-handed grip. Appl Ergon. 2016;52:24-28.
  • Hashimoto D, Kotani K, Suzuki S, Asao T. Influence of posture awareness signals to the upper extremity posture and muscular loads during mobile device use. In: Proceedings 19th Triennial Congress of the IEA. 2015;9(14).
  • Tang M. An investigation of an ergonomic intervention on neck biomechanics and pain due to smartphone use [doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2016.
  • Namwongsa S, Puntumetakul R, Neubert MS, Chaiklieng S, Boucaut R. Ergonomic risk assessment of smartphone users using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool. PloS one. 2018;13(8):e0203394.

Cep Telefonu Kullanımının Boyun ve Üst Ekstremite Fonksiyon ve Bozuklukları ile İlişkisi

Year 2022, Issue: 18, 721 - 733, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.983050

Abstract

Amaç: Cep telefonu kullanımının ince motor fonksiyonlar, boyun ve üst ekstremite özürlülük değerlerine etkisini belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Bir hafta boyunca cep telefonu kullanım süresi kaydedildi. Telefonlarda mesaj yazarken duruşla ilgili risk düzeyini belirlemek için Hızlı Üst Ekstremite Değerlendirmesi (RULA) kullanıldı. Boyun ağrısı ve boynun günlük yaşam aktiviteleri üzerindeki fonksiyonel bozukluğu için Boyun Engellilik İndeksi (NDI), üst ekstremite fonksiyonlarındaki sınırlama için Kol, Omuz ve El Fonksiyonu/Belirti (DASH-FS), ince motor fonksiyonlar için Jebsen Taylor El Fonksiyon Testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaşları ortalama 21,48±1,86 yıl olan 270 birey (141 kadın, 129 erkek) dahil edildi. Telefon kullanım süresi ile NDI puanı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenirken (r=0,172; p=0,005), telefon kullanım süresi ile DASH-FS puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (r=0,092; p=0,130). Telefon kullanım süresi ile sol elin toplam fonksiyon puanı ve küçük nesneleri fırlatma arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0,01). RULA'ya göre bireylerin %95,6'sı kabul edilemez telefon kullanım duruşuna sahiptir ancak ergonomik risk düzeyi ile NDI değerleri, DASH-FS değerleri ve el fonksiyonları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Artan telefon kullanım süresi boyun problemlerine neden olabilse de el becerisi olumlu etkilenebilir. Ayrıca çoğu katılımcıda cep telefonu kullanırken kötü bir duruş saptandığından bu durumun ileri yaşlarda daha fazla kas-iskelet sistemi sorunları için bir risk faktörü olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Karaaslan İ, Budak L. Üniversite öğrencilerinin cep telefonu özelliklerini kullanımlarının ve gündelik iletişimlerine etkisinin araştırılması. e-J o Y. 2012;26(7):4548-4571.
  • Juul J. A casual revolution: Reinventing video games and their players. USA: MIT press; 2010.
  • TÜİK. Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1028. Yayınlanma tarihi 2016. Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2022
  • Statista. Number of mobile phone users worldwide from 2015 to 2020 (in billions). https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide. Yayınlanma tarihi 2021. Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2022
  • Aktaş H, Yılmaz N. Üniversite gençlerinin yalnızlık ve utangaçlık unsurları açısından akıllı telefon bağımlılığı. Int J Soc Sci Educ Res. 2017;3(1):85-100.
  • Gustafsson E, Johnson PW, Hagberg M. Thumb postures and physical loads during mobile phone use–A comparison of young adults with and without musculoskeletal symptoms. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2010;20(1):127-135.
  • Kim HJ, Kim JS. The relationship between smartphone use and subjective musculoskeletal symptoms and university students. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(3):575-579.
  • Berolo S, Wells RP, Amick BC. Musculoskeletal symptoms among mobile hand-held device users and their relationship to device use: A preliminary study in a Canadian university population. Appl Ergon. 2011;42:371–378.
  • Eapen C, Kumar B, Bhat AK. Prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders in cell phone users. J Musculoskelet Res. 2010;13(03):137-145.
  • Gupta AD, Mahalanabis D. Study of hand function in a group of shoe factory workers engaged in repetitive work. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16(4):675–84.
  • Vacaru MA, Shepherd, RM, Sheridan J. New Zealand youth and their relationships with mobile phone technology. Int Journal Ment Health Addict. 2014;12(5):572-584.
  • Ko K, Kim HS, Woo JH. The study of muscle fatigue and risks of musculoskeletal system disorders from text inputting on smartphone. J Ergo Soc Korea. 2013;32:273–278.
  • Ulusam S, Kurt M, Dülgeroğlu D. Bilgisayar kullananlarda birikimli travma bozuklukları. MSG Der. 2015;2(6):26-32.
  • Lee M, Hong Y, Lee S, et al. The effects of smartphone use on upper extremity muscle activity and pain threshold. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1743-1745.
  • Awasthi S, Kaur A, Solanki HK, Pamei G, Bhatt M. Smartphone use and the quality of life of medical students in the Kumaun Region, Uttarakhand. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(8):4252-8.
  • Viljanen M, Malmivaara A, Uitti J, Rinne M, Palmroos P, Laippala P. Effectiveness of dynamic muscle training, relaxation training, or ordinary activity for chronic neck pain: Randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2003;327:475-9.
  • Szeto GP, Straker LM, O'Sullivan PB. The effects of speed and force of keyboard operation on neck–shoulder muscle activities in symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers. Int J Ind Ergon. 2005;35(5):429–444.
  • Kim SY, Koo SJ. Effect of duration of smartphone use on muscle fatigue and pain caused by forward head posture in adults. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(6):1669-1672.
  • Kim Y, Kang M, Kim W. Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:10-17.
  • Uysal SA, Arik MI, Yağlı NV. Relation to visual perception and hand functions of speed and legibility of handwriting in healthy adults. JETR. 2016;3(3):102-107.
  • Öztürk N, Esin MN. Investigation of musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risk factors among female sewing machine operators in Turkey. Int J Ind Ergon. 2011;41(6):585-591.
  • Öztürk N, Esin MN. Ergonomik riskleri belirleme: Çalışanın üst ekstremitelerini değerlendirme formu’nun tanıtımı. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi. 2007;8(30):31-37
  • Sığırtmaç İC, Öksüz Ç. Investigation of reliability, validity, and cutoff value of the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test. J Hand Ther. 2020;34(3):396-403.
  • Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, Aras B, Sımsek IE, Yaglı N. The cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of neck disability index in patients with neck pain: A Turkish version study. Spine. 2008;33:362-365.
  • Düger T, Yakut E, Öksüz Ç, et al. Kol, Omuz ve El sorunları (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand - DASH) Anketi Türkçe uyarlamasının güvenirliği ve geçerliği. Turk J Physio Rehabil. 2006;17(3):99-107.
  • Kim Y, Kang M, Kim W. Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:10-17.
  • Park JH, Kang SY, Jeon HS. The effect of using smartphones on neck and shoulder muscle activities and fatigue. Phys Ther Korea. 2013;20:19-26.
  • Trudeau MB, Asakawa DS, Jindrich DL, Dennerlein JT. Two-handed grip on a mobile phone affords greater thumb motor performance, decreased variability, and a more extended thumb posture than a one-handed grip. Appl Ergon. 2016;52:24-28.
  • Hashimoto D, Kotani K, Suzuki S, Asao T. Influence of posture awareness signals to the upper extremity posture and muscular loads during mobile device use. In: Proceedings 19th Triennial Congress of the IEA. 2015;9(14).
  • Tang M. An investigation of an ergonomic intervention on neck biomechanics and pain due to smartphone use [doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2016.
  • Namwongsa S, Puntumetakul R, Neubert MS, Chaiklieng S, Boucaut R. Ergonomic risk assessment of smartphone users using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool. PloS one. 2018;13(8):e0203394.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Zehra Güçhan Topçu 0000-0001-8587-7407

Ender Angın 0000-0001-7962-7794

Ozde Depreli 0000-0001-7456-8895

İlker Yatar 0000-0003-0498-5233

Serpil Mıhçıoğlu 0000-0001-7186-324X

Hayriye Tomaç This is me 0000-0002-8245-9995

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Acceptance Date December 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 18

Cite

JAMA Güçhan Topçu Z, Angın E, Depreli O, Yatar İ, Mıhçıoğlu S, Tomaç H. Relationships of Mobile Phone Use with the Functions and Disabilities of Neck and Upper Extremity. IGUSABDER. 2022;:721–733.

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