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Abstract

The civil war that has been going on since 2011 in Syria is an armed conflict not of an international character according to law of armed conflict. In order to end the military and political capabilities of opposing structures such as Free Syrian Army, Japhat Al-Nusra and Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham that have been in conflict with the regime with various reasons, Syria government has been using force against them since the beginning of the war. The historical, social, religious and sectarian causes along with the political motivations and decisive goals of the related actors of this conflict have been already analysed widely in several scientific publications. However, the studies which should have been researched  Araştırmacı-Yazar. E-posta: [e-mail] war with regards to law of armed conflict that has been a significant part of the international public law all along are rare. Written for the purpose of to fill this gap, this article asserts that Geneva Conventions which represent the primary sources of law of armed conflict have been gravely breached in this civil war. Pursuant to the remarks of the article, the Baath regime has vialoted the principles of distinction, military necessity, proportionality, unnecessary suffering and humanitarian treatment, which constitute the indispensable fundamentals of law of armed conflict.

Keywords

• Law of armed conflict, distinction, military necessity, proportionality, unnecessary suffering, humanitarian treatment.

Suriye İç Savaşı’nda Silahlı Çatışma Hukuku İhlalleri

Abstract

Suriye’de 2011 yılından beri devam etmekte olan iç savaş, silahlı çatışma hukukuna göre, uluslararası nitelikte olmayan bir silahlı çatışmadır. Suriye, rejime karşı çeşitli saiklerle savaşmakta olan Özgür Suriye Ordusu, El-Nusra Cephesi ve Irak ve Şam İslam Devleti gibi muhalif yapılanmaların askeri ve siyasi varlıklarına son vermek adına, bu unsurlara karşı devletin silahlı kuvvetleri vasıtasıyla savaşın başından beri güç kullanmaktadır. Çatışmanın tarihsel, sosyal, dinsel ve mezhepsel nedenleri ile aktörlerin siyasi motivasyonları ve amaçları çeşitli bilimsel yayınlarda geniş ölçüde incelenmiştir. Ancak savaşın uluslararası hukukun önemli bir dalı olan silahlı çatışma hukuku açısından değerlendirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar literatürde yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu makale sözkonusu boşluğu doldurmak için yazılmış olup, amacı, Suriye iç savaşında silahlı çatışma hukukunun temel kaynağı olan Cenevre Sözleşmeleri’nin ihlalini araştırmaktır. Makalede ortaya konan görüşe göre, Baas rejimi, silahlı çatışma hukukunun beş temel prensibi olan ayırt etme, askeri gereklilik, orantılılık, gereksiz acıya sebebiyet vermeme ve insani davranış ilkelerini ihlal etmiştir.

Keywords

• Silahlı çatışma hukuku, ayırt etme, askeri gereklilik, orantılılık, gereksiz acıya sebebiyet vermeme, insani davranış.

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