Evaluation of the Investment Environment of the Provinces with the Entropi-TOPSIS Method

Abstract

In recent years, policy makers and multinational organizations have increasingly focused on the importance of a sound investment climate in developing countries for economic growth. In this study, 81 provinces were evaluated in terms of investment environment by using incentive, innovation and education criteria. It is thought that this review will give investors an idea about their preference. Entropy method in weighting multiple criteria while evaluating; TOPSIS method was preferred in ordering the alternatives. As a result of the evaluation, it has been seen that the province with the most suitable investment environment is Istanbul, and the province at the bottom in the ranking is Agri.

Keywords

• Investment climate
• multi-criteria decision making
• entropy
• TOPSIS technology
• education

Entropi-TOPSIS Yöntemi ile İllerin Yatırım Ortamının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Son yıllarda, politika yapıcılar ve çok uluslu kuruluşlar, ekonomik büyüme için gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sağlam bir yatırım ortamının önemine giderek daha fazla odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da teşvik, inovasyon ve eğitim kriterleri kullanılarak 81 il yatırım ortamı açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan bu incelemenin yatırımcılara tercih konusunda fikir vereceği düşünülmektedir. Değerlendirme yapılırken çoklu kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılmasında Entropi yöntemi; alternatiflerin sıralanmasında TOPSIS yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonucunda en uygun yatırım ortamına sahip ilin İstanbul olduğu, sıralamada en altta yer alan ilin ise Ağrı olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Yatırım ortamı
• çok kriterli karar verme
• entropi
• TOPSIS teknoloji
• eğitim

References

1. ADAMS, Samuel. 2010. “Intellectual Property Rights, Investment Climate and FDI in Developing Countries”, International Business Research, 3(3), 201-209.
2. AKÇAKANAT, Özen, EREN, Hande, AKSOY, Esra, ÖMÜRBEK, Vesile. 2017. “Bankacılık Sektöründe Entropi ve Waspas Yöntemleri İle Performans Değerlendirmesi”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 285-300.
3. ATERIDO, Reyes, HALLWARD-DRIEMEIER, Mary, PAGES, Carmen. 2007. Investment Climate and Employment Growth: The Impact of Access to Finance, Corruption and Regulations Across Firms, IZA DP No: 3138.
4. BAYRAKTAR, Nihal. 2013. “Foreign Direct Investment and Investment Climate”, Procedia Economics and Finance, 5, 83-92.
5. COOKSEY, Brian, KELSALL, Tim. 2011. The Political Economy of the Investment Climate in Tanzania, Research Report, http://bestdialogue2.antenna.nl/bitstream/handle/20.500.12018/7346/The%20Political%20Economy%20of%20the%20Investment%20Climate%20in%20Tanzania.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y, Erişim: 31.12.2021.
6. ÇAKIN, Enver, ÖZDEMİR, Aslı. 2015. “Bölgesel Gelişmişlikte Ar-Ge ve İnovasyonun Rolü: Dematel Tabanlı Analitik Ağ Süreci (DANP) ve TOPSIS Yöntemleri İle Bölgelerarası Bir Analiz”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(1), 115-144.
7. ÇİFTÇİ, Hakkı. 2015. “Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırım İkliminin Oluşturulmasını Belirleyen Faktörler”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 19(2), 173-192.
8. DOLLAR, David, IAROSSI, Giuseppe, MENGISTAE, Taye. 2002. Investment Climate and Economic Performance: Some Firm Level Evidence from India, Working Paper No.143.

9. ERSHOVA, Nina. 2017. “Investment Climate in Russia and Challenges for Foreign Business: The Case of Japanese Companies”, Journal of Eurasian Studies, 8, 151-160.
10. FANKHAUSER, Samuel, LAVRIC, Lucia. 2003. “The Investment Climate for Climate Investment: Joint Implemantation in Transition Countries”, Climate Policy, 3(4), 417-434.
11. GÜRSOY, Faruk. 2012. “Changing of the Investment Climate of Georgia After the War”, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62, 1303-1307.
12. HALLWARD-DRIEMEIER, Mary, WALLSTEN, Scott, XU, Lixin Colin. 2006. “Ownership, Investment Climate and Firm Performance”, Economics of Transition, 14(4), 629-647.
13. IAROSSI, Giuseppe. 2009. The Investment Climate in 16 Indian States. Policy Researc Working Paper, 4817.
14. IGWE, Paul Agu, AMAUGO, Amarachi Ngozi, OGUNDANA, Oyedele M., EGERE, Odafe Martin, ANIGBO, Juliana Amarachi. 2018. “Factors Affecting the Investment Climate, SMEs Productivity and Entrepreneurship in Nigeria”, European Journal of Sustainable Development, 7(1), 182-200.
15. IRTYSHCHEVA, Inna, KRAMARENKO, Iryna, SHULTS, Svitlana, BOIKO, Yevheniia, BLISHCHUK, Kateryna, HRYSHYNA, Nataliya, POPADYNETS, Nazariy, DUBYNSKA, Iryna, ISHCHENKO, Olena, KRAPYVINA, Daria. 2020. “Building Favorable Investment Climate for Economic Development”, Accounting, 6, 773-780.
16. KARAATLI, Meltem. 2016. “Entropi-Gri İlişkisel Analiz Yöntemleri İle Bütünleşik Bir Yaklaşım: Turizm Sektöründe Uygulama”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 63-77.
17. KARAMI, Amin, JOHANSSON, Ronnie (2014). “Utilization of Multi Attribute Decision Making Techniques to Integrate Automatic and Manual Ranking of Options”, Journal of Information Science and Engineering, 30, 519-534.
18. KINDA, Tidiane, LOENING, Josef L. 2010. “Small Enterprise Growth and the Rural Investment Climate: Evidence from Tanzania”, African Development Review, 22(1), 173-207.
19. NNADOZIE, Emmanuel, NJUGUNA, Angelica E. 2011. “Investment Climate and Foreign Direct Investment in Africa”, 6. African Economic Conference, Ethiopia.
20. OHOTINA, Alina, LAVRINENKO, Olga. 2013. “Influence of the Higher Education on the Investment Climate”, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 1470-1475.
21. OHOTINA, Alina, LAVRINENKO, Olga. 2015. “Education of Employees and Investment Climate of the Region: The View of the Heads of Enterprises", Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 3873-3877.
22. PAL, Debdatta, MITRA, Subrata K., CHATTERJEE, Somdeep. 2022. “Does “Investment Climate” Affect GDP? Panel Data Evidence Using Reduced-Form and Stochastic Frontier Analysis”, Journal of Business Research, 138, 301-310.
23. SEKKAT, Khalid, VEGANZONES-VAROUDAKIS, Marie-Ange. 2007. “Openness, Investment Climate, and FDI in Developing Countries”, Review of Development Economics, 11(4), 607-620.
24. SMITH, Warrick, HALLWARD-DRIEMEIER, Mary. 2005. “Understanding the Investment Climate”, Finance&Development, 42(1), 1-58.
25. WU, Cheng-Ru, LIN, Chin-Tsai, TSAI, Pei-Hsuan. 2008. “Financel Service of Wealth Management Banking: Balanced Scorecard Approach”, Journal of Social Sciences, 4(4), 255-263.
26. YALÇINKAYA, Yalçın, DULUPÇU, Murat Ali, BAYKUL, Ayşegül. 2018. “TOPSIS Yöntemi İle Organize Sanayi Bölgelerinin Yatırım Ortamının Değerlendirilmesi: İBBS Düzey 3 Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 90-107.
27. YULDASHEVNA, Abdullaeva Barchinoy. 2021. “The Digital Economy As A Key Factor in the Formation of a Favourable Investment Climate”, ResearchJet Journal of Analysis and Inventions, 2(12), 1-6.
28. ZHANG, H., GU, C., GU, L., ZHANG, Y. 2011. “The Evaluation of Tourism Destination Competitiveness by TOPSIS & Information Entropy A Case in the Yangtze River Delta of China”, Tourism Management, 32, 443-451.
29. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı, www.sanayi.gov.tr
30. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, www.tuik.gov.tr
31. Yükseköğretim Kurulu, www.yok.gov.tr