2000 Sonrası Dönemde Latin Amerika’daki ABD-Çin Rekabeti

Abstract

Yeni yüzyılın başından itibaren Çin ve ABD arasında yaşanan rekabet genellikle uluslararası sistemdeki Amerikan hegemonyasına karşı bir meydan okuma olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İki büyük gücün arasında yaşanan rekabetin en yoğun olduğu Asya’nın yanısıra, yakın dönemde ABD’nin Monroe Doktrininden beri arka bahçesi olarak gördüğü Latin Amerika’da bu geostratejik mücadelenin görüldüğü alanlardan biri haline gelmiştir. Çin, ABD’nin bölgeye olan ilgisini kaybetmesinden de yararlanarak, son yirmi yılda bu bölgedeki ekonomik, politik ve askeri gücünü önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Çin’in bölgedeki artan etkisini tehdit olarak algılayan ABD, bu durumu önlemeye yönelik adımlar atsa da şu ana kadar kendi adına olumlu bir sonuç alamamıştır. Çin bölgede her geçen gün artan bir şekilde ABD’nin politik ve ekonomik alternatifi olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmada Çin’in bölgede uzun vadeli, iyi planlanmış politikaları sayesinde inkar edilemez bir etkinlik kazandığı ve Çin’in bu durumu Güney Asya’da patlak verebilecek hegemonic bir savaş durumunda ABD’ye karşı bir koz olarak kullanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• ABD-Çin Rekabeti
• Hegemonik Savaş
• Latin Amerika
• Tayvan Krizi
• Çin Dış Politikası

The US-China Rivalry in Latin America After 2000

Abstract

Since the 2000s, the rivalry between the United States and China has been generally perceived as a threat to American hegemony in the international system. Alongside Asia, Latin America has turned into one of the battlefields of geostrategic rivalry. China has been steadily increasing its influence and presence in the region where the US has regarded as its backyard since the declaration of the "Monroe Doctrine". The US has taken some actions to deter China from having a more influential position in the region. China is being considered as a political and economic alternative to the US by Latin American countries. The main argument of this study is that China has gained an undeniable footprint in Latin America thanks to its long-term, well-planned policies; Beijing can use its growing influence in the region as leverage in case of a conflict with the US in the South-Asia area within the context of a hegemonic war.

Keywords

• The US-China Rivalry
• Hegemonic War
• Latin America
• Taiwan Crisis
• Chinese Foreign Policy

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