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Talebe Bağlı Platformlar Döneminde Kültür Ekonomileri, Üretici Güçler ve Üretim İlişkileri Diyalektiğini Yeni Baştan Sorgulamak

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 524 - 539, 31.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1318051

Abstract

Bu çalışma, kültür ekonomilerinin yeni dönemini ve platformlar arasındaki diyalektiği, Türkiye bağlamında tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Platform kapitalizmi olarak adlandırılan yeni kapitalist dönemin, küresel düzeyde sınırlı sayıdaki platformun medya endüstrisi ve bileşenlerinin yeniden yapılandırılmasındaki etkisini ele almaktadır. Siyasal iktisadın eleştirisi ve karşılaştırmalı siyasa analizi yöntemleri doğrultusunda, platformların kapitalist değer üretimindeki işlevi sorgulanmaktadır. Çalışma sonuç bölümünde, Türkiye’nin yakın dönemli ulusal kalkınma planını değerlendirmekte ve Türkiye için kültür ekonomileri alanında bir dizi alternatif öneri geliştirmektedir.

References

  • AZZELINI, Dario; GREER, Ian, UMNEY, Charles (2022). “Why Isn’t There an Uber for Live Music? The Digitalisation of Intermediaries and The Limits of the Platform Economy”. New Technology, Work and Employment. Vol: 37(1). 1-23.
  • Bilgi Toplumu (2015). 2015-2018 Bilgi Toplumu Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı. Ankara: Bilgi Toplumu Dairesi Yayınları.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra, ÖZSU, Gökçe (2023). “Türkiye’de Müzik Endüstrisinde Platformlar ve Algoritmik Kürasyonun Yeni Kültürel Aracılık Rolü-Que Vadis”. Kültür ve İletişim. Vol: 26(1). 108-140.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra; ÖZSU, Gökçe (2022). Türkiye’deki Müzik Endüstrisinde Dijital Dönüşüm: Kültürel Üreticiler ve Platformlaştırma Raporu. Ankara: Alternatif Bilişim Derneği Yayınları.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra; ÖZSU, Gökçe (2023). “Türkiye’de Müzik Endüstrisinde Platformlar ve Algoritmik Kürasyonun Yeni Kültürel Aracılık Rolü-Que Vadis”. Kültür ve İletişim. Vol: 26(1). 108-141.
  • BUCHER, Taiana. (2012). “Wants to be on the top? Algorithmic power and the threat of invisibility on Facebook”. New Media & Society. Vol:14(7). 1164-1180.
  • CHALABY, K. Jean (2023). “The Streaming Industry and the Platform Economy: An Analysis”. Media, Culture & Society. 1-20.
  • CHAN, Keung NGAI; KWORK, Chi (2022). “The Politics of Platform Power in Surveillance Capitalism: A Comparative Case Study of Ride-Hailing Platforms in China and The United States”. Global Media and China. Vol: 7(2). 131-150.
  • DAVIS, Stuart (2021). “What Is Netflix Imperialism: Interrogating The Monopoly Aspirations of The World’s Largest Television Network”. Information, Communication &Society. 1-21.
  • ELLIOT, Anthony (2019). The Culture of AI: Everyday Life and The Digital Revolution. London and New York: Routledge Publications.
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2022). “Antitrust: Commission Fines Google 2.44 billion for Abusing Dominance as Searh Engine by giving Illegal Advantage to Own Comparision Shopping Service”. http://www.ec.europa.eu. Erişim Tarihi: 11.04.2023.
  • FLEW, Terry (2021). Regulating Platforms. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • FLEW, Terry, MARTIN, Fiona, SUZOR, Nicolas (2019). “Internet Regulation as Media Policy: Rethinking The Question of Digital Communication Platform Governance”. Journal of Digital Media & Policy. Vol: 10(1). 33-50.
  • FUCHS, Christian (2014). Digital Emek ve Karl Marx: Kapitalizm mi? Enformasyon Toplumu mu? Çev: Tahir Emre Kalayca ve Senem Oğuz. İstanbul: Nota Bene Yayınları.
  • HESMONDHALGH, David (2019). The Cultural Industries. London and New York: Sage Publications.
  • HESMONDHALGH, David (2021). “Is Music Streaming Platforms Bad for Musicians? Problems of Evidence and Argument”. New Media & Society. Vol: 23(12). 3593-3615.
  • LENA, Funda (2018). Türkiye’nin Müzik Endüstrisinde Çeşit(SİZ)lik. İstanbul: Kreksa Kültür Yayınları.
  • LIZZIE, Richardson (2019). “Culturalisation and Devices: What is Culture in Cultural Economy”. Journal of Cultural Economy. Vol: 12(3). 228-241. ,
  • MARKS, Karl (2000).Kapital: Birinci Cilt. Çev: Alaattin Bilgi. Ankara: Sol Yayınları.
  • MULDOON, James; RAEKSTAD, Paul (2022). “Algorithmic Domination in the Gig Economy”. European Journal of Political Theory. 1-21.
  • NICOLI, Nicholas ve IOSIFIDIS, Petros (2023). “EU Digital Economy Competition Policy: From Ex-Post to Ex-Ante. The Case of Alphabet, Amazon, Apple and Meta”. Global Media and China. Vol: 8(1). 24-38.
  • NIEBORG, B. David; DUFFY, Brooke Erin; POELL, Thomas (2020). “Studying Platforms and Cultural Production: Methods, Institutions, and Practices”. Social Media + Society. July-September. 1-7.
  • NIEBORG, B. David; DUFFY, Brooke Erin; POELL, Thomas (2022). Platforms and Cultural Produciton. London: Polity Publications.
  • OECD (2021). Strenthening Economic Resillence Following The COVID-19 Crisis: A Firm and Industry Perspective. Paris: OECD Publications.
  • PATEL, Stockley Sam; SWORDS, John (2023). “Cultural and innovation intermediation in the cultural-creative industries”. Creative Industries Journal. 1-23.
  • QU, Shuwen, HESMONDHALGH, David, XIAO, Jian (2021). “Music Streaming Platforms and Self-Realising Musicians: The Case of China”. Information, Communication & Society. 1-21.
  • SANDOVAL, Marisol (2020). “Entrepreneurial Activism? Platform Coopretivism Between Subversion and Co-Optation”. Critical Sociologly. Vol: 46(6). 801-817.
  • SCHUMPETER, A. Joseph (2000). Capitalism, Socialism & Democracy: With a New Introduction by Richard Swedberg. London and New York: Routledge Publications.
  • SHARMA, Padmini (2020). “Digitalisation and Precarious Work Practices in Alternative Economies: Work Organization and Work Relations in E-Cab Services”. Economic and Industrial Democracy. Vol: 43(2). 559-584.
  • SRNICEK, Nick (2017). Platform Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • STATISTA (2023a). “Internet Companies Ranked Revenue 2017-2022”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023b). “Türkiye’de Akış Platformlarının Pazar Oranları”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023c). “Demographics Turkey”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023d). “Music Streaming Revenue Worldwide 2005-2022”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2023.
  • STEINBERG, Marc (2021). “From Automobile Capitalism to Platform Capitalism: Toyotism As a Prehistory of Digital Platforms”. Organization Studies. 1-22.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı (2019). 100. Yıl Türkiye Planı: On Birinci Kalkınma Planı (2019-2023). Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı Yayınları.
  • Türkiye Dizini (2023). “Anahtar Kelimeler Üzerinden Gelişmiş Arama”. http://www.trdizin.gov.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 09.05.2023.
  • UNESCO (2023a). “Gaziantep: Creative Cities Network”. http://www.en.unesco.org/creative cities. Erişim Tarihi: 08.04.2023.
  • UNESCO (2023b). “Hatay: Creative Cities Network”. http://www.en.unesco.org/creative cities. Erişim Tarihi: 08.04.2023.

Re-questioning the Dialectic of Cultural Economies, Productive Forces and Production Relations in the Era of On-Demand Platforms

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 524 - 539, 31.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1318051

Abstract

This study has aims to discussion on the new era of cultural economies and the on-demand platforms dialectics between platforms through a discussion that it has set up in Turkey. To a large degree, discussing the impact of a limited number of global platforms brought to the fore by the new era of capitalism, also called platform capitalism, on the restructuring of the media industry and its components, the study questions the function of platforms in the production of capitalist value through the critique of political economy and comparative policy analysis method. In the conclusion part of the study, it evaluates Turkey's near-term national development plan and develops a series of alternative proposals for Turkey in the field of cultural economies.

References

  • AZZELINI, Dario; GREER, Ian, UMNEY, Charles (2022). “Why Isn’t There an Uber for Live Music? The Digitalisation of Intermediaries and The Limits of the Platform Economy”. New Technology, Work and Employment. Vol: 37(1). 1-23.
  • Bilgi Toplumu (2015). 2015-2018 Bilgi Toplumu Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı. Ankara: Bilgi Toplumu Dairesi Yayınları.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra, ÖZSU, Gökçe (2023). “Türkiye’de Müzik Endüstrisinde Platformlar ve Algoritmik Kürasyonun Yeni Kültürel Aracılık Rolü-Que Vadis”. Kültür ve İletişim. Vol: 26(1). 108-140.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra; ÖZSU, Gökçe (2022). Türkiye’deki Müzik Endüstrisinde Dijital Dönüşüm: Kültürel Üreticiler ve Platformlaştırma Raporu. Ankara: Alternatif Bilişim Derneği Yayınları.
  • BİNARK, Mutlu; DEMİR, Erman; SEZGİN, Serra; ÖZSU, Gökçe (2023). “Türkiye’de Müzik Endüstrisinde Platformlar ve Algoritmik Kürasyonun Yeni Kültürel Aracılık Rolü-Que Vadis”. Kültür ve İletişim. Vol: 26(1). 108-141.
  • BUCHER, Taiana. (2012). “Wants to be on the top? Algorithmic power and the threat of invisibility on Facebook”. New Media & Society. Vol:14(7). 1164-1180.
  • CHALABY, K. Jean (2023). “The Streaming Industry and the Platform Economy: An Analysis”. Media, Culture & Society. 1-20.
  • CHAN, Keung NGAI; KWORK, Chi (2022). “The Politics of Platform Power in Surveillance Capitalism: A Comparative Case Study of Ride-Hailing Platforms in China and The United States”. Global Media and China. Vol: 7(2). 131-150.
  • DAVIS, Stuart (2021). “What Is Netflix Imperialism: Interrogating The Monopoly Aspirations of The World’s Largest Television Network”. Information, Communication &Society. 1-21.
  • ELLIOT, Anthony (2019). The Culture of AI: Everyday Life and The Digital Revolution. London and New York: Routledge Publications.
  • EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2022). “Antitrust: Commission Fines Google 2.44 billion for Abusing Dominance as Searh Engine by giving Illegal Advantage to Own Comparision Shopping Service”. http://www.ec.europa.eu. Erişim Tarihi: 11.04.2023.
  • FLEW, Terry (2021). Regulating Platforms. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • FLEW, Terry, MARTIN, Fiona, SUZOR, Nicolas (2019). “Internet Regulation as Media Policy: Rethinking The Question of Digital Communication Platform Governance”. Journal of Digital Media & Policy. Vol: 10(1). 33-50.
  • FUCHS, Christian (2014). Digital Emek ve Karl Marx: Kapitalizm mi? Enformasyon Toplumu mu? Çev: Tahir Emre Kalayca ve Senem Oğuz. İstanbul: Nota Bene Yayınları.
  • HESMONDHALGH, David (2019). The Cultural Industries. London and New York: Sage Publications.
  • HESMONDHALGH, David (2021). “Is Music Streaming Platforms Bad for Musicians? Problems of Evidence and Argument”. New Media & Society. Vol: 23(12). 3593-3615.
  • LENA, Funda (2018). Türkiye’nin Müzik Endüstrisinde Çeşit(SİZ)lik. İstanbul: Kreksa Kültür Yayınları.
  • LIZZIE, Richardson (2019). “Culturalisation and Devices: What is Culture in Cultural Economy”. Journal of Cultural Economy. Vol: 12(3). 228-241. ,
  • MARKS, Karl (2000).Kapital: Birinci Cilt. Çev: Alaattin Bilgi. Ankara: Sol Yayınları.
  • MULDOON, James; RAEKSTAD, Paul (2022). “Algorithmic Domination in the Gig Economy”. European Journal of Political Theory. 1-21.
  • NICOLI, Nicholas ve IOSIFIDIS, Petros (2023). “EU Digital Economy Competition Policy: From Ex-Post to Ex-Ante. The Case of Alphabet, Amazon, Apple and Meta”. Global Media and China. Vol: 8(1). 24-38.
  • NIEBORG, B. David; DUFFY, Brooke Erin; POELL, Thomas (2020). “Studying Platforms and Cultural Production: Methods, Institutions, and Practices”. Social Media + Society. July-September. 1-7.
  • NIEBORG, B. David; DUFFY, Brooke Erin; POELL, Thomas (2022). Platforms and Cultural Produciton. London: Polity Publications.
  • OECD (2021). Strenthening Economic Resillence Following The COVID-19 Crisis: A Firm and Industry Perspective. Paris: OECD Publications.
  • PATEL, Stockley Sam; SWORDS, John (2023). “Cultural and innovation intermediation in the cultural-creative industries”. Creative Industries Journal. 1-23.
  • QU, Shuwen, HESMONDHALGH, David, XIAO, Jian (2021). “Music Streaming Platforms and Self-Realising Musicians: The Case of China”. Information, Communication & Society. 1-21.
  • SANDOVAL, Marisol (2020). “Entrepreneurial Activism? Platform Coopretivism Between Subversion and Co-Optation”. Critical Sociologly. Vol: 46(6). 801-817.
  • SCHUMPETER, A. Joseph (2000). Capitalism, Socialism & Democracy: With a New Introduction by Richard Swedberg. London and New York: Routledge Publications.
  • SHARMA, Padmini (2020). “Digitalisation and Precarious Work Practices in Alternative Economies: Work Organization and Work Relations in E-Cab Services”. Economic and Industrial Democracy. Vol: 43(2). 559-584.
  • SRNICEK, Nick (2017). Platform Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • STATISTA (2023a). “Internet Companies Ranked Revenue 2017-2022”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023b). “Türkiye’de Akış Platformlarının Pazar Oranları”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023c). “Demographics Turkey”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • STATISTA (2023d). “Music Streaming Revenue Worldwide 2005-2022”. http://www.statista.com. Erişim Tarihi: 23.05.2023.
  • STEINBERG, Marc (2021). “From Automobile Capitalism to Platform Capitalism: Toyotism As a Prehistory of Digital Platforms”. Organization Studies. 1-22.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı (2019). 100. Yıl Türkiye Planı: On Birinci Kalkınma Planı (2019-2023). Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı Yayınları.
  • Türkiye Dizini (2023). “Anahtar Kelimeler Üzerinden Gelişmiş Arama”. http://www.trdizin.gov.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 09.05.2023.
  • UNESCO (2023a). “Gaziantep: Creative Cities Network”. http://www.en.unesco.org/creative cities. Erişim Tarihi: 08.04.2023.
  • UNESCO (2023b). “Hatay: Creative Cities Network”. http://www.en.unesco.org/creative cities. Erişim Tarihi: 08.04.2023.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Media Industry Studies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serhat Kaymas 0000-0003-4096-1546

Early Pub Date October 31, 2024
Publication Date October 31, 2024
Acceptance Date August 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kaymas, S. (2024). Talebe Bağlı Platformlar Döneminde Kültür Ekonomileri, Üretici Güçler ve Üretim İlişkileri Diyalektiğini Yeni Baştan Sorgulamak. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(2), 524-539. https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1318051

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