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Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı’nın Söylemsel İnşası: Cumhuriyet Gazetesi’nin 23 Nisan Kapaklarının Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 796 - 814
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1591994

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı’nın Türkiye’deki kutlamalarına dair politik söylemleri ve medyada nasıl temsil edildiğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bayramın ulusal bağımsızlık, çocukların toplumsal rolü ve toplumsal hafıza üzerindeki etkisi, tarihsel süreç içerisinde ortaya çıkan ideolojik çerçeveler bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, medyanın ulusal kimlik ve sosyal değerleri şekillendirmedeki rolünü anlamaya yöneliktir.
Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamında 1930–2023 yılları arasında Cumhuriyet gazetesinde yayımlanan 23 Nisan haber ve kapakları ele alınmıştır. Eleştirel söylem analizi, çerçeveleme analizi ve ideolojik söylem analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. İçerik analizi ile metinlerin tematik yapısı incelenmiş, tarihsel ve bağlamsal yorumlamalarla medya temsillerindeki değişim ve süreklilikler belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Analizler, bayram kutlamalarının ideolojik olarak yapılandırıldığını ve çocukların hem toplumsal hem ulusal düzeyde merkezi rollerinin vurgulandığını göstermektedir. Medyada öne çıkan temalar arasında ulusal kimlik, demokrasi, toplumsal değerler ve çocuk hakları yer almaktadır. Zaman içerisinde kutlamaların çerçevelenme biçimleri değişiklik göstermiş, politik söylemler ve ideolojik vurgu dönemlere göre çeşitlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırma, ulusal festivallerin medya aracılığıyla toplumsal hafızayı, kimlik algısını ve normları şekillendirmedeki etkisini ortaya koymaktadır. 23 Nisan, çocukların toplumsal rolü ve ulusal egemenlik bağlamında ideolojik olarak vurgulanmakta ve medyanın halkı yönlendirme ve ulusal değerleri pekiştirme rolünü göstermektedir.

References

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  • ALEJANDRO, A. ZHAO, L. (2024). Multi-Method Qualitative Text and Discourse Analysis: A Methodological Framework. Qualitative Inquiry. 30(6). 461–473
  • ARSLAN, M. (2021). The role of education in shaping children’s identities: The case of Turkey’s early Republican period. Journal of Educational History, 42(3), 221-235.
  • ASLAN, H. (2018). The children of the Republic: Nationalism, education, and childhood in early Turkey. Turkish Journal of Cultural Studies, 15(2), 75-92.
  • AVERSA, L. EDWARDS, K. & SMITH, J. (2023). Framing marijuana legalization in news coverage: An analysis of shifting frames over time. Journal of Media Studies, 41(1), 88-104.
  • BONYADI, M. & SAMUEL, M. (2013). Discourse analysis of media headlines: A framework for studying ideological and rhetorical structures. Journal of Communication Studies, 24(2), 77-92.
  • CUMHURİYET NEWSPAPER. (2024) Electronic Archives.
  • ÇELEPİ, M. (2020). National identity and the Turkish child: Ideological influences on childhood in the early Republic. Social Studies Review, 26(4), 150-163.
  • FAIRCLOUGH, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Routledge. GOFFMAN, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Harper & Row.
  • GÜRKAN, K. (2021). Children and childhood in the early years of the Republic: The role of Cumhuriyet newspaper. Turkish Media Studies, 13(1), 45-60.
  • ILLIA, L. MCGINNIS, S. & LEE, K. (2024). The social visibility of media news: A content analysis of media representations. Media, Culture, and Society, 46(2), 315-330.
  • KAÇAR ÖZKAN, A. & TOPRAKÇI, E. (2024). The education of refugee children in Turkey: Challenges and solutions for social integration. Journal of Refugee Education, 8(1), 20-36.
  • KELLNER, D. (2010). Media culture: Cultural studies, identity, and politics between the modern and the postmodern. Routledge.
  • KHAN, S. & MACEACHEN, E. (2021). Foucauldian discourse analysis: Understanding the power dynamics in media representations. Journal of Critical Studies, 15(1), 42-56.
  • MATTA, C. (2024). The Explanatory Power of Discourse Analysis. Philosophy of the Social Sciences. 54(5). 363-386.
  • MEZKİT SABAN, S. (2024). Creating the 'ideal' Turkish child: Nationalism, modernity, and childhood in the early Republican era. Journal of Turkish Studies, 28(2), 112-125.
  • ÖZÇELİK, A. (2011). April 23rd: The birth of National Sovereignty and Children’s Day in Turkey. In S. Duru (Ed.), Nationalism and child development in the Republic of Turkey (pp. 99-113). University of Istanbul Press.
  • TEMİZGÜNEY, M. (2019). Children as 'citizens to be seen': The ideological role of children in early Republican Turkey. Social and Political Studies, 29(4), 88-105.
  • TUCHMAN, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. Free Press.
  • VAANDERING, D. & REIMER, K. E. (2021). Relational Critical Discourse Analysis: A Methodology to Challenge Researcher Assumptions. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 20. 1-12.
  • VAN DIJK, T. A. (2019). Discourse and ideology: A multidisciplinary introduction. Sage Publications.
  • ZAFER C. & VARDARLIER, P. (2019). Medya ve Toplum. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 22 (2), 355-361.

The Discursive Construction of National Sovereignty and Children’s Day: An Analysis of Cumhuriyet Newspaper’s April 23rd Covers

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 796 - 814
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1591994

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine the political discourse surrounding April 23, National Sovereignty and Children’s Day in Turkey, focusing on how the celebration has been represented in media. The research explores the festival’s role in national independence, children’s societal position, and social memory, highlighting the ideological frameworks constructed over time. The study seeks to understand how media shapes national identity, social values, and collective memory.
Method: The research analyzed articles and covers related to April 23 published in Cumhuriyet newspaper from 1930 to 2023. Critical discourse analysis, framing analysis, and ideological discourse analysis were employed. Content analysis identified thematic structures, while historical and contextual interpretations traced changes and continuities in media representations.
Results: Findings reveal that the celebration has been ideologically structured, emphasizing children’s central role in society and national sovereignty. Media consistently highlighted themes of national identity, democracy, social values, and children’s rights. The framing of the celebration evolved over time, reflecting shifts in political discourse and ideological emphasis across different periods.
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that national festivals play a critical role in shaping social memory, identity, and norms through media representation. April 23 illustrates the ideological emphasis on children’s role and national sovereignty, highlighting the media’s capacity to influence public perception and reinforce national values over time.

References

  • ALEJANDRO, A. (2021). Reflexive discourse analysis: A methodology for the practice of reflexivity. European Journal of International Relations. 27(1). 150-174.
  • ALEJANDRO, A. ZHAO, L. (2024). Multi-Method Qualitative Text and Discourse Analysis: A Methodological Framework. Qualitative Inquiry. 30(6). 461–473
  • ARSLAN, M. (2021). The role of education in shaping children’s identities: The case of Turkey’s early Republican period. Journal of Educational History, 42(3), 221-235.
  • ASLAN, H. (2018). The children of the Republic: Nationalism, education, and childhood in early Turkey. Turkish Journal of Cultural Studies, 15(2), 75-92.
  • AVERSA, L. EDWARDS, K. & SMITH, J. (2023). Framing marijuana legalization in news coverage: An analysis of shifting frames over time. Journal of Media Studies, 41(1), 88-104.
  • BONYADI, M. & SAMUEL, M. (2013). Discourse analysis of media headlines: A framework for studying ideological and rhetorical structures. Journal of Communication Studies, 24(2), 77-92.
  • CUMHURİYET NEWSPAPER. (2024) Electronic Archives.
  • ÇELEPİ, M. (2020). National identity and the Turkish child: Ideological influences on childhood in the early Republic. Social Studies Review, 26(4), 150-163.
  • FAIRCLOUGH, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Routledge. GOFFMAN, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Harper & Row.
  • GÜRKAN, K. (2021). Children and childhood in the early years of the Republic: The role of Cumhuriyet newspaper. Turkish Media Studies, 13(1), 45-60.
  • ILLIA, L. MCGINNIS, S. & LEE, K. (2024). The social visibility of media news: A content analysis of media representations. Media, Culture, and Society, 46(2), 315-330.
  • KAÇAR ÖZKAN, A. & TOPRAKÇI, E. (2024). The education of refugee children in Turkey: Challenges and solutions for social integration. Journal of Refugee Education, 8(1), 20-36.
  • KELLNER, D. (2010). Media culture: Cultural studies, identity, and politics between the modern and the postmodern. Routledge.
  • KHAN, S. & MACEACHEN, E. (2021). Foucauldian discourse analysis: Understanding the power dynamics in media representations. Journal of Critical Studies, 15(1), 42-56.
  • MATTA, C. (2024). The Explanatory Power of Discourse Analysis. Philosophy of the Social Sciences. 54(5). 363-386.
  • MEZKİT SABAN, S. (2024). Creating the 'ideal' Turkish child: Nationalism, modernity, and childhood in the early Republican era. Journal of Turkish Studies, 28(2), 112-125.
  • ÖZÇELİK, A. (2011). April 23rd: The birth of National Sovereignty and Children’s Day in Turkey. In S. Duru (Ed.), Nationalism and child development in the Republic of Turkey (pp. 99-113). University of Istanbul Press.
  • TEMİZGÜNEY, M. (2019). Children as 'citizens to be seen': The ideological role of children in early Republican Turkey. Social and Political Studies, 29(4), 88-105.
  • TUCHMAN, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. Free Press.
  • VAANDERING, D. & REIMER, K. E. (2021). Relational Critical Discourse Analysis: A Methodology to Challenge Researcher Assumptions. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 20. 1-12.
  • VAN DIJK, T. A. (2019). Discourse and ideology: A multidisciplinary introduction. Sage Publications.
  • ZAFER C. & VARDARLIER, P. (2019). Medya ve Toplum. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 22 (2), 355-361.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Journalism Studies, Communication Sociology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tuğba Canbulut 0000-0002-0055-1684

Early Pub Date October 15, 2025
Publication Date October 16, 2025
Submission Date November 27, 2024
Acceptance Date May 16, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Canbulut, T. (2025). The Discursive Construction of National Sovereignty and Children’s Day: An Analysis of Cumhuriyet Newspaper’s April 23rd Covers. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 796-814. https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.1591994

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