Research Article
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Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 83 Issue: 3, 934 - 965, 24.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004
https://izlik.org/JA94UD98PJ

Abstract

Hotel concierge services play a crucial role in luxury hotels by assisting hotel customers with reservations, ticket purchases, lodging, shopping, and travel planning. Despite their importance, the lack of explicit regulations regarding these services, particularly concerning contractual relationships and liabilities, leads to practical uncertainty. The main purpose of this study is to define and clarify hotel concierges and their services in the hospitality industry from the perspectives of certain fields of law, namely commercial law and law of obligation. In principle, two contractual sources of concierge services exist for hotels. One of these sources is the independent hotel concierge agreement, which explicitly defines the scope of services. Alternatively, provisions related to such services can be included in hotel/accommodation contracts. In practice, a typical service provider is typically hotelier. However, the service is provided by concierges employed at hotels, who generally hold the status of commercial agents with special authority. The hotel concierge agreement can be classified as an atypical, innominate, or imperfectly bilateral contract. As a principle, provisions regarding the contract of mandate are applicable to such agreements. Liabilities arising from concierge services depend on whether the service is provided by hoteliers or by independent professionals. In principle, the hotelier and concierge cannot be held liable for services provided by third parties in connection with the concierge services. A concierge agreement may be terminated by mutual consent, unilateral termination, or the impossibility of performance. If concierge services are part of the hotel/accommodation contract, failure to provide such services may affect the validity of the contract. This study is novel in its aim of drawing attention to the need for more investigation and regulation of hotel concierge services and those providing them, and may serve as a guideline for future attempts in this field.

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Year 2025, Volume: 83 Issue: 3, 934 - 965, 24.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004
https://izlik.org/JA94UD98PJ

Abstract

References

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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Public Law (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Serdar Hızır 0000-0002-7545-3149

Fehmi Buğra Erdal 0000-0002-9485-5290

Publication Date October 24, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004
IZ https://izlik.org/JA94UD98PJ
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 83 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Hızır, S., & Erdal, F. B. (2025). Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, 83(3), 934-965. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004
AMA 1.Hızır S, Erdal FB. Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. 2025;83(3):934-965. doi:10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004
Chicago Hızır, Serdar, and Fehmi Buğra Erdal. 2025. “Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 83 (3): 934-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004.
EndNote Hızır S, Erdal FB (October 1, 2025) Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 83 3 934–965.
IEEE [1]S. Hızır and F. B. Erdal, “Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis”, İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 934–965, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004.
ISNAD Hızır, Serdar - Erdal, Fehmi Buğra. “Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 83/3 (October 1, 2025): 934-965. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004.
JAMA 1.Hızır S, Erdal FB. Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. 2025;83:934–965.
MLA Hızır, Serdar, and Fehmi Buğra Erdal. “Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, vol. 83, no. 3, Oct. 2025, pp. 934-65, doi:10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004.
Vancouver 1.Serdar Hızır, Fehmi Buğra Erdal. Hotel Concierge Services: A Comprehensive Legal and TourismBased Analysis. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. 2025 Oct. 1;83(3):934-65. doi:10.26650/mecmua.2025.83.3.004