Siber Zorbalık ve Ceza Hukuku

Year 2019, Volume: 77 Issue: 1, 425 - 450, 19.06.2019

Gulsah Bostanci Bozbayindir

Abstract

Bilişim ve iletişim teknolojilerinin hızlı gelişimi ve ulaşılabilirliği, taciz ve benzer nitelikteki olayların internet üzerinden gerçekleştirilmeleri sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Yüz yüze tacizden farklı olarak siber taciz ya da zorbalık olayları çok çeşitli fiilleri kapsayacak biçimde ve bu nedenle birçok görünüm biçimini de içeren dünya genelinde yeni bir fenomen haline gelmiştir. Her ne kadar henüz siber tacize ilişkin gerek Avrupa gerekse dünya genelinde ortak bir tanım yapılmamışsa da en basitiyle internet üzerinden gerçekleştirilen taciz, zorbalık anlamına gelmektedir. Siber taciz vakalarının işlenme sıklığı ve sayısı her geçen gün daha da artma eğilimi göstermekte, tacizcilerin internet kullanma oranı da artış göstermesi ile beraber özellikle çocukların bu fiillere maruz kalma ihtimali de yükselmektedir. İnternet ortamında gerçekleşen siber taciz vakaları çocukların güvenliği ve refahı bakımından büyük bir endişe kaynağı teşkil etmektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışmamızda siber taciz kavramının başat unsurlarını tespit etmeye çalıştık. Bu unsurlar, yüksek seviye anonimlik, mağdurun kendini savunma imkanlarının büyük ölçüde kısıtlanmış olması ve tekerrür ihtimalinin oldukça yüksek olmasıdır. Çalışmamızda, siber taciz kavramının bu ayırıcı vasıflarını sırasıyla tahlil edeceğiz. Bu kavramsal analizin akabinde, karşılaştırmalı hukukta siber taciz konusunda benimsenen yaklaşım ve çözümleri değerlendireceğiz. Nihayet, siber taciz fiillerinin suç haline getirilip getirilmemesi gerektiği sorusunu ve ceza hukuku dışındaki çözüm ihtimallerini ele alacağız. 

Keywords

Taciz, Siber taciz, Ceza hukuku, Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri

Cyberbullying and Criminal Law

Abstract

As a result of the rapid growth and availability of information and communication technology (ICT) traditional bullying and harassment activities have started to appear on the internet. Current forms of cyberbullying and cyberharassment are a cause of great concern with respect to children’s safety and well-being. Cyberbullying lacks a universally accepted definition, namely there is no consensus on a single definition of cyberbullying - which is, after all, generally understood as bullying occurring on the internet - determined at an international or European level. However, in this study we have identified the distinctive features of cyberbullying, that is, the high degree of anonymity, power imbalance between the offencer and the victim, potentially public nature of cyberbullying and defencelessness of the victim, and the high probablity of repetition with anonymity being one of the unique features of cyberbullying. We shall analyse all these elements of cyberbullying, respectively. After this conceptual analysis, we shall assess the approaches and solutions that have been adopted towards cyberbullying in a comparative manner. Finally, we will address the question of whether acts of cyberbulllying should be criminalized and we will discuss the employability of options other than criminal law. 

Keywords

Cyberbullying, Bullying, ICT, Criminal law

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