Research Article
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Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 74 - 82, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.858795

Abstract

Studies have been conducted on improving engine performance, reducing environmental pollution caused by vehicles, and using alternative fuels. In the study, tests are carried out in a laboratory environment to check whether the engine has reached the intended use. Testing of internal combustion engines is crucial to research and teaching, trade and environmental pollution. Depending on the purpose of the test, the type and duration of vehicle tests will vary. Automobile manufacturing companies and research units will conduct a series of scientific and long-term tests in the vehicle development process. Thanks to engine and vehicle tests under different operating conditions, the measured values such as economy, power, moment, emission are compared with performance curves.
In this study, biodiesel was obtained from crude camelina sativa oil using the transesterification method. Camelina sativa biodiesel was mixed with Eurodiesel at the rate of 7% (B7), 20% (B20) and 50% (B50). Vehicle performance measurements of biodiesel-Eurodiesel blends were made on a vehicle with four-stroke, four-cylinder, Common-rail fuel system, turbocharged and water-cooled engine using a chassis dynamometer. Vehicle performance and exhaust emissions were measured at different speeds during the vehicle chassis dynamometer test. While the highest moment value was obtained at 80 km/h in B7 fuel, the maximum engine power was obtained in B7 fuel at 160 km/h.
Average engine power and maximum engine torque of B100 fuel decreased by 3,28% and 10,21% compared to Eurodiesel fuel. As the rate of biodiesel increased, specific fuel consumption increased. The highest specific fuel consumption was obtained with 91,6 g/kWh in B100 fuel at 160 km/h. The average specific fuel consumption of B100 fuel increased 38,5% compared to Eurodiesel fuel.
When we look at the results of exhaust emission measurements, it is seen that camelina sativa biodiesel and fuel mixture decreased CO, CO2 and HC values compared to Eurodiesel fuel, but increased NOx values.

Supporting Institution

Selçuk Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Proje Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

20201022

Thanks

This research was supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with project number 20201022.

References

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  • Hill, J., et al., Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, 103(30): p. 11206-11210, 2006.
  • Aktaş, A. and Ö. Şahin, Dizel/biyodizel karışımı ile çalışan bir motorun performans ve emisyonlarını iyileştirmek için hidrojen kullanılması. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, 14(1), 2009.
  • Eyidoğan, M., et al., Etanol-Benzin Ve Metanol-Benzin Karışımlarının Buji İle Ateşlemeli Bir Motorun Yanma Parametrelerine Ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(3), 2011.
  • Örs, İ., Benzin-etanol karışımlarının taşıt performansına ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkisi, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Selçuk Üniversitesi p. 72., 2007.
  • Costagliola, M.A., et al., Performances and emissions of a 4-stroke motorcycle fuelled with ethanol/gasoline blends. Fuel, 183: p. 470-477, 2016.
  • Peterson, C., et al., The effect of biodiesel feedstock on regulated emissions in chassis dynamometer tests of a pickup truck. Transactions of the ASAE, 43(6): p. 1371, 2000.
  • Bannister, C.D., et al., The impact of biodiesel blend ratio on vehicle performance and emissions. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 224(3): p. 405-421, 2010.
  • Burke, R.D., et al., A novel use of multivariate statistics to diagnose test-to-test variation in complex measurement systems. Measurement, 130: p. 467-481, 2018.
  • Anne, E.M., Renewable Energy: Sources and Methods. Infobase Publishing, 2009.
  • Acharjee, T.C., Exploring the Potential Use of Camelina sativa as a Biofuel crop for Nevada. 2011.
  • Verduzco, L.F.R., Density and viscosity of biodiesel as a function of temperature: Empirical models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 19: p. 652-665, 2013.
  • Anonim2. Türkiye. TC. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı 2020 [cited 2020 10 Eylül 2020]; Available from: http://www.enerji.gov.tr/index.php, 2010.
  • Subramanian, K., et al., Comparative evaluation of emission and fuel economy of an automotive spark ignition vehicle fuelled with methane enriched biogas and CNG using chassis dynamometer. Applied Energy, 105: p. 17-29, 2013.
  • Anonim1. What is Biodiesel. [cited 2020 24 eylül 2020]; Available from: http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/02-03/biofuels/what_biodiesel.htm, 2020.
  • Çengelci, E., H. Bayrakçeken, and F. Aksoy, Hayvansal ve bitkisel yağlardan elde edilen biyodizelin dizel yakıtı ile karşılaştırılması. Electronic Journal of Vehicle Technologies (EJVT), 3(1): p. 41-53, 2011.
  • Akay, H. and H. Aydoğan, Ketencik etil esterinin turbo şarjlı bir motorda yakıt olarak kullanımında motorun egzoz emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması. Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Dergisi, (4): p. 55-59.
  • Altun, Ş. and C. Öner, Gaseous emission comparison of a compression–ignition engine fueled with different biodiesels. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 10(2): p. 371-376, 2013.
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  • Talibi, M., et al., Comparative analysis of H2-diesel co-combustion in a single cylinder engine and a chassis dynamometer vehicle. international journal of hydrogen energy, 44(2): p. 1239-1252, 2019.
  • Anonim. bosch. [cited 2020 03.09.2020]; Available from: https://ekilavuz.com/bosch-bea-350-ekzoz-emisyon-analiz-cihazi--cc3b173f6f3fd090-1, 2020.
  • Özçelik, A.E., H. Aydoğan, and M. Acaroğlu, A study of the effects of bioethanol-gasoline blends on vehicle emissions. J. Clean Energy Technol, 3: p. 332-335, 2015.
  • Öğüt, H. and H. Oğuz, Üçüncü milenyumun yakıtı biyodizel. Nobel Yayın, (745), 2006
  • Eryılmaz, T., Hardal yağı biyodizelinde farklı karışım oranlarının dizel motorlarda performansa etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009.
  • Nergiz, M., Mpı enjeksiyon sistemli araçlarda lpg ve benzin kullanımının taşıt performansına etkisinin araştırılması, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi. p. 54, 2008.
  • Chen, L., et al., Using a chassis dynamometer to determine the influencing factors for the emissions of Euro VI vehicles. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 65: p. 564-573, 2018.
  • Robles-Medina, A., et al., Biocatalysis: towards ever greener biodiesel production. Biotechnology advances, 27(4): p. 398-408, 2009.
  • Srivastava, A. and R. Prasad, Triglycerides-based diesel fuels. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 4(2): p. 111-133, 2000.
  • Ghamkhar, K., et al., Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) as an alternative oilseed: molecular and ecogeographic analyses. Genome, 53(7): p. 558-567, 2010.
  • Ölçüm, T., Biyodizel teknolojisi. 2006.
  • Van Gerpen, J., et al., Biodiesel production technology. National renewable energy laboratory, 1617: p. 80401-3393, 2004.
  • Kiani, S., Bitkisel Yağlardan Biyodizel Üretimde Yüzey Aktif Maddelerin Etkisi, in Fen bilimleri enstitüsü. Shahid Beheshti Üniversitesi. p. 103, 2014.
  • Nişancı, S., Biyodizel yakıt karışımlarının performans ve emisyon üzerine etkilerinin deneysel araştırılması, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi. p. 75., 2007.
  • Zhu, L., et al., Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol. Science of the Total Environment, 408(4): p. 914-921, 2010.
  • Şimşek, R. and H. Aydoğan, Ketencik biyodizelinin üretimi ve common rail enjeksiyon sistemli bir motorun emisyonlarina etkisi. Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Dergisi, (4): p. 60-64, 2016.
Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 74 - 82, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.858795

Abstract

Project Number

20201022

References

  • Hotti, S. and O. Hebbal, Biodiesel production and fuel properties from non-edible Champaca (Michelia champaca) seed oil for use in diesel engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 1(1): p. 330-336, 2015.
  • Hill, J., et al., Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, 103(30): p. 11206-11210, 2006.
  • Aktaş, A. and Ö. Şahin, Dizel/biyodizel karışımı ile çalışan bir motorun performans ve emisyonlarını iyileştirmek için hidrojen kullanılması. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, 14(1), 2009.
  • Eyidoğan, M., et al., Etanol-Benzin Ve Metanol-Benzin Karışımlarının Buji İle Ateşlemeli Bir Motorun Yanma Parametrelerine Ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(3), 2011.
  • Örs, İ., Benzin-etanol karışımlarının taşıt performansına ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkisi, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Selçuk Üniversitesi p. 72., 2007.
  • Costagliola, M.A., et al., Performances and emissions of a 4-stroke motorcycle fuelled with ethanol/gasoline blends. Fuel, 183: p. 470-477, 2016.
  • Peterson, C., et al., The effect of biodiesel feedstock on regulated emissions in chassis dynamometer tests of a pickup truck. Transactions of the ASAE, 43(6): p. 1371, 2000.
  • Bannister, C.D., et al., The impact of biodiesel blend ratio on vehicle performance and emissions. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 224(3): p. 405-421, 2010.
  • Burke, R.D., et al., A novel use of multivariate statistics to diagnose test-to-test variation in complex measurement systems. Measurement, 130: p. 467-481, 2018.
  • Anne, E.M., Renewable Energy: Sources and Methods. Infobase Publishing, 2009.
  • Acharjee, T.C., Exploring the Potential Use of Camelina sativa as a Biofuel crop for Nevada. 2011.
  • Verduzco, L.F.R., Density and viscosity of biodiesel as a function of temperature: Empirical models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 19: p. 652-665, 2013.
  • Anonim2. Türkiye. TC. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı 2020 [cited 2020 10 Eylül 2020]; Available from: http://www.enerji.gov.tr/index.php, 2010.
  • Subramanian, K., et al., Comparative evaluation of emission and fuel economy of an automotive spark ignition vehicle fuelled with methane enriched biogas and CNG using chassis dynamometer. Applied Energy, 105: p. 17-29, 2013.
  • Anonim1. What is Biodiesel. [cited 2020 24 eylül 2020]; Available from: http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/02-03/biofuels/what_biodiesel.htm, 2020.
  • Çengelci, E., H. Bayrakçeken, and F. Aksoy, Hayvansal ve bitkisel yağlardan elde edilen biyodizelin dizel yakıtı ile karşılaştırılması. Electronic Journal of Vehicle Technologies (EJVT), 3(1): p. 41-53, 2011.
  • Akay, H. and H. Aydoğan, Ketencik etil esterinin turbo şarjlı bir motorda yakıt olarak kullanımında motorun egzoz emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması. Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Dergisi, (4): p. 55-59.
  • Altun, Ş. and C. Öner, Gaseous emission comparison of a compression–ignition engine fueled with different biodiesels. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 10(2): p. 371-376, 2013.
  • Aufhammer, W., Getreide-und andere Kornerfruchtarten. Ulmer, 1998.
  • anonymous. Toyota Verso. [cited 2021 13.01.2021]; Available from: https://www.ultimatespecs.com/car-specs/Toyota/13941/Toyota-Verso-Advance-20-D-4D-7-seats.html, 2021.
  • Talibi, M., et al., Comparative analysis of H2-diesel co-combustion in a single cylinder engine and a chassis dynamometer vehicle. international journal of hydrogen energy, 44(2): p. 1239-1252, 2019.
  • Anonim. bosch. [cited 2020 03.09.2020]; Available from: https://ekilavuz.com/bosch-bea-350-ekzoz-emisyon-analiz-cihazi--cc3b173f6f3fd090-1, 2020.
  • Özçelik, A.E., H. Aydoğan, and M. Acaroğlu, A study of the effects of bioethanol-gasoline blends on vehicle emissions. J. Clean Energy Technol, 3: p. 332-335, 2015.
  • Öğüt, H. and H. Oğuz, Üçüncü milenyumun yakıtı biyodizel. Nobel Yayın, (745), 2006
  • Eryılmaz, T., Hardal yağı biyodizelinde farklı karışım oranlarının dizel motorlarda performansa etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009.
  • Nergiz, M., Mpı enjeksiyon sistemli araçlarda lpg ve benzin kullanımının taşıt performansına etkisinin araştırılması, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi. p. 54, 2008.
  • Chen, L., et al., Using a chassis dynamometer to determine the influencing factors for the emissions of Euro VI vehicles. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 65: p. 564-573, 2018.
  • Robles-Medina, A., et al., Biocatalysis: towards ever greener biodiesel production. Biotechnology advances, 27(4): p. 398-408, 2009.
  • Srivastava, A. and R. Prasad, Triglycerides-based diesel fuels. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 4(2): p. 111-133, 2000.
  • Ghamkhar, K., et al., Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) as an alternative oilseed: molecular and ecogeographic analyses. Genome, 53(7): p. 558-567, 2010.
  • Ölçüm, T., Biyodizel teknolojisi. 2006.
  • Van Gerpen, J., et al., Biodiesel production technology. National renewable energy laboratory, 1617: p. 80401-3393, 2004.
  • Kiani, S., Bitkisel Yağlardan Biyodizel Üretimde Yüzey Aktif Maddelerin Etkisi, in Fen bilimleri enstitüsü. Shahid Beheshti Üniversitesi. p. 103, 2014.
  • Nişancı, S., Biyodizel yakıt karışımlarının performans ve emisyon üzerine etkilerinin deneysel araştırılması, in Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi. p. 75., 2007.
  • Zhu, L., et al., Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol. Science of the Total Environment, 408(4): p. 914-921, 2010.
  • Şimşek, R. and H. Aydoğan, Ketencik biyodizelinin üretimi ve common rail enjeksiyon sistemli bir motorun emisyonlarina etkisi. Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Dergisi, (4): p. 60-64, 2016.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Article
Authors

Muhammed Mahmut Yıldız 0000-0002-1999-0353

Abdullah Özçelik 0000-0002-8646-0950

Project Number 20201022
Publication Date March 31, 2021
Submission Date January 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yıldız, M. M., & Özçelik, A. (2021). Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 10(1), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.858795
AMA Yıldız MM, Özçelik A. Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. March 2021;10(1):74-82. doi:10.18245/ijaet.858795
Chicago Yıldız, Muhammed Mahmut, and Abdullah Özçelik. “Investigation of the Effects of Camelina Sativa Biodiesel and Eurodiesel Blends on Vehicle Performance and Emissions”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 10, no. 1 (March 2021): 74-82. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.858795.
EndNote Yıldız MM, Özçelik A (March 1, 2021) Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 10 1 74–82.
IEEE M. M. Yıldız and A. Özçelik, “Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions”, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 74–82, 2021, doi: 10.18245/ijaet.858795.
ISNAD Yıldız, Muhammed Mahmut - Özçelik, Abdullah. “Investigation of the Effects of Camelina Sativa Biodiesel and Eurodiesel Blends on Vehicle Performance and Emissions”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 10/1 (March 2021), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.858795.
JAMA Yıldız MM, Özçelik A. Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2021;10:74–82.
MLA Yıldız, Muhammed Mahmut and Abdullah Özçelik. “Investigation of the Effects of Camelina Sativa Biodiesel and Eurodiesel Blends on Vehicle Performance and Emissions”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 10, no. 1, 2021, pp. 74-82, doi:10.18245/ijaet.858795.
Vancouver Yıldız MM, Özçelik A. Investigation of the effects of camelina sativa biodiesel and eurodiesel blends on vehicle performance and emissions. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2021;10(1):74-82.