Relationships between phosphorus adsorption isotherms and properties of calcareous soils and determination of phosphorus fertilizer requirement from the isotherms

Abstract

Phosphorus is one of the nutrient elements in soils having difficulties in the managements with some environmental consequences. Strong reactions with soil components such as precipitation with Fe (iron) and Al (aluminium) in acid soils and Ca (calcium) in alkaline soils rapidly reduce phosphorus availability to plants in soil solution. Phosphorus fertilizer suggestions relying solely on soil analysis have problematic aspects due to differences in phosphorus adsorption characteristics of soils. Thus, total of 71 surface layer (0-20 cm) soil samples were taken from 20 series of Atabey Plain, Isparta. Phosphorus adsorption isotherms of the soils were determined with the batch sorption technique by equilibrating 1.00 g soil samples with 20 mL of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, and 80 mg P L-1 in 0.01 M CaCl2 background solution. The conformation of the data to Freundlich model was tested by regression analysis. Fertilizer requirement (FR) of soils calculated from Olsen P and equilibrium concentrations of 0.2 and 0.11 mg L-1 of the isotherms. Paired-t test revealed that FR0.2 values were significantly different than either FR calculated from Olsen P or FR0.11. The current plant cover at soil sampling had an influence the calculated FR values and adsorption isotherm parameters. In general, negative fertilizer requirements were due to the agricultural lands with high fertilizer input history such as fruit orchards. It can be concluded that using adsorption isotherms, which consider soil P buffering capacity and P input management background, for calculating the P fertilizer requirement is suggested for environmentally and economically feasible farming in the region.

Keywords

• Freundlich isotherm
• phosphorus requirement
• soil properties
• plant cover
• principal component

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