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REVOLUTION, CHAOS AND SEEKING STABLITY OF LIBYA: HISTORICAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 6, 45 - 70, 30.06.2018

Abstract



The
aim of this article is to clarify the headlines of the structural and
functional transformation  arisen from
the coup d’états and, military interventions and political turmoils suffered by
Libya  during the history. As known,
Libya is very crucial country which was located in Northern Africa as a
transitionary region. Both its ethnic structure and its geopolitical
positioning always shaped Libya and come it into hot agenda of the world. Libya
which was under the subjection of the various powers for a long time gained its
independence at the middle of the 20th century and confronted with the Gaddafi
revolution before establishing the fundamental principles of the modern state.
As a country under the  Gaddafi regime
more than 40 years attempted to create its own stability with the sui
generis  administration. Nevertheless,
the Arab Spring demonstrated that Gaddafi regime deprived of having strong and
coherent ties and away from providing the welfare which the Libya community desired.
As a matter of fact, Libya was one of the first countries negatively influenced
by the Arab Spring emerged at the end of 2010 entered into a civilian war and
permanent instability as a result of collapsing the existing Gaddafi regime.
Nowadays Libya seeks to  provide a new
kind of stability with a new comprehension of state and politics while keeping
the suffered political turmoil still alive.



References

  • Adams Simon, (2012), “Libya And Responsibility to Protect”, Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect Occasional Paper Series, No. 3, October 2012.
  • Bearman Jon, (1986), Qadhafi’s Libya, Zed Books Inc. UK.
  • Busotti Lucca, (2016), “A History of Italian Citizenship Laws During Teh Era of the Monarchy (1861-1946)”, Advances in Historical Studies, Vol:5, ss. (143-167).
  • Ceviz Nurettin, (2011), “Libya Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış”, Ortadoğu Analiz, Cilt:3, Sayı:27, Mart 2011, ss. 80-90.
  • ÇILDır Şükrü, (2016), “1969 Libya Askeri Darbesi”, Ortadoğu, Cilt:8, Sayı:78, Eylül-Ekim 2016, ss.54-57.
  • Doğan Gürkan, Durgun Bülent, (2012), “Arap Baharı Ve Libya: Tarihsel Süreç ve Demokratikleşme Kavramı Çerçevesinde Bir Değerlendirme”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Yıl: 2012/1, Sayı:15, ss.61-90.
  • El-Kaddafı Muammer, (1980), Yeşil Kitap, Libya Halk Bürosu Yayınları, Libya.
  • Hizmetli Sabri, (1991),“Osmanlı Yönetimi Döneminde Tunus ve Cezayir’in Eğitim ve Kültür Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış”, AÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt:32, Sayı:1, 1991, ss.2-4
  • Joffe George, Paoletti Emanuela, (2010) “Libya's Foreign Policy: Drivers and Objectives”, Mediterranean Paper Series 2010, The German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2010, ss.19-39.
  • Libya Anayasası, (1951), (Erişim Adresi: https://www.temehu.com/NTC /kingdom-of-libya-constitution-english-1951.pdf, E.T.12.12.2017)
  • Libyan Political Agremeent, (2015, 17 December), Erişim Adresi: (https://unsmil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/Libyan%20Political%20Agreement%20-%20ENG%20.pdf, E.T.22.12.2017)
  • Nadhım Marwan, (2016), Arap Baharında Sancılı Bir Devrim: Libya, Yayımlanmamış Lisans Bitirme Tezi, İÜ İktisat Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, İstanbul.
  • Okaneme Godwin, (2015), “The Libyan Revolution: Philosophical Interpretations”, Open Journal of Philosophy, 2015, Vol:5, ss. 31-38.
  • Olıvıerı Enrica, Libya Before and After Gaddafi: An International Law Analysis, Universita Ca’Foscari Venezia, Lisans Tezi, Venedik, 2011.
  • Orhan Müge, (2010), Osmanlı Vesikalarına Göre Trablusgarp Harbi, Trakya Üniversitesi SBE, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Edirne.
  • Ramutsındela Maano, (2009), “Gaddafi, Continentalism and Sovereignty in Africa.” South African Geographic Journal, 91:1, ss.1-3.
  • Seta, (2011), Batı ve Kaddafi Makasında Libya, SETA Rapor, Ankara.
  • Toprak Seydi Vakkas, (2012), “Osmanlı Yönetiminde Kuzey Afrika Garp Ocakları”, Türkiyat Mecmuası, Cilt:22, ss. 223-237
  • Totman Sally, Mat HARDY, “When Good Dictators Go Bad: Examining the Transformation" of Colonel Gaddafi”, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, Vol. 10, No. 2, ss. 1-6.
  • https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=General%20People%27s%20Congress%20(Libya)&uid=1575 (17.12.2017).
  • https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=General%20People%27s%20Committee&uid=1575 (18.12.2017).
  • Libya 2012, African Economic Outlook, https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin /uploads/afdb/Documents/Generic-Documents/Libya%20Full%20 PDF%20Country%20Note.pdf (18.12.2017).
  • http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/kaddafi-libyasi-ve-kaddafi-nin-mektubu/Blog /?BlogNo=427596 (18.12.2017).
  • http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/731(1992) (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/748(1992)(18.12.2017).
  • https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N93/626/78/PDF/ N9362678.pdf?OpenElement, (18.12.2017).
  • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7047627.stm (18.12.2017
  • http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1559878/Gaddafi-admits-Bulgarian-nurses-were-tortured.html (18.12.2017)
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20090618082911/http://www.senato.it/parlam/leggi/09007l.htm (20.12.2017)
  • https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/aug/26/gaddafi-legacy-meddling-africa (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/02/201121755057219793.html (18.12.2017)
  • https://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c2000s/yr10/libyancivilwar2011.htm, (20.12.2017).
  • http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=125881 (20.12.2017)
  • https://www.icc-cpi.int/NR/rdonlyres/081A9013-B03D-4859-9D61-5D0B0F2F5EFA/0/1970Eng.pdf (20.12.2017)
  • http://web.archive.org/web/20160201213940/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/operation-ellamy-designed-to-strike-from-air-and-sea-2246411.html, (20.12.2017)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/libyaya-hava-ve-denizden-buyuk-operasyon-17316795 (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/10/2011103118460574109.html, (20.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/haber-analiz/libya-secimleridemokratiklesme -surecinde-ilk-adim, (21.12.2017)
  • https://unsmil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/Libyan%20Political%20Agreement%20-%20ENG%20.pdf (22.12.2017)
  • https://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/02/22/138673.html, (22.12.2017)

DEVRİMLER, KAOS VE İSTİKRAR ARAYIŞLARI İÇİNDE LİBYA: TARİHSEL VE YAPISAL BİR ANALİZ

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 6, 45 - 70, 30.06.2018

Abstract



Bu
makalenin amacı tarih boyunca Libya’nın yaşadığı siyasi çalkantıları, geçirdiği
askeri darbeleri ve bu darbelerin sonucunda ortaya çıkan yapısal ve işlevsel
dönüşümün ana hatlarını ortaya koymaktır. Bilindiği üzere Libya Kuzey Afrika’da
geçiş bölgesinde yer alan önemli bir ülkedir. Gerek etnik yapısı, gerekse de
jeopolitik konumu Libya’yı her zaman etkilemiş ve dünyanın gündeminde tutmayı
başarmıştır. Uzunca bir süre çeşitli güçlerin egemenliğinde kalan Libya, 20.
Yüzyılın ortalarında bağımsızlığına kavuşmuş, buna karşın modern devletin
temelleri daha atılamadan Kaddafi devrimiyle tanışmıştır. Yaklaşık kırk yıl
Kaddafi rejimiyle yönetilen Libya, siyasi istikrarını kendine özgü devlet
anlayışıyla kurmaya çalışmıştır. Ancak Arap Baharı Kaddafi rejimin aslında
sağlam temelleri olmadığını ve Libya toplumuna aradığı refahı getiremediğini
ortaya koymuştur. Nitekim 2010 yılının sonunda başlayan Arap Baharından ilk
etkilenen ülkelerden biri olan Libya, Kaddafi rejiminin yıkılmasıyla yeni bir
iç savaş ve istikrarsızlık içine girmiştir. Yaşanan siyasi çalkantılar halen
devam ederken Libya günümüzde yeni bir devlet ve siyaset anlayışıyla kendisine
yeni bir istikrar arayışına girmiştir.



References

  • Adams Simon, (2012), “Libya And Responsibility to Protect”, Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect Occasional Paper Series, No. 3, October 2012.
  • Bearman Jon, (1986), Qadhafi’s Libya, Zed Books Inc. UK.
  • Busotti Lucca, (2016), “A History of Italian Citizenship Laws During Teh Era of the Monarchy (1861-1946)”, Advances in Historical Studies, Vol:5, ss. (143-167).
  • Ceviz Nurettin, (2011), “Libya Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış”, Ortadoğu Analiz, Cilt:3, Sayı:27, Mart 2011, ss. 80-90.
  • ÇILDır Şükrü, (2016), “1969 Libya Askeri Darbesi”, Ortadoğu, Cilt:8, Sayı:78, Eylül-Ekim 2016, ss.54-57.
  • Doğan Gürkan, Durgun Bülent, (2012), “Arap Baharı Ve Libya: Tarihsel Süreç ve Demokratikleşme Kavramı Çerçevesinde Bir Değerlendirme”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Yıl: 2012/1, Sayı:15, ss.61-90.
  • El-Kaddafı Muammer, (1980), Yeşil Kitap, Libya Halk Bürosu Yayınları, Libya.
  • Hizmetli Sabri, (1991),“Osmanlı Yönetimi Döneminde Tunus ve Cezayir’in Eğitim ve Kültür Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış”, AÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt:32, Sayı:1, 1991, ss.2-4
  • Joffe George, Paoletti Emanuela, (2010) “Libya's Foreign Policy: Drivers and Objectives”, Mediterranean Paper Series 2010, The German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2010, ss.19-39.
  • Libya Anayasası, (1951), (Erişim Adresi: https://www.temehu.com/NTC /kingdom-of-libya-constitution-english-1951.pdf, E.T.12.12.2017)
  • Libyan Political Agremeent, (2015, 17 December), Erişim Adresi: (https://unsmil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/Libyan%20Political%20Agreement%20-%20ENG%20.pdf, E.T.22.12.2017)
  • Nadhım Marwan, (2016), Arap Baharında Sancılı Bir Devrim: Libya, Yayımlanmamış Lisans Bitirme Tezi, İÜ İktisat Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, İstanbul.
  • Okaneme Godwin, (2015), “The Libyan Revolution: Philosophical Interpretations”, Open Journal of Philosophy, 2015, Vol:5, ss. 31-38.
  • Olıvıerı Enrica, Libya Before and After Gaddafi: An International Law Analysis, Universita Ca’Foscari Venezia, Lisans Tezi, Venedik, 2011.
  • Orhan Müge, (2010), Osmanlı Vesikalarına Göre Trablusgarp Harbi, Trakya Üniversitesi SBE, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Edirne.
  • Ramutsındela Maano, (2009), “Gaddafi, Continentalism and Sovereignty in Africa.” South African Geographic Journal, 91:1, ss.1-3.
  • Seta, (2011), Batı ve Kaddafi Makasında Libya, SETA Rapor, Ankara.
  • Toprak Seydi Vakkas, (2012), “Osmanlı Yönetiminde Kuzey Afrika Garp Ocakları”, Türkiyat Mecmuası, Cilt:22, ss. 223-237
  • Totman Sally, Mat HARDY, “When Good Dictators Go Bad: Examining the Transformation" of Colonel Gaddafi”, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, Vol. 10, No. 2, ss. 1-6.
  • https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=General%20People%27s%20Congress%20(Libya)&uid=1575 (17.12.2017).
  • https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=General%20People%27s%20Committee&uid=1575 (18.12.2017).
  • Libya 2012, African Economic Outlook, https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin /uploads/afdb/Documents/Generic-Documents/Libya%20Full%20 PDF%20Country%20Note.pdf (18.12.2017).
  • http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/kaddafi-libyasi-ve-kaddafi-nin-mektubu/Blog /?BlogNo=427596 (18.12.2017).
  • http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/731(1992) (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/748(1992)(18.12.2017).
  • https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N93/626/78/PDF/ N9362678.pdf?OpenElement, (18.12.2017).
  • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7047627.stm (18.12.2017
  • http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1559878/Gaddafi-admits-Bulgarian-nurses-were-tortured.html (18.12.2017)
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20090618082911/http://www.senato.it/parlam/leggi/09007l.htm (20.12.2017)
  • https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/aug/26/gaddafi-legacy-meddling-africa (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/02/201121755057219793.html (18.12.2017)
  • https://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c2000s/yr10/libyancivilwar2011.htm, (20.12.2017).
  • http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=125881 (20.12.2017)
  • https://www.icc-cpi.int/NR/rdonlyres/081A9013-B03D-4859-9D61-5D0B0F2F5EFA/0/1970Eng.pdf (20.12.2017)
  • http://web.archive.org/web/20160201213940/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/operation-ellamy-designed-to-strike-from-air-and-sea-2246411.html, (20.12.2017)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/libyaya-hava-ve-denizden-buyuk-operasyon-17316795 (18.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/10/2011103118460574109.html, (20.12.2017)
  • http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/haber-analiz/libya-secimleridemokratiklesme -surecinde-ilk-adim, (21.12.2017)
  • https://unsmil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/Libyan%20Political%20Agreement%20-%20ENG%20.pdf (22.12.2017)
  • https://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/02/22/138673.html, (22.12.2017)
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Cantürk Caner 0000-0002-4991-102X

Betül Şengül 0000-0001-6188-1217

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Caner, C., & Şengül, B. (2018). DEVRİMLER, KAOS VE İSTİKRAR ARAYIŞLARI İÇİNDE LİBYA: TARİHSEL VE YAPISAL BİR ANALİZ. Uluslararası Afro-Avrasya Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(6), 45-70.

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