Design and Control of a Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 332 - 339, 31.12.2023

Loubna Boudjelıda , Çağdaş Hisar , İbrahim Sefa

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1366882

Abstract

In recent years, studies aiming to use different motor types for traction purpose, such as in electric vehicles, have become increasingly widespread. Among these motor types, permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) has become in-creasingly preferred in commercially electric vehicles nowadays. This study addresses the design and control of a PMa-SynRM, also the comparison with the synchronous reluc-tance motor (SynRM). The motor design process is carried out using the finite element method in Ansys-Maxwell environment. A series of a simulation studies is conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink environment for controlling the obtained motor designed in An-sys-Maxwell. The field-oriented control (FOC) approach is chosen for precise speed con-trol. As a result of the simulation studies, it is observed that the designed motor tracks the reference with minimal error under various load conditions within a closed-loop system. Also, this paper investigates how the PM implementation affects the machine perfor-mance comparing to SynRMs. In addition, such a study takes into account that the de-sign of machines involves always several constraints, including geometry, materials, sup-ply limits, and performance constraints.

Keywords

Field Oriented Control, Finite Element Method, Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor, Synchronous Reluctance Motor, Traction Motor

References

• [1] Hernandez M, Messagie M, Hegazy O, Marengo L, Winter O, Van Mierlo J. Environmental impact of traction electric mo-tors for electric vehicles applications. The International Jour-nal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2017;22(1):54-65.
• [2] J Gieras JF, Bianchi N. Electric Motors for Light Traction. EPE Journal. 2004;14(1):12-23.
• [3] Chung SU, Kim JW, Chun YD, Woo BC, Hong DK. Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding PMSM With Consequent Pole Ro-tor for a Low-Speed Direct Drive: Reduction of Rare Earth Permanent Magnet. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2015;30(1):103-9.
• [4] Zhang Y, Xiang Z, Zhu X, Quan L, Jiang M. Anti-Demagnetization Capability Research of a Less-Rare-Earth Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on the Modula-tion Principle. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2021;57(2):1-6.
• [5] Musuroi S, Sorandaru C, Greconici M, Olarescu VN, Wein-man M, editors. Low-cost ferrite permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance rotor an alternative solution for rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors. IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society; 2013 10-13 Nov. 2013.
• [6] Tahanian H, Aliahmadi M, Faiz J. Ferrite Permanent Magnets in Electrical Machines: Opportunities and Challenges of a Non-Rare-Earth Alternative. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2020;56(3):1-20.
• [7] Bonthu SSR, Arafat A, Choi S. Comparisons of Rare-Earth and Rare-Earth-Free External Rotor Permanent Magnet Assist-ed Synchronous Reluctance Motors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2017;64(12):9729-38.
• [8] López Torres C. Analysis and implementation of a methodol-ogy for optimal PMa-SynRM design taking into account per-formances and reliability. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politèc-nica de Catalunya, 2018.
• [9] Paltanea G, Paltanea VM, Hantila IF, Minciunescu P, Varati-ceanu B, Demeter L, et al., editors. Numerical Analysis of a Free Rare-Earth PMaSynRM for Light Electric Vehicle. 2021 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electrici-ty (ICATE); 2021 27-29 May 2021.
• [10] Jani SN, Jamnani JG. A comparative study of electric motor for low-power density electric vehicles. Environmental Sci-ence and Pollution Research. 2023.
• [11] Mishra S, Nayak BK, Fernandes BG, editors. Parametric Design and Analysis of Ferrite PMaSynRM for EV Applica-tion. Smart Technologies for Power and Green Energy; 2023; Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
• [12] Mohammadi A, Mirimani SM. Design of a Novel PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor Topology Using V-Shape Permanent Magnets for Improvement of Torque Char-acteristic. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2022;37(1):424-32.
• [13] Nobahari A, Vahedi A, Nasiri-Zarandi R. A Modified Per-manent Magnet-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor De-sign for Torque Characteristics Improvement. IEEE Transac-tions on Energy Conversion. 2022;37(2):989-98.
• [14] Mohanarajah T, Nagrial M, Rizk J, Hellany A. A Novel Method to Optimize Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines. Electric Power Components and Sys-tems. 2020;48(9-10):933-43.
• [15] S Rafin SMSH, Ali Q, Khan S, Lipo TA. A novel two-layer winding topology for sub-harmonic synchronous machines. Electrical Engineering. 2022;104(5):3027-35.
• [16] Ayub M, Hussain A, Jawad G, Kwon BI. Brushless Opera-tion of a Wound-Field Synchronous Machine Using a Novel Winding Scheme. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2019;55(6):1-4.
• [17] Jeong J, Lee H, Zapico MO, Lee SB, Reigosa DD, Blanco FBd, editors. Trailing Edge PM Demagnetization in Surface PM Synchronous Motors: Analysis and Detection. 2022 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE); 2022 9-13 Oct. 2022.
• [18] Ma Q, Refaie AE-, Fatemi A, editors. Multi-objective Design Optimization of a Blended Permanent Magnet Assisted Syn-chronous Reluctance Machine. 2021 IEEE International Elec-tric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC); 2021 17-20 May 2021.
• [19] Wang J, Li Y, Wu S, Yu Z, Chen L. Analysis of the Influ-ence of Parameter Condition on Whole Load Power Factor and Efficiency of Line Start Permanent Magnet Assisted Syn-chronous Reluctance Motor. Energies [Internet]. 2022; 15(11).
• [20] Guo H, He X, Xu J, Tian W, Sun G, Ju L, et al. Design of an Aviation Dual-Three-Phase High-Power High-Speed Perma-nent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Starter-Generator With Antishort-Circuit Ability. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2022;37(10):12619-35.
• [21] Jammali YH, Mirzaeva G, Miller D, editors. Development of a PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive for an Electric Boat. 2020 Australasian Universities Power Engineer-ing Conference (AUPEC); 2020 29 Nov.-2 Dec. 2020.
• [22] Dwivedi S, Tripathi SM, Sinha SK, editors. Review on Con-trol Strategies of Permanent Magnet-Assisted Synchronous Re-luctance Motor Drive. 2020 International Conference on Pow-er Electronics & IoT Applications in Renewable Energy and its Control (PARC); 2020 28-29 Feb. 2020.
• [23] Kesler S, Kılıç A. Development of an Advanced AC Drive for the Heating Circulation Pumps with Dry-Rotor Using a Synchronous Reluctance Motor. Electric Power Components and Systems. 2023;51(16):1815-28.
• [24] Islam MK, Karimi-Ghartemani M, Choi S, editors. Design of a Robust Optimal Controller for Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor in Electric Vehicle Application. 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Confer-ence and Exposition (APEC); 2021 14-17 June 2021.
• [25] Sarkar P, Srinivas S, editors. MTPA based DTC for Perma-nent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Elec-tric Vehicle application. 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrifica-tion Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific); 2019 8-10 May 2019.
• [26] Hua Y, Zhu H, Gao M, Ji Z. Multiobjective Optimization Design of Permanent Magnet Assisted Bearingless Synchro-nous Reluctance Motor Using NSGA-Ⅱ. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2021;68(11):10477-87.
• [27] Degano M, Murataliyev M, Shuo W, Barater D, Buticchi G, Jara W, et al. Optimised Design of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines for Household Appliances. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2021;36(4):3084-95.
• [28] Qiu H, Zhang Y, Yang C, Yi R. Performance analysis and comparison of PMSM with concentrated winding and distrib-uted winding. Archives of Electrical Engineering. 2023;69(2):303-17.
• [29] Mynarek P, Kołodziej J, Młot A, Kowol M, Łukaniszyn M. Influence of a Winding Short-Circuit Fault on Demagnetiza-tion Risk and Local Magnetic Forces in V-Shaped Interior PMSM with Distributed and Concentrated Winding. Energies. 2021; 14(16).
• [30] Tekgun D, Cosdu MM, Tekgun B, Alan I, editors. Investiga-tion of the Effects of Multi-Layer Winding Structures in Two Pole Synchronous Reluctance Machines. 2021 3rd Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM); 2021 5-8 Oct. 2021.ç
• [31] Moallem M, Mirzaeian B, Mohammed OA, Lucas C. Multi-objective genetic-fuzzy optimal design of PI controller in the indirect field oriented control of an induction motor. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2001;37(5):3608-12.
• [32] Lare P, Sarabi S, Delpha C, Nasr A, Diallo D, editors. Stator winding Inter-turn short-circuit and air gap eccentricity fault detection of a Permanent Magnet-Assisted Synchronous Re-luctance Motor in Electrified vehicle. 2021 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS); 2021 31 Oct.-3 Nov. 2021.
• [33] Zamzoum O, El Mourabit Y, Errouha M, Derouich A, El Ghzizal A. Power control of variable speed wind turbine based on doubly fed induction generator using indirect field-oriented control with fuzzy logic controllers for performance optimization. Energy Science & Engineering. 2018;6(5):408-23.
• [34] Zhu X, Hua W, Wang W, Huang W. Analysis of Back-EMF in Flux-Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines by Air Gap Field Modulation Theory. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2019;66(5):3344-55.
• [35] Diao K, Sun X, Lei G, Guo Y, Zhu J. Multiobjective System Level Optimization Method for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive Systems Using Finite-Element Model. IEEE Transac-tions on Industrial Electronics. 2020;67(12):10055-64.
• [36] Zhao W, Xing F, Wang X, Lipo TA, Kwon Bi. Design and Analysis of a Novel PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine With Axially Integrated Magnets by the Finite-Element Method. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2017;53(6):1-4.
• [37] Hua W, Zhu X, Wu Z. Influence of Coil Pitch and Stator-Slot/Rotor-Pole Combination on Back EMF Harmonics in Flux-Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines. IEEE Transac-tions on Energy Conversion. 2018;33(3):1330-41.
• [38] Hyun D, Yun D, Baek J. Optimal Design of a Six-Phase Permanent-Magnet-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor to Convert into Three Phases for Fault-Tolerant Improvement in a Traction System. Applied Sciences. 2021;11(18).