Depolama Süresi ve Koşullarının Entomopatojen Nematodların Canlılığı ve Patojenitesi Üzerindeki Rolü

Öz

Entomopatojen nematodlar (EPN) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae ve Steinernematidae) birçok zararlı böceklerin etkili biyokontrol ajanlarıdır ve genellikle laboratuvarda veya arazide kullanılmadan önce belirli bir süre depolanırlar. Bununla birlikte, elverişsiz saklama koşullarının EPN'lerin hayatta kalması ve infektivitesi üzerinde büyük bir etkisi vardır. Bu çalışma, dört yerel EPN türünün (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora FLH-4H, H. indica 216-H, Steinernema feltiae KCS-4S ve S. bicornotum MGZ-4S) infektif juvenillerinin (IJ) laboratuvar koşullarında optimum saklama koşullarını belirlemek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. IJ'lerin canlılıkları, farklı konsantrasyonlarda (500, 1000, 1500 ve 2000 IJ), sıcaklıklarda (9 ve 25 °C) ve depolama ortamında (ddH2O, musluk suyu ve steril Ringer solüsyonu) test edilmiştir. Genel olarak, test edilen EPN türlere ait IJ'lerin canlılıkları, 1000 ve 1500 IJ konsantrasyonlarında depolamadan sonraki 1. ayda en yüksek iken artan depolama süreleri ile kademeli olarak azalmıştır. Genel olarak Steirnematidlerin IJ'lerinin hayatta kalma oranları Heterorhabditid türlerinden daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. IJ'lerin en yüksek hayatta kalma oranı, genellikle Ringer solüsyonunda 9°C'de 1 aylık depolamadan sonra elde edilirken, musluk suyu, test edilen her iki sıcaklıkta da IJ'ler canlılıklarında önemli bir düşüşe neden olmuştur. Patojenite testlerinde, 9°C'de depolanan IJ'ler, Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvalarında daha yüksek ölüm oranlarına neden olmuştur. Sonuçlar, test edilen EPN türlerine ait IJ'lerin, infektivitelerinde ciddi bir düşüş olmadan 9°C'de, 1000 ve 1500 IJs konsantrasyonlarında, Ringer solüsyonunda daha uzun süre canlı kalabildiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Depolama
• Faydalı Nematodlar
• Biyolojik Mücadele
• Sürdürülebilir Tarım

The Role of Storage Duration and Conditions on the Survival and Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) are effective biocontrol agents for many insect pests and are generally stored for a period of time prior to their use in the laboratory or field. However, unfavorable storage conditions have a great impact on the survival and infectivity of EPNs. This study was conducted to determine the optimum storage conditions of infective juveniles (IJs) of four native EPN species (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora FLH-4H, H. indica 216-H, Steinernema feltiae KCS-S, and S. bicornotum MGZ-4S) under laboratory conditions. The survival capability of the IJs was tested at different concentrations (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 IJs), temperatures (9 and 25 °C) and storage media [double-distilled water (ddH2O), tap water, and sterile Ringer solution]. In general, the survival of IJs of tested EPN species was the highest at the 1st month after treatment (MAT) at the concentrations of 1000 and 1500 IJs and gradually decreased with the increasing storage periods. The survival rates of the IJs of Steirnematids were generally higher than Heterorhabditid species. The highest survival of IJs was generally obtained after 1-month storage in Ringer solution at 9°C while tap water led to poor survival for the IJs at both temperatures tested. The IJs that were stored at 9°C induced higher mortalities on the larvae of Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The results showed that the IJs of tested EPN species can remain viable for a longer period of time in Ringer solution at 1000 and 1500 IJs concentrations at 9°C without losing much of their infectivity.

Keywords

• Storage
• Beneficial Nematodes
• Biological Control
• Sustainable Agriculture

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