Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Sweet Sorghum Exposed to Heavy Metal Stress under Seed Priming Pretreatments

Abstract

This study was conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the effects of priming pretreatments (GA3, KNO3 and H2O) on germination and seedling development of sweet sorghum exposed to different levels (0, 75, 150 and 300 mg l-1) of lead, cadmium and nickel stress. The results of the research revealed that, in general, heavy metals negatively affected both germination and seedling growth properties. However, the severity of the negative effect showed significant differences depending on the kind and dose of the heavy metal. It has been determined that the negative effects of cadmium and nickel were higher than lead. Among the priming pre-treatments, it was determined that in general, pre-application with H2O was sufficient, and there was no need for other priming agents. However, it has been determined that heavy metals significantly reduce root and seedling growth even at low doses. This situation showed that even if germination occurred, healthy plant growth would not occur at heavy metal doses above 150 mg l-1.

Keywords

• heavy metal
• germination
• seed priming
• seedling growth

Priming Ön Uygulamaları Altında Ağır Metal Stresine Maruz Kalan Tatlı Sorgumda Çimlenme ve Erken Fide Gelişimi

Öz

Bu çalışma, laboratuvar koşullarında farklı düzeylerinde (0, 75, 150 ve 300 mg l-1) kurşun, kadmiyum ve nikel stresine maruz bırakılan tatlı sorgumun çimlenmesi ve erken fide gelişimi üzerine tohum priming ön uygulamalarının (GA3, KNO3 ve H2O) etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları genel olarak ağır metallerin hem çimlenme hem de fide özelliklerini olumsuz yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte ağır metalin türüne ve dozuna bağlı olarak olumsuz etkinin şiddeti önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. Kadmiyum ve nikelin olumsuz etkisinin kurşundan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Priming ön muamelelerinden genel olarak H2O ile ön uygulamanın yeterli olduğu, ayrıca bir uyarıcı ön uygulamasına ihtiyaç olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ağır metallerin düşük dozlardan itibaren kök ve fide gelişimini çok ciddi derecede azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum çimlenme gerçekleşse bile 150 mg l-1 üzerinde ağır metal düzeylerinde sağlıklı bitki gelişiminin olmayacağını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağır metal
• çimlenme
• tohum uyarıcı
• fide gelişimi

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