Effects of Drought and Salinity Stress on Antioxidant Ezymes and Yield Parameters of Laurel Plant (Laurus nobilis L.)

Abstract

Plants are exposed to various environmental stressors throughout their life cycle, including cold, drought, high temperature, salt, and heavy metals. These environmental variables, known as abiotic stressors, lead to oxidative stress and promote the formation of reactive and dangerous reactive oxygen species in plants. In this study, laurel plants were exposed to two different abiotic stress conditions (salinity (10 dS m-1), drought). Under both stress conditions, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance and antioxidant enzyme activities Glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPx), ascorbate peroxidase (APx) were determined. Chlorophyll content was observed to decrease by 58.53% and 40.31% for drought and salinity treatments, respectively, compared to the control treatment. In addition, stomatal conductance was reduced by 52.75% and 35.15% for drought and salinity treatments, respectively. These results indicate that chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance of laurel plants were more affected by drought stress than salinity. The activity of all antioxidant enzymes decreased in both drought and salinity stress. GR and GPx were significantly reduced by 49.29% and 74.51%, respectively, in drought treatment compared to the control group. In addition, GST and APx activity decreased by 22.01% and 6.26%, respectively, in salinity stress compared to the control group. According to the data obtained, GR and GPx enzyme activities in laurel plants were more affected by drought stress, while GST and APx enzyme activities decreased more significantly under salinity stress.

Keywords

• Laurus nobilis L.
• Antioxidant
• Enzyme Activity
• Stress Factor
• Chlorophyll

Kuraklık ve Tuzluluk Stresinin Defne Bitkisinin (Laurus nobilis L.) Antioksidan Enzimler ve Verim Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bitkiler yaşam döngüleri boyunca soğuk, kuraklık, yüksek sıcaklık, tuz ve ağır metaller dahil olmak üzere çeşitli çevresel stres faktörlerine maruz kalırlar. Abiyotik stresler olarak bilinen bu çevresel değişkenler oksidatif strese yol açmakta ve bitkilerde reaktif ve tehlikeli reaktif oksijen türlerinin oluşumunu teşvik etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Defne bitkisi 2 farklı abiyotik stres koşuluna (tuzluluk (10 dS m-1), kuraklık) maruz bırakılmıştır. Her iki stres koşulunda da klorofil içeriği, stoma iletkenliği ve antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri Glutatyon S-transferaz (GST), glutatyon redüktaz (GR), guaiakol peroksidaz (GPx), askorbat peroksidaz (APx) belirlenmiştir. Klorofil içeriğinin kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla kuraklık ve tuzluluk uygulamaları için sırasıyla %58.53 ve %40.31 oranında azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, stoma iletkenliği kuraklık ve tuzluluk uygulamaları için sırasıyla %52.75 ve %35.15 oranında azalmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, defne bitkilerinin klorofil içeriği ve stoma iletkenliğinin kuraklık stresinden tuzluluğa göre daha fazla etkilendiğini göstermektedir. Tüm antioksidan enzimlerin aktivitesi hem kuraklık hem de tuzluluk stresinde azalmıştır. GR ve GPx, kontrol grubuna kıyasla kuraklık uygulamasında sırasıyla %49.29 ve %74.51 oranında önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Ayrıca, GST ve APx aktivitesi tuzluluk stresinde kontrol grubuna kıyasla sırasıyla %22.01 ve %6.26 oranında azalmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, defne bitkisinde GR ve GPx enzim aktiviteleri kuraklık stresinden daha fazla etkilenirken, GST ve APx enzim aktiviteleri tuzluluk stresi altında daha önemli ölçüde azalmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Laurus nobilis L.
• Antioksidan
• Enzim Aktivitesi
• Stres Faktörü
• Klorofil

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