‘Deveci’ Armudunun Şeker ve Organik Asit İçeriği Üzerine Anaçların Etkileri

Abstract

The aim of present study was to determine the effects of three rootstocks [quince BA 29 and EMC (Cydonia oblonga), and seedling of P. communis] on sugars and organic acid contents in ‘Deveci’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar during 2011-2015 years. In the study, oxalic, tartaric, malic, ascorbic, acetic, citric, fumaric and propionic acid as organic acids and fructose, sucrose, glucose and total sugar as sugars in the fruit samples were investigated in terms of rootstocks. Major organic acids for ‘Deveci’ pear were malic, ascorbic and propionic acids. Malic and ascorbic acid in BA 29 rootstock were higher than EMC and seedling rootstocks. Contrarily, propionic acid was higher in seedling rootstock. In terms of malic acid, BA 29 had the highest malic acid content (3425.3 mg 100 g^-1) while seedling rootstock had the lowest amount (2976.5 mg 100 g^-1). Significant differences were observed between rootstocks for tartaric, ascorbic, acetic, citric and fumaric acids. Tartaric, ascorbic, citric and fumaric acids in BA 29 and EMC rootstock were higher than the content of seedling rootstock. The most abundant sugars in ‘Deveci’ pear were fructose (32.4, 39.27 and 42.4 g kg^-1 fw, respectively) and glucose (18.7, 22.3 and 26.7 g kg^-1 fw) for BA 29, EMC and seedling rootstocks. The total sugar content of the seedling rootstock (74.0 g kg^-1 fw) was higher than BA 29 (53.0 g kg^-1 fw) and EMC (65.8 g kg^-1 fw).

Keywords

• Ascorbic acid,Pyrus communis,fructose,malic acid,total sugar

Effects of Rootstocks on Sugar and Organic Acid Contents of ‘Deveci’ Pear

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2011-2015 yılları arasında ‘Deveci’ armudunun (Pyrus communis L.) şeker ve organik asit içeriği üzerine 3 farklı anacın [BA 29 ve EMC (Cydonia oblonga) ayva ve armut çöğürü (P. communis)] etkilerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada anaçlar bakımından meyve örneklerinde organik asit olarak; okzalik asit, tartaric asit, malik asit, askorbik asit, asetik asit, sitrik asit, fumarik asit ve propiyonik asit, şekerler olarak ta; fruktoz, sukroz, glikoz ve toplam şeker incelenmiştir. ‘Deveci’ armudunda malik, askorbik ve propiyonik asit baskın organik asitler olarak belirlenmiştir. Malik ve askorbik asit içeriği BA 29 anacından elde edilen meyvelerde, EMC ve çöğür anacından daha yüksek bulunurken propiyonik asit içeriği çöğürde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Malik asit içeriği BA 29 anacında en yüksek (3425.3 mg 100 g^-1), çöğür de ise en düşük (2976.5 mg 100 g^-1) miktarda bulunmuştur. Tartarik, askorbik, asetik, sitrik ve fumarik asit bakımından anaçlar arasında önemli farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Tartarik, askorbik, sitrik ve fumarik asit içeriği BA 29 ve EMC anacında çöğür anacındakinden daha yüksek belirlenmiştir. BA 29, EMC ve çöğür anacı üzerine aşılanan ‘Deveci’ armudunda fruktoz (sırasıyla, 32.4, 39.27 ve 42.4 g kg^-1 taze ağırlık) ve glikoz (sırasıyla, 18.7, 22.3 ve 26.7 g kg^-1 kuru ağırlık) en fazla miktarda bulunan şekerler olmuştur. Çöğür anacı üzerine aşılı bitkilerden elde edilen meyvelerin toplam şeker içeriği (74.0 g kg^-1 taze ağırlık) BA 29 (53.0 g kg^-1 taze ağırlık) ve EMC (65.8 g kg^-1 taze ağırlık) anacındakinden daha yüksek belirlenmiştir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Askorbik asit,Pyrus communis,fruktoz,malik asit,toplam şeker

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