Baklagillerde Kök, Nodül Oluşumu ve Azot Fiksasyonu Üzerine Bazı Küresel İklim Değişikliği Parametrelerinin Etkisi

Öz

Küresel iklim değişikliği sürecinde atmosferdeki karbondioksit ve sıcaklıktaki artışın kuraklık ve tuzluluğu artıracağı bir gerçektir. Bu değişikliklerin özellikle kurak ve yarı-kurak iklimlerde yetiştirilen baklagilleri olumsuz yönde etkileyeceği bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemede özellikle bu olumsuzlukların kök-nodül oluşumu ve biyolojik azot özümlemesi (BNF) üzerine olan etkileri tartışılmıştır. Baklagiller ve bakteriler arasındaki simbiyotik ilişki artan CO₂ koşulları ile birlikte artışı nodül gelişimini hızlandırmış ve BNF artışı görülmüştür. Buna karşın iklim senaryolarına göre 2-4 ⁰C sıcaklık artışı ve beraberinde kuraklığın kök tüyü infeksiyonunu, nodül sayısını, nodül büyüklüğünü, nodül gelişimini ve aktivitesini azaltarak BNF’yi olumsuz etkilediği saptanmıştır. Öte yandan tuzluluğun nodül solunumunu ve leghemoglobin içeriğini azalttığı vurgulanmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Baklagiller,CO2 artışı,kuraklık,sıcaklık,tuzluluk

Impact of Some Climate Change Parameters on Root, Nodule Formation and Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes

Abstract

In the context of global climate change, the increase in carbon dioxide and temperature in the atmosphere is a fact that will increase drought and salinity. These changes have been reported to adversely affect legumes grown especially in arid and semi-arid climates. In this review, the effects of these adverse events on root-nodule formation and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) are discussed. The symbiotic relationship between legumes and bacteria, together with increased CO₂ conditions, accelerated nodule development and increased BNF. However, according to climate scenarios, temperature increases of 2-4 ° C with accompanying drought, decreased root hair infection, nodule number, nodule size, nodule growth and activity and BNF was found to be adversely affected. On the other hand, it was emphasized that salinity reduced nodule respiration and leghemoglobin content.

Keywords

• Legumes,elevated CO2,drought,temperature,salinity

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