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Türkiye Kökenli Diploid ve Tetraploid Kavuzlu Buğday Hatlarının Bazı Agro-morfolojik Özellikler Bakımından Tanımlanması

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 322 - 334, 13.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.590103

Abstract

Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’nin 3
farklı ilinden (Konya, Kayseri ve Kastamonu) toplanmış popülasyonlardan 6 yıl
boyunca seçilen toplam 36 siyez (Triticum
monoccocum
L.) ve 49 gernik buğday (Triticum
dicoccum
L.) hattının morfolojik ve tarımsal özellikler bakımından
tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır. Toplam 85 kavuzlu buğday hattı, morfolojik ve tarımsal
özellikler yönüyle değerlendirilmek üzere 1 metre uzunluğunda ikişerli sıralar
halinde sıra arası 30 cm olacak şekilde Akdeniz Üniversitesi Yerleşkesi’nde
yetiştirilmiştir.  Morfolojik özellik olarak
büyüme şekli (habitusu), başak sıklığı, kavuz rengi, dane rengi, dane büyüklüğü
ve danede camsılık oranı incelenmiştir. Tarımsal özellikler bakımından bitki
boyu (cm), başak boyu (cm), başakta dane sayısı (adet), başaklanma gün sayısı
(gün), m2’deki başak sayısı (adet), dane verimi (g m-2),
biyolojik verim (g m-2), hasat indeksi (%) ve bin dane ağırlığı (g)
incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda türler arasında ve içerisinde özellikle tarımsal
özellikler önemli seviyede varyasyon gözlenmiştir. Siyez hatlarının ortalama olarak
bitki boyu, başak boyu, m2’deki başak sayısı, dane verimi ve bin
dane ağırlığı sırasıyla 107.9 cm, 4.9 cm, 751.4 adet m-2, 311.7 g m-2
ve 21.6 g bulunmuştur. Gernik hatlarının ortalama bitki boyu, başak boyu,
m2’deki başak sayısı, dane verimi ve bin dane ağırlığı sırasıyla 101.7 cm, 5.9
cm, 548.9 adet m-2, 368.1 g m-2 ve 35.9 g olarak
saptanmıştır. Elde edilen morfolojik ve tarımsal özellikler araştırmada
kullanılan kavuzlu buğday hatlarının ıslah çalışmalarına katkı sağlayabilecek
genetik varyasyona sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. 

Supporting Institution

TUBİTAK

Project Number

214O401

Thanks

Bu çalışma, TUBİTAK-ANAS (Azerbaycan Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi) İkili İşbirliği kapsamında 214O401 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Abdel-Aal, E. S., Hucl, P., & Sosulski, F. W. (1995). Compositional and nutritional characteristics of a spring einkorn and spelt wheats. Cereal Chemistry, 72, 621-624.
  • Akar, T., & Eser, V. (2016). Ülkemizde kavuzlu buğday üretiminin dünü bugünü ve yarını. TURKTOB Dergisi, 18, 8-11.
  • Arzani, A., & Ashraf, M. (2017). Cultivated ancient wheats (Triticum spp.): A potential source of health-beneficial food products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16, 477-488.
  • Atar, B., & Kara, B. (2017). Comparison of grain yield and some characteristics of hulled, durum and bread wheat genotypes varieties. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 5(2), 159-163.
  • Brandolini, A., Hidalgo, A., & Moscaritolo, S. (2008). Chemical composition and pasting properties of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum) whole meal flour. Journal of Cereal Science, 47(3), 599-609.
  • Castagna, R., Borghi, B., Di Fonzo, N., Heum, M., & Salamini, F. (1995). Yield and related traits of einkorn (T. monococcum spp. monococcum) in different environments. European Journal of Agronomy, 4, 371-378.
  • Desheva, G., Valchinova, E., Kyosev, B., & Stoyanova, S. (2014). Grain physical characteristics and bread-making quality of alternative cereals towards common and durum wheat. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 26(5), 418-424.
  • Ertop, M.H., & Atasoy, R. (2019). Comparison of physicochemical attributes of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) and durum wheat (Triticum durum) and evaluation of morphological properties using scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25(1), 93-99.
  • FAOSTAT. (2018). Crop Statistics. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Giacintucci, V., Guardeño, L., Puig, A., Hernando, I., Sacchetti, G., & Pittia, P. (2014). Composition, protein contents, and microstructural characterisation of grains and flours of emmer wheats (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) of the central Italy type. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 32(2), 115-121.
  • Gurcan, K., Demirel, F., Tekin, M., Demirel, S., & Akar T. (2017). Molecular and agro-morphological characterization of ancient wheat landraces of Turkey. BMC Plant Biology, S17, 9-18.
  • IBPGR. (1985). Descriptors for wheat (revised). International Board for Plant Genetic Resources. http://genbank.vurv.cz/ewdb/asp/IPGRI_descr_1985.pdf Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Kaplan, M., Akar, T., Kamalak, A., & Bulut, S. (2014). Use of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat genotypes for animal feding. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 38, 838-846.
  • Konvalina, P., Capouchova, I., Stehno, Z., & Moudry, J. (2010). Agronomic characteristics of the spring forms of the wheat landraces (einkorn, emmer, spelt, intermediate bread wheat) grown in organic farming. Journal of Agrobiology, 27, 9-17.
  • Longin, C. F. H., Ziegler, J., Schweiggert, R., Koehler, P., Carle, R., & Würschum, T. (2016). Comparative study of hulled (einkorn, emmer, and spelt) and naked wheats (durum and bread wheat): agronomic performance and quality traits. Crop Science, 56, 302-311.
  • Munns, R., James, R. A., Xu, B., Athman A., Conn S. J., Jordans C., Byrt, C. S., Hare, R. A., Tyerman, S. D., Tester, M., Plett, D., & Gilliham, M. (2012). Wheat grain yield on saline soils is improved by an ancestral Na⁺ transporter gene. Nature Biotechnology, 30(4), 360-4.
  • Newton, A. C., Akar, T., Baresel, J. P., Bebeli, P. J., Bettencourt, E., Bladenpoulos, K. V., Czembor, J. H., Fasoula, D. A., Katsiotis, A., Koutis, K., Koutsika-Sotiriou, M., Kovacs, G., Larsson, H., Pinherio de Carvalho, M. A. A., Rubiales, D., Russell, J., Dos Santos, T. M. M., & Vaz Patto, M. C. (2010). Cereal landraces for sustainable agriculture: A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 30(2), 237-269.
  • Ozkan, H., Brandolini, A., Schafer-Pregl, R., & Salamini, F. (2002). AFLP analysis of a collection of tetraploid wheats indicates the origin of emmer and hard wheat domestication in Southeast Turkey. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24, 1224-1233.
  • Özgen, M., Adak, M. S., Söylemezoğlu, G., & Ulukan, H. (1995). Bitkisel gen kaynaklarının korunma ve kullanımında yeni yaklaşımlar. http://www.zmo.org.tr/ resimler/ekler/4e422f05b68cc01_ek.pdf Erişim tarihi: 29 Aralık 2017.
  • Padulosi, S., Hodgkin, T., Williams, J. T., & Haq, N. (2002). Underutilized crops: Trends, challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. In J. M. M. Engels, V. Ramanatha Rao, A. H. D. Brown, M. T. Jackson (Eds.), Managing Plant Genetic Diversity (pp. 323-338). Rome, Italy, nternational Plant Genetic Resources Institute.
  • Stallknecht, G. F., Gilbertson, K. M., Ranney, J. E. (1996). Altenative wheat cereals as food grains: Einkorn, emmer, spelt, kamut and triticale. In J. Janick (Ed.), Progress in New Crops (pp. 156-170). Alexandria, VA, ASHS Press.
  • Tekin, M., Cengiz, M.F., Abbasov, M., Aksoy, A., Canci, H., & Akar, T. (2018). Comparison of some mineral nutrients and vitamins in advanced hulled wheat lines. Cereal Chemistry, 95, 436-444.
  • TUIK. (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Unal, H. G. (2009). Some physical and nutritional properties of hulled wheat. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 56, 58-64.
  • Uzundzalieva, K., Desheva, G., Valchinova, E., & Kyosev, B. (2016). Comparative evaluation of einkorn accessions (Triticum monococcum L.) of some main agricultural characters. Agro-knowledge Journal, 17, 69-80.
  • Vallega, V. (1979). Field performance of varieties of Triticum monococcum, T. durum, and Hordeum vulgare grown at two locations. Genetica Agraria, 33, 363-370.
  • Vallega, V. (1992). Agronomic performance and breeding value of selected strains of diploid wheat, Triticum monococcum. Euphytica, 61, 13-23.
  • Zaharieva, M., & Monneveux, P. (2014). Cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum): The long life of a founder crop of agriculture. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61, 677-706.
  • Zengin, G. (2015). Bazı ilkel buğdaylarda kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Zhao, F. J., Su, Y. H., Dunham, S. J., Rakszegi, M., Bedo, Z., McGrath, S. P., & Shewry, P. R. (2009). Variation in mineral micronutrient concentrations in grain of wheat lines of diverse origin. Journal of Cereal Science, 49, 290-295.

Characterization of Turkish Diploid and Tetraploid Hulled Wheat Lines for Some Agromorphological Traits

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 322 - 334, 13.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.590103

Abstract

Thirty-six einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) and 49 emmer
wheat (Triticum dicoccum L.) lines
selected from populations collected from different provinces of Turkey (Konya,
Kayseri ve Kastamonu) for six years were characterized agro-morphogically in
this study. Totally 85 hulled wheat lines were sown micro plots with two rows
of 1 m lenght and 30 cm row spaces to evaluate in terms of morphological and agronomical
traits. Observed morphological traits were growth habit, spike density, glume
colour, grain colour, grain size and grain vitrousness. Agronomic traits were
plant height (cm), spike lenght (cm), number of grains per spike (number), days
to flowering (day), number of spikes per m2 (number), grain yield (g
m-2), biological yield (g m-2), harvest index (%) and
1000 grain weight (g). A large variation was observed inter and intra species
especially for agronomical traits. Average plant height, spike length, number
of spikes per m2, grain yield and 1000 grain yield of einkorn lines
were measured 107.9 cm, 4.9 cm, 751.4 per m2, 311.7 g m-2
ve 21.6 g, respectively. Average plant height, spike length, number of spikes
per m2, grain yield and 1000 grain yield of emmer lines were also
measured 101.7 cm, 5.9 cm, 548.9 per m2, 368.1 g m-2 and
35.9 g, respectively.
The
results indicated that the hulled wheat lines have an important genetic
variation to be benefited for breeding studies based on agromorphological traits.

Project Number

214O401

References

  • Abdel-Aal, E. S., Hucl, P., & Sosulski, F. W. (1995). Compositional and nutritional characteristics of a spring einkorn and spelt wheats. Cereal Chemistry, 72, 621-624.
  • Akar, T., & Eser, V. (2016). Ülkemizde kavuzlu buğday üretiminin dünü bugünü ve yarını. TURKTOB Dergisi, 18, 8-11.
  • Arzani, A., & Ashraf, M. (2017). Cultivated ancient wheats (Triticum spp.): A potential source of health-beneficial food products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16, 477-488.
  • Atar, B., & Kara, B. (2017). Comparison of grain yield and some characteristics of hulled, durum and bread wheat genotypes varieties. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 5(2), 159-163.
  • Brandolini, A., Hidalgo, A., & Moscaritolo, S. (2008). Chemical composition and pasting properties of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum) whole meal flour. Journal of Cereal Science, 47(3), 599-609.
  • Castagna, R., Borghi, B., Di Fonzo, N., Heum, M., & Salamini, F. (1995). Yield and related traits of einkorn (T. monococcum spp. monococcum) in different environments. European Journal of Agronomy, 4, 371-378.
  • Desheva, G., Valchinova, E., Kyosev, B., & Stoyanova, S. (2014). Grain physical characteristics and bread-making quality of alternative cereals towards common and durum wheat. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 26(5), 418-424.
  • Ertop, M.H., & Atasoy, R. (2019). Comparison of physicochemical attributes of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) and durum wheat (Triticum durum) and evaluation of morphological properties using scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25(1), 93-99.
  • FAOSTAT. (2018). Crop Statistics. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Giacintucci, V., Guardeño, L., Puig, A., Hernando, I., Sacchetti, G., & Pittia, P. (2014). Composition, protein contents, and microstructural characterisation of grains and flours of emmer wheats (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) of the central Italy type. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 32(2), 115-121.
  • Gurcan, K., Demirel, F., Tekin, M., Demirel, S., & Akar T. (2017). Molecular and agro-morphological characterization of ancient wheat landraces of Turkey. BMC Plant Biology, S17, 9-18.
  • IBPGR. (1985). Descriptors for wheat (revised). International Board for Plant Genetic Resources. http://genbank.vurv.cz/ewdb/asp/IPGRI_descr_1985.pdf Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Kaplan, M., Akar, T., Kamalak, A., & Bulut, S. (2014). Use of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat genotypes for animal feding. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 38, 838-846.
  • Konvalina, P., Capouchova, I., Stehno, Z., & Moudry, J. (2010). Agronomic characteristics of the spring forms of the wheat landraces (einkorn, emmer, spelt, intermediate bread wheat) grown in organic farming. Journal of Agrobiology, 27, 9-17.
  • Longin, C. F. H., Ziegler, J., Schweiggert, R., Koehler, P., Carle, R., & Würschum, T. (2016). Comparative study of hulled (einkorn, emmer, and spelt) and naked wheats (durum and bread wheat): agronomic performance and quality traits. Crop Science, 56, 302-311.
  • Munns, R., James, R. A., Xu, B., Athman A., Conn S. J., Jordans C., Byrt, C. S., Hare, R. A., Tyerman, S. D., Tester, M., Plett, D., & Gilliham, M. (2012). Wheat grain yield on saline soils is improved by an ancestral Na⁺ transporter gene. Nature Biotechnology, 30(4), 360-4.
  • Newton, A. C., Akar, T., Baresel, J. P., Bebeli, P. J., Bettencourt, E., Bladenpoulos, K. V., Czembor, J. H., Fasoula, D. A., Katsiotis, A., Koutis, K., Koutsika-Sotiriou, M., Kovacs, G., Larsson, H., Pinherio de Carvalho, M. A. A., Rubiales, D., Russell, J., Dos Santos, T. M. M., & Vaz Patto, M. C. (2010). Cereal landraces for sustainable agriculture: A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 30(2), 237-269.
  • Ozkan, H., Brandolini, A., Schafer-Pregl, R., & Salamini, F. (2002). AFLP analysis of a collection of tetraploid wheats indicates the origin of emmer and hard wheat domestication in Southeast Turkey. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24, 1224-1233.
  • Özgen, M., Adak, M. S., Söylemezoğlu, G., & Ulukan, H. (1995). Bitkisel gen kaynaklarının korunma ve kullanımında yeni yaklaşımlar. http://www.zmo.org.tr/ resimler/ekler/4e422f05b68cc01_ek.pdf Erişim tarihi: 29 Aralık 2017.
  • Padulosi, S., Hodgkin, T., Williams, J. T., & Haq, N. (2002). Underutilized crops: Trends, challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. In J. M. M. Engels, V. Ramanatha Rao, A. H. D. Brown, M. T. Jackson (Eds.), Managing Plant Genetic Diversity (pp. 323-338). Rome, Italy, nternational Plant Genetic Resources Institute.
  • Stallknecht, G. F., Gilbertson, K. M., Ranney, J. E. (1996). Altenative wheat cereals as food grains: Einkorn, emmer, spelt, kamut and triticale. In J. Janick (Ed.), Progress in New Crops (pp. 156-170). Alexandria, VA, ASHS Press.
  • Tekin, M., Cengiz, M.F., Abbasov, M., Aksoy, A., Canci, H., & Akar, T. (2018). Comparison of some mineral nutrients and vitamins in advanced hulled wheat lines. Cereal Chemistry, 95, 436-444.
  • TUIK. (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr Erişim tarihi: 30 Haziran 2019.
  • Unal, H. G. (2009). Some physical and nutritional properties of hulled wheat. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 56, 58-64.
  • Uzundzalieva, K., Desheva, G., Valchinova, E., & Kyosev, B. (2016). Comparative evaluation of einkorn accessions (Triticum monococcum L.) of some main agricultural characters. Agro-knowledge Journal, 17, 69-80.
  • Vallega, V. (1979). Field performance of varieties of Triticum monococcum, T. durum, and Hordeum vulgare grown at two locations. Genetica Agraria, 33, 363-370.
  • Vallega, V. (1992). Agronomic performance and breeding value of selected strains of diploid wheat, Triticum monococcum. Euphytica, 61, 13-23.
  • Zaharieva, M., & Monneveux, P. (2014). Cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum): The long life of a founder crop of agriculture. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61, 677-706.
  • Zengin, G. (2015). Bazı ilkel buğdaylarda kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Zhao, F. J., Su, Y. H., Dunham, S. J., Rakszegi, M., Bedo, Z., McGrath, S. P., & Shewry, P. R. (2009). Variation in mineral micronutrient concentrations in grain of wheat lines of diverse origin. Journal of Cereal Science, 49, 290-295.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Field Crops
Authors

İlknur Coşkun This is me 0000-0002-3660-3271

Mehmet Tekin 0000-0002-3447-1586

Taner Akar 0000-0002-3488-3943

Project Number 214O401
Publication Date December 13, 2019
Submission Date July 10, 2019
Acceptance Date October 14, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Coşkun, İ., Tekin, M., & Akar, T. (2019). Türkiye Kökenli Diploid ve Tetraploid Kavuzlu Buğday Hatlarının Bazı Agro-morfolojik Özellikler Bakımından Tanımlanması. Uluslararası Tarım Ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 322-334. https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.590103

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