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Turizm Sektöründe Metaverse’ün Geleceği: Araç mı, Amaç mı?

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2 - International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 143 - 152, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.30625/ijctr.1389900

Abstract

Metaverse, sanal gerçeklik ve artırılmış gerçeklik teknolojilerini kullanarak gerçek dünyayla sanal dünyanın bir araya geldiği bir sanal evrendir. Metaverse, turizm sektöründe devrim yaratacak bir teknoloji potansiyeline sahiptir. Metaverse, turistlerin seyahat deneyimlerini daha kolay, daha kişiselleştirilmiş ve daha güvenli hale getirebilecek bir uygulama olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu durum, Metaverse’ün turizm sektöründe büyük bir büyüme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Metaverse uygulamalarının küresel turizm ekosistemin üzerindeki etkilerini sektör profesyonellerinin görüşleri bağlamında belirleyerek bu etkilerin neden olacağı değişimin çerçevesini (framework) belirlemeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma nitel araştırma ve keşifsel tasarımla yürütülmüş, 8 sektör yöneticisi ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, Metaverse’ün özellikle satış öncesi aşamasında ve müşteri iletişiminde, iş yapma biçimlerinin yenilenmesinde, personel eğitiminde ve yeni turistik ürünlerin oluşturulmasında etkilerinin görüleceğini göstermektedir. Ancak, sektörde dijital hizmetlerin yeterince gelişmiş olmaması ve Meta evrende profesyonel uygulamalar geliştirmek ya da bu geliştiricilerle birlikte çalışmak ve bunu müşteriye sunmak daha başlangıç aşamasında olması Metaverse’ün turizm sektöründe henüz etkin bir şekilde kullanılmadığını göstermektedir. Sektör yöneticilerinin Metaverse ve turizm sektörü üzerindeki etkileri ile ilgili görüşlerini ortaya koyması bu çalışmanın sonuçlarını önemli kılmakta ve özgün değerini arttırmaktadır.

References

  • Babur, Y. (2022). Metaverse ağında turizm endüstrisinin rolü. Turizm Ekonomi ve İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 91-101.
  • Bayram, A. (2022). Metaleisure: Leisure time habits to be changed with metaverse. Journal of Metaverse, 2(1), 1-7.
  • Buhalis, D., ve Karatay, N. (2022). Mixed Reality (MR) for Generation Z in cultural heritage tourism towards Metaverse, Stienmetz, J.L., Ferrer-Rosell, B. & Massimo, D. (Eds.), ENTER22 e-Tourism Conference (pp. 16-27). Springer International Publishing.
  • Chow, Y. W., Susilo, W., Li, Y., Li, N., ve Nguyen, C. (2022). Visualization and cybersecurity in the Metaverse: A survey. Journal of Imaging, 9(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9010011.
  • Chung, N., Han, H., ve Joun, Y. (2015). Tourists’ intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 588-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.068.
  • Denir, Ç. (2022). Metaverse teknolojisinin otel sektörünün geleceğine etkileri üzerine bir inceleme. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 10(1), 542-555. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2022.1003.
  • Di Pietro, R., & Cresci, S. (2021). Metaverse: Security and privacy issues, 2021 Third IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (pp. 281-288). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPSISA52974.2021.00032.
  • Ercan, F. (2022). Metaverse teknolojisinin gelecekte turizm sektörüne olası etkilerini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(4), 1063-1092. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1225882.
  • Gössling, S., ve Schweiggart, N. (2022). Two years of COVID-19 and tourism: What we learned, and what we should have learned. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(4), 915-931. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2029872.
  • Gupta, S. (2022). Metaverse the new door of teaching in hospitality industry. https://hospitality.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/speaking-heads/metaverse-the-new-door-of-teaching-in-hospitality-industry/89035333.
  • Gursoy, D., Malodia, S., ve Dhir, A. (2022) The metaverse in the hospitality and tourism industry: An overview of current trends and future research directions, Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 31(5), 527–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2022.2072504.
  • Güripek, E. (2022). Metaverse (öte evren) ve turizm. Kurgun, H. & Aktaş, E. (Eds.), Turizm ve Teknoloji: Sürdürülebilirlik Yaklaşımıyla (ss. 163-177). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Hazan, S. (2008). Musing the Metaverse. 2008 Annual Conference of CIDOC, (pp. 1-26). https://cidoc.mini.icom.museum/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/12/63_papers.pdf.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T., Aliman, D. N., Herting, A.M., Cziehso, G. P., Linder, M., ve Kübler, R.V. (2022). Social interactions in the metaverse: Framework, initial evidence, and research roadmap. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 51, 899-913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-022-00908-0.
  • Huynh-The, T., Pham, Q. V., Pham, X. Q., Nguyen, T. T., Han, Z., ve Kim, D.S. (2023). Artificial intelligence for the metaverse: A survey. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 117, 105581.
  • Kirk, J. & Miller, M.L. (1986). Reliability and validity in qualitative research. Sage Publications.
  • LeCompte, M. D. ve Goetz, J. P. (1982). Problems of reliability and validity in ethnographic research. Review of Educational Research, 52(1), 31-60.
  • Leenes, R. (2008). Privacy in the Metaverse- Regulating a complex social construct in a Virtual World Fischer-Hübner, S., Duquenoy, P., Zuccato, A. & Martucci, L. (Eds.), The Future of Identity in the Information Society (pp. 95-112). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79026-8_7.
  • Marasco, A., Buonincontri, P., Niekerk, M., Orlowski, M., ve Okumus, F. (2018). Exploring the role of next-generation virtual technologies in destination marketing. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 138-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.12.002.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research, Family Practice, 13(6), 522-525
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. Çev. Prof. Dr. Selahattin Turan. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Mooi, E. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). A concise guide to market research: The process, data and methods using IBM SPSS statistics, Springer-Verlag.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2020). Toplumsal araştırma yöntemleri: Nicel ve nitel yaklaşımlar. Yayın Odası.
  • Radoff, J. (2021). The metaverse value-chain. https://medium.com/building-the-metaverse/the-metaverse-value-chain-afcf9e09e3a7.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach, (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Serçek, S., ve Korkmaz, M. (2023). Turizm sektöründe Metaverse’ün kullanımına ilişkin sistematik bir literatür çalışması. Sosyal, Beşerî ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 6(5), 701-721. https://doi.org/10.26677/TR1010.2023.1228.
  • Stephenson, N. (1992). Snow crash. Bantam Books.
  • Travel Voice. (2021). Meta Tourism, a new tourism concept, kicks off in Japan, visualizing meanings and values of contents on a digital map. https://www.travelvoice.jp/english/meta-tourism-a-new-tourism-concept-kicks-off-in-japan-visualizing-meanings-and-values-of-contents-on-a-digital-map.
  • Tsai, S. (2022) Investigating metaverse marketing for travel and tourism. Journal of Vacation Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667221145715.
  • Um, T., Kim, H., Kim, H., Lee, J., Koo, C. & Chung, N. (2022). Travel incheon as a metaverse: Smart tourism cities development case in Korea, Stienmetz, J.L., Ferrer-Rosell, B. & Massimo, D. (Eds.), ENTER22 e-Tourism Conference (pp. 226-231). Springer International Publishing.
  • Virtual Tourist. (2022). Virtual tourism. https://www.virtualtourist.io/tourism.
  • Vasalou, A., ve Joinson, A. N. (2009). Me, myself and I: The role of interactional context on self-presentation through avatars. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 510-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.11.007.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zyda, M (2022). Let’s rename everything “the Metaverse!”, Computer, 55 (3), 124-129.

The Future of Metaverse in the Tourism Industry: Tool or Purpose?

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2 - International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 143 - 152, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.30625/ijctr.1389900

Abstract

Metaverse is a virtual universe where the real world and the virtual world come together using virtual reality and augmented reality technologies. Metaverse has the potential to revolutionize the tourism industry. Metaverse stands out as an application that can make tourists' travel experiences easier, more personalized and safer. This shows that Metaverse has great growth potential in the tourism industry. This study aims to determine the effects of Metaverse applications on the global tourism ecosystem in the context of the opinions of industry professionals and to determine the framework of the change that these effects will cause. The study was conducted with qualitative research and exploratory design, and the data obtained as a result of interviews with 8 sector managers were evaluated. The findings obtained from this study show that the effects of Metaverse will be seen especially in the pre-sales phase and customer communication, renewal of business styles, personnel training and creation of new touristic products. However, the fact that digital services in the sector are not sufficiently developed and that developing professional applications in the Metaverse or working with these developers and presenting it to the customer is still in its infancy, shows that Metaverse is not yet used effectively in the tourism sector. The fact that sector managers express their opinions about Metaverse and its effects on the tourism sector makes the results of this study important and increases its original value.

References

  • Babur, Y. (2022). Metaverse ağında turizm endüstrisinin rolü. Turizm Ekonomi ve İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 91-101.
  • Bayram, A. (2022). Metaleisure: Leisure time habits to be changed with metaverse. Journal of Metaverse, 2(1), 1-7.
  • Buhalis, D., ve Karatay, N. (2022). Mixed Reality (MR) for Generation Z in cultural heritage tourism towards Metaverse, Stienmetz, J.L., Ferrer-Rosell, B. & Massimo, D. (Eds.), ENTER22 e-Tourism Conference (pp. 16-27). Springer International Publishing.
  • Chow, Y. W., Susilo, W., Li, Y., Li, N., ve Nguyen, C. (2022). Visualization and cybersecurity in the Metaverse: A survey. Journal of Imaging, 9(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9010011.
  • Chung, N., Han, H., ve Joun, Y. (2015). Tourists’ intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 588-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.068.
  • Denir, Ç. (2022). Metaverse teknolojisinin otel sektörünün geleceğine etkileri üzerine bir inceleme. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 10(1), 542-555. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2022.1003.
  • Di Pietro, R., & Cresci, S. (2021). Metaverse: Security and privacy issues, 2021 Third IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (pp. 281-288). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPSISA52974.2021.00032.
  • Ercan, F. (2022). Metaverse teknolojisinin gelecekte turizm sektörüne olası etkilerini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(4), 1063-1092. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1225882.
  • Gössling, S., ve Schweiggart, N. (2022). Two years of COVID-19 and tourism: What we learned, and what we should have learned. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(4), 915-931. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2029872.
  • Gupta, S. (2022). Metaverse the new door of teaching in hospitality industry. https://hospitality.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/speaking-heads/metaverse-the-new-door-of-teaching-in-hospitality-industry/89035333.
  • Gursoy, D., Malodia, S., ve Dhir, A. (2022) The metaverse in the hospitality and tourism industry: An overview of current trends and future research directions, Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 31(5), 527–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2022.2072504.
  • Güripek, E. (2022). Metaverse (öte evren) ve turizm. Kurgun, H. & Aktaş, E. (Eds.), Turizm ve Teknoloji: Sürdürülebilirlik Yaklaşımıyla (ss. 163-177). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Hazan, S. (2008). Musing the Metaverse. 2008 Annual Conference of CIDOC, (pp. 1-26). https://cidoc.mini.icom.museum/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/12/63_papers.pdf.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T., Aliman, D. N., Herting, A.M., Cziehso, G. P., Linder, M., ve Kübler, R.V. (2022). Social interactions in the metaverse: Framework, initial evidence, and research roadmap. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 51, 899-913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-022-00908-0.
  • Huynh-The, T., Pham, Q. V., Pham, X. Q., Nguyen, T. T., Han, Z., ve Kim, D.S. (2023). Artificial intelligence for the metaverse: A survey. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 117, 105581.
  • Kirk, J. & Miller, M.L. (1986). Reliability and validity in qualitative research. Sage Publications.
  • LeCompte, M. D. ve Goetz, J. P. (1982). Problems of reliability and validity in ethnographic research. Review of Educational Research, 52(1), 31-60.
  • Leenes, R. (2008). Privacy in the Metaverse- Regulating a complex social construct in a Virtual World Fischer-Hübner, S., Duquenoy, P., Zuccato, A. & Martucci, L. (Eds.), The Future of Identity in the Information Society (pp. 95-112). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79026-8_7.
  • Marasco, A., Buonincontri, P., Niekerk, M., Orlowski, M., ve Okumus, F. (2018). Exploring the role of next-generation virtual technologies in destination marketing. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 138-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.12.002.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research, Family Practice, 13(6), 522-525
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. Çev. Prof. Dr. Selahattin Turan. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Mooi, E. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). A concise guide to market research: The process, data and methods using IBM SPSS statistics, Springer-Verlag.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2020). Toplumsal araştırma yöntemleri: Nicel ve nitel yaklaşımlar. Yayın Odası.
  • Radoff, J. (2021). The metaverse value-chain. https://medium.com/building-the-metaverse/the-metaverse-value-chain-afcf9e09e3a7.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach, (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Serçek, S., ve Korkmaz, M. (2023). Turizm sektöründe Metaverse’ün kullanımına ilişkin sistematik bir literatür çalışması. Sosyal, Beşerî ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 6(5), 701-721. https://doi.org/10.26677/TR1010.2023.1228.
  • Stephenson, N. (1992). Snow crash. Bantam Books.
  • Travel Voice. (2021). Meta Tourism, a new tourism concept, kicks off in Japan, visualizing meanings and values of contents on a digital map. https://www.travelvoice.jp/english/meta-tourism-a-new-tourism-concept-kicks-off-in-japan-visualizing-meanings-and-values-of-contents-on-a-digital-map.
  • Tsai, S. (2022) Investigating metaverse marketing for travel and tourism. Journal of Vacation Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667221145715.
  • Um, T., Kim, H., Kim, H., Lee, J., Koo, C. & Chung, N. (2022). Travel incheon as a metaverse: Smart tourism cities development case in Korea, Stienmetz, J.L., Ferrer-Rosell, B. & Massimo, D. (Eds.), ENTER22 e-Tourism Conference (pp. 226-231). Springer International Publishing.
  • Virtual Tourist. (2022). Virtual tourism. https://www.virtualtourist.io/tourism.
  • Vasalou, A., ve Joinson, A. N. (2009). Me, myself and I: The role of interactional context on self-presentation through avatars. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 510-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.11.007.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zyda, M (2022). Let’s rename everything “the Metaverse!”, Computer, 55 (3), 124-129.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism Management
Journal Section Original Scientific Article
Authors

Erdem Aktaş 0000-0002-7439-8918

İlkay Taş 0000-0001-7590-8177

Avşar Kurgun 0000-0002-2092-5292

Early Pub Date December 28, 2023
Publication Date December 29, 2023
Submission Date November 13, 2023
Acceptance Date December 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 2 - International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research

Cite

APA Aktaş, E., Taş, İ., & Kurgun, A. (2023). Turizm Sektöründe Metaverse’ün Geleceği: Araç mı, Amaç mı?. Uluslararası Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.30625/ijctr.1389900