Estimation of Spinal Dysfunction in Construction Site Labourers
Year 2024,
Volume: 7 Issue: 5, 955 - 967
Tanisha Hiwalkar
,
Sandeep Shinde
,
Pooja Jain
Abstract
Purpose: The study aimed to assess the extent of spinal dysfunction experienced by construction site workers, considering factors such as experience, posture, discomfort, range of motion, and muscle strength. Method: This cross-sectional study selected 107 construction workers from various sites using a simple random sample approach, which was secured in writing. The study utilized various assessment tools, including the Double Leg Lowering Test, Nordic Musculoskeletal Pain Rating Scale, and Posture assessment, to evaluate the patient's pain levels using the SPSS version 23.0. Findings: The study found a significant correlation (P=0.0376) between worker type and postural abnormalities. Masons had 68.4% severe lumbar lordosis, 78.9% hyperextended knees, and 86.3% prominent thoracic kyphosis. There was significant correlation (P 0.0001) between the workers' experience and results of the double leg lowering test. Furthermore, there was a significant difference (P= 0.0017) between the Visual Analogue Pain Rating Scale and work experience. As laborers become more experienced, their abdominal muscles may weaken, causing significant tension on their spines. Conclusion: The study concluded that construction site workers with 10+ years of experience, undergo significant spinal dysfunction due to decreased abdominal muscle strength, resulting in increased strain on their spines.
Ethical Statement
Ethical approval (KIMSDU/IEC/01/2021) was obtained from the Institutional Ethical Committee of KIMSDU
Supporting Institution
Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
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- Mishra, A. K. (2012). Planned Development and Social Security Measures for Unorganised Workers: Retrospect and Prospects in India. IASSI-Quarterly, 31(2), 60-78.[CrossRef]
- Mutatkar, R. (2013). Social protection in India: Current approaches and issues. Social protection, economic growth and social change, 102-116. [CrossRef]
- Neeraja, T., & SWAROCHISH, C. (2014). The factors associated with MSDs among construction workers. Journal of human ergology, 43(1), 1-8. [CrossRef]
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- Nimbarte, A. D., Aghazadeh, F., Ikuma, L. H., & Harvey, C. M. (2010). Neck disorders among construction workers: understanding the physical loads on the cervical spine during static lifting tasks. Industrial health, 48(2), 145-153. [PubMed]
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- Punnett, L., Prüss‐Ütün, A., Nelson, D. I., Fingerhut, M. A., Leigh, J., Tak, S., et al. (2005). Estimating the global burden of low back pain attributable to combined occupational exposures. American journal of industrial medicine, 48(6), 459-469. [PubMed]
- Punnett, L., & Wegman, D. H. (2004). Work-related musculoskeletal disorders: the epidemiologic evidence and the debate. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology, 14(1), 13-23.[PubMed]
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- Rathod, S. R., Vyas, N. J., &Sorani, D. M. (2021). Relationship between double leg lowering test and core strength test of the lumbar spine in normal healthy individuals. Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of MedicalSciences, 26(1), 23-27. [CrossRef]
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- Sahu, S., SETT, M., & Gangopadhyay, S. (2010). An ergonomic study on teenage girls working in the manual brick manufacturing units in the unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India. Journal of Human Ergology, 39(1), 35-44. [CrossRef]
- Sahu, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Basu, K., & Paul, G. (2010). The ergonomic evaluation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among construction labourers working in unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India. Journal of human ergology, 39(2), 99-109. [CrossRef]
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- Shinde, S. B., & Bhende, R. P. (2023). Estimation of spinal muscle performance in work from home information technology professionals of karad, India in 2021. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 27(2), 138-142. [PubMed]
Year 2024,
Volume: 7 Issue: 5, 955 - 967
Tanisha Hiwalkar
,
Sandeep Shinde
,
Pooja Jain
References
- Abrams, D., Davidson, M., Harrick, J., Harcourt, P., Zylinski, M., & Clancy, J., et.al. (2006). Monitoring the change: current trends in outcome measure usage in physiotherapy. Manual therapy, 11(1), 46-53. [CrossRef]
- Adeyemi, O., Adejuyigbe, S., AkanbI, O., Ismaila, S., & Adekoya, A. F. (2013). Manual lifting task methods and low back pain among construction workers in the Southwestern Nigeria. Global J Res Eng, 13(3), 27-34. [PubMed]
- Alghadir, A. H., Anwer, S., Iqbal, A., & Iqbal, Z. A. (2018). Test–retest reliability, validity, and minimum detectable change of visual analog, numerical rating, and verbal rating scales for measurement of osteoarthritic knee pain. Journal of pain research, 851-856. [PubMed]
- Armstrong, T. J. (1986). Upper-extremity posture: definition, measurement and control. The ergonomics of working postures: Models, Methods and Cases. Taylor & Francis, London: 59-73. [PubMed]
- Armstrong, T. J., Buckle, P., Fine, L. J., Hagberg, M., Jonsson, B., Kilbom, A., et al. (1993). A conceptual model for work-related neck and upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 73-84. [PubMed]
- Babasaheb, S. S., Rajesh, K. K., Yeshwant, K. S., & Patil, S. (2021). Analysis of spinal dysfunction in breast cancer survivors with lymphedema. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP, 22(6), 1869. [PubMed]
- Baruah, B. (2010). Gender and globalization: opportunities and constraints faced by women in the construction industry in India. Labor Studies Journal, 35(2), 198-221.[PubMed]
- Bowles, P., & MacPhail, F. (2008). Introduction to the special issue on pathways from casual work to economic security: Canadian and international perspectives. Social Indicators Research, 88, 1-13. [CrossRef]
- Buchholz, B., Paquet, V., Punnett, L., Lee, D., & Moir, S. (1996). PATH: A work sampling-based approach to ergonomic job analysis for construction and other non-repetitive work. Applied ergonomics, 27(3), 177-187. [ PubMed]
- Chiluba, B. C., Chansa, C., Chikoti, M., Thewo, S., & Sakala, S. (2019). A Comparison of The Prevalence of Low Back Pain in Formal and Informal Occupation Setup: A Review of The Literature. Journal of Integral Sciences, 24-28. [CrossRef]
- Corlett, E. N., & Bishop, R. P. (1976). A technique for assessing postural discomfort. Ergonomics, 19(2), 175-182. [PubMed]
- Cuthbert, S. C., & Goodheart Jr, G. J. (2007). On the reliability and validity of manual muscle testing: a literature review. Chiropractic & osteopathy, 15(1), 4. [PubMed]
- Dawson, A. P., Steele, E. J., Hodges, P. W., & Stewart, S. (2009). Development and test–retest reliability of an extended version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E): a screening instrument for musculoskeletal pain. The Journal of Pain, 10(5), 517-526.[PubMed]
- Gervais, M. (2003). Good management practice as a means of preventing back disorders in the construction sector. Safety science, 41(1), 77-88. [CrossRef]
- Häkkänen, M., Viikari-Juntura, E., & Takala, E. P. (1997). Effects of changes in work methods on musculoskeletal load. An intervention study in the trailer assembly. Applied Ergonomics, 28(2), 99-108. [PubMed]
- Harrianto, R., Samara, D., Tjhin, P., & Wartono, M. (2009). Manual handling as risk factor of low back pain among workers. Universa Medicina, 28(3), 170-178. [CrossRef]
- Haslam, R. A., Hide, S. A., Gibb, A. G., Gyi, D. E., Pavitt, T., Atkinson, S., et al. (2005). Contributing factors in construction accidents. Applied ergonomics, 36(4), 401-415. [PubMed]
- Holmström, E. B. (1992). Musculoskeletal disorders in construction workers related to physical, psychosocial, and individual factors. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 63(sup247), 55-55. [CrossRef]
- Jain, S., Shinde, S., & Jain, P. Correlation Between Direction of Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc (PIVD) And Lumbar Vertebral Alignment. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(2), 315-325. [CrossRef]
- Jinadu, M. K. (1987). Occupational health and safety in a newly industrializing country. Journal of the Royal Society of Health, 107(1), 8-10. [PubMed]
- Kaneda, K., Shirai, Y., & Miyamoto, M. (2001). An epidemiological study on occupational low back pain among people who work in construction. Journal of Nippon Medical School, 68(4), 310-317. [PubMed]
- Kulkarni, M., & Shinde, S. B. (2020). Effect of occupational load specific exercise protocol on cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb in construction workers. Age, 25(30), 31-45. [CrossRef]
- Kusmasari, W., & Sutalaksana, I. Z. (2018). Risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms of construction workers: a systematic literature review. KnE Life Sciences, 1-15. [CrossRef]
- Latza, U., Karmaus, W., Stürmer, T., Steiner, M., Neth, A., & Rehder, U. (2000). Cohort study of occupational risk factors of low back pain in construction workers. Occupational and environmental medicine, 57(1), 28-34. [PubMed]
- Latza, U., Pfahlberg, A., & Gefeller, O. (2002). Impact of repetitive manual materials handling and psychosocial work factors on the future prevalence of chronic low-back pain among construction workers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 314-323. [PubMed]
- Lette, A., Hussen, A., Kumbi, M., Nuriye, S., & Lamore, Y. (2019). Musculoskeletal pain and associated factors among building construction workers in southeastern Ethiopia. Ergonomics Int J, 3(5), 000214. [CrossRef]
- Martin, D. P., Engelberg, R., Agel, J., Snapp, D., & Swiontkowski, M. F. (1996). Development of a musculoskeletal extremity health status instrument: the Musculoskeletal Function Assessment instrument. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 14(2), 173-181. [CrossRef]
- Meo, S. A., Alsaaran, Z. F., Alshehri, M. K., Khashougji, M. A., Almeterk, A. A. Z., Almutairi, S. F., et al. (2013). Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among building construction workers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 29(6), 1394. [PubMed]
- Mishra, A. K. (2012). Planned Development and Social Security Measures for Unorganised Workers: Retrospect and Prospects in India. IASSI-Quarterly, 31(2), 60-78.[CrossRef]
- Mutatkar, R. (2013). Social protection in India: Current approaches and issues. Social protection, economic growth and social change, 102-116. [CrossRef]
- Neeraja, T., & SWAROCHISH, C. (2014). The factors associated with MSDs among construction workers. Journal of human ergology, 43(1), 1-8. [CrossRef]
- Neeraja Telaprolu, N. T., Bhanwar Lal, B. L., & Swarochish Chekuri, S. C. (2013). Work related musculoskeletal disorders among unskilled Indian women construction workers.[CrossRef]
- Nimbarte, A. D., Aghazadeh, F., Ikuma, L. H., & Harvey, C. M. (2010). Neck disorders among construction workers: understanding the physical loads on the cervical spine during static lifting tasks. Industrial health, 48(2), 145-153. [PubMed]
- Ponnuswamy, B. (2003). Socioeconomic conditions of workers in urban informal sector a study of construction workers in chennai city.[CrossRef]
- Punnett, L., Prüss‐Ütün, A., Nelson, D. I., Fingerhut, M. A., Leigh, J., Tak, S., et al. (2005). Estimating the global burden of low back pain attributable to combined occupational exposures. American journal of industrial medicine, 48(6), 459-469. [PubMed]
- Punnett, L., & Wegman, D. H. (2004). Work-related musculoskeletal disorders: the epidemiologic evidence and the debate. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology, 14(1), 13-23.[PubMed]
- Rajasekhar, D., Suchitra, J. Y., Madheshwaran, S., & Karanth, G. K. (2006). At times when limbs may fail: Social Security for Unorganised workers in Karnataka (No. id: 331).[CrossRef]
- Rathod, S. R., Vyas, N. J., &Sorani, D. M. (2021). Relationship between double leg lowering test and core strength test of the lumbar spine in normal healthy individuals. Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of MedicalSciences, 26(1), 23-27. [CrossRef]
- Reddy, G. M., Nisha, B., Prabhushankar, T. G., & Vishwambhar, V. (2016). Musculoskeletal morbidity among construction workers: A cross-sectional community-based study. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 20(3), 144-149. [PubMed]
- Roy, D. (2022). Occupational health services and prevention of work-related musculoskeletal problems. In Handbook on Management and Employment Practices (pp. 547-571). Cham: Springer International Publishing. [CrossRef]
- Sahu, S., SETT, M., & Gangopadhyay, S. (2010). An ergonomic study on teenage girls working in the manual brick manufacturing units in the unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India. Journal of Human Ergology, 39(1), 35-44. [CrossRef]
- Sahu, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Basu, K., & Paul, G. (2010). The ergonomic evaluation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among construction labourers working in unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India. Journal of human ergology, 39(2), 99-109. [CrossRef]
- Shinde, S., &Ghadage, P. (2022). Return to job of a construction worker by comprehensive functional and vocational rehabilitation. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and HealthSciences, 5(2), 150-157.[CrossRef]
- Shinde, S. B., & Bhende, R. P. (2023). Estimation of spinal muscle performance in work from home information technology professionals of karad, India in 2021. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 27(2), 138-142. [PubMed]