Üst-Orta Gelirli Ülkelerde Çevre Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi: Ekonomik Büyümenin, Yenilenebilir Enerjinin ve Teknolojik Gelişimin Etkileri

Abstract

Karbondioksit emisyonları, çevresel hasara birincil katkıda bulunanlardır. Fosil enerji kaynaklarının CO2 emisyonu ürettiği göz önüne alındığında, ekonomik büyümenin çevresel açıdan nispeten sürdürülebilir olmasını sağlamak için alternatif enerji kaynaklarının geliştirilmesi ve teknolojinin ilerlemesi zorunludur. Bu çalışma, çevresel Kuznets eğrisi (EKC) teorisini dikkate alarak ekonomik büyüme ile çevresel bozulma arasındaki karmaşık ilişkileri, 14 yüksek orta gelire sahip ülkeler için 1990-2021 dönemi için ampirik olarak incelemektedir. Ayrıca çalışmada yenilenebilir enerji ve teknolojik gelişmenin kabondioksik salınımını azaltmadaki etkisini de dikkate almaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının çevresel kaliteyi artırarak çevresel sürdürülebilirliği sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Uzun dönem tahminlerde elde edilen bulgularda, hem teknolojik gelişmenin hem de yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının, seçilen 14 yüksek orta gelirli ülkede çevreyi nispeten kirlenmekten uzak tutarak ekonomik sürdürülebilirliği sağlamada önemli roller oynayabileceğini kanıtlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi
• CO2 Emisyonları
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Teknolojik Gelişim

Evaluating Environmental Quality in Upper-Middle-Income Countries: The Influence of Economic Growth, Renewable Energy and Technological Advancement

Abstract

Carbon dioxide emissions are the primary contributors to environmental damage. Since fossil fuels are the main sources of CO2 emissions, it is imperative to cultivate alternative energy sources and advance technology to ensure that economic growthremains comparatively environmentally sustainable. This paper empirically analyses the complex relationships between economic growth and environmental degradation, taking into account the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory theory for a panel of 14 upper-middle-income countries over the period 1990-2021. The results show that renewable energy sources can provide environmental sustainability by improving environmental quality. The findings obtained in the long-run estimations prove that both technological development and renewable energy sources can play important roles in ensuring economic sustainability by keeping the environment relatively pollution-free in the 14 selected upper-middle-income countries.

Keywords

• Environmental Kuznets Curve
• CO2 Emissions
• Economic Growth
• Renewable Energy
• Technological Development

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