Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü Ülkelerinde Makroekonomik Göstergelerin İhracat Rekabet Gücüne Etkisi

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü (ŞİÖ) üyesi ülkelerinin ihracat rekabet gücünü etkileyen makroekonomik göstergelerin saptanmasıdır. 2000-2017 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada, ülkelerin ihracat rekabet gücünün saptanması için Balassa indeksi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, çeşitli makroekonomik göstergelerin ŞİÖ ülkelerinin ihracat rekabet gücü üzerindeki etkisi AMG tahmincisi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, sadece cari açık değişkeni yakıt ürün grupları dışındaki ham maddelerin rekabet gücü üzerinde olumsuz yönde etkilidir. Başlıca imalat mallarının ihracat rekabet gücü üzerinde ise sadece kişi başına düşen gelir değişkeni olumsuz yönde etkilidir.

Keywords

• Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü
• İhracat Rekabet Gücü
• AMG Tahmincisi

Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators on Export Competitiveness in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine macroeconomic indicators affecting export competitiveness of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) countries. In the study covering the period 2000-2017, Balassa index was used to determine the export competitiveness of these countries. In the study, the effect of various macroeconomic indicators on export competitiveness of the SCO countries was analyzed using the AMG estimator. According to the results, only the current account deficit variable has negative effect on the competitiveness of crude materials except fuels product groups. Only the per capita income variable has a negative effect on the export competitiveness of the main manufacturing goods.

Keywords

• Shanghai Cooperation Organization
• Export Competitiveness
• AMG Estimator

References

1. ALIU, F., KNAPKOVA, A., MUSOLLI, N. (2017). Modeling the Fundamental Value of a Company: a Case Study of Electricity Distribution and Supply Company (keds). The 4th International Conference on Finance and Economics (225-236). Vietnam: ICFE.
2. AMAR, M. B., HAMDI, M. T. (2012). Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth: Empirical Verification for African Countries. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(6), 125-131.
3. AUZINA-EMSINAA, A. (2014). Labour Productivity, Economic Growth and Global Competitiveness in Post-Crisis Period. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 156, 317-321.
4. BALASSA, B. (1965). Trade Liberalisation and "Revealed" Comparative Advantage. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 99-123.
5. BALASSA, B., NOLAND, M. (1989). Revealed Comparative Advantage in Japan and the United States. Journal of International Economic Integration, 4(2), 8-22.
6. BAUMANN, C. (2011). The role of culture, competitiveness and economic performance in explaining academic performance: a global market analysis for international student segmentation. Journal of Marketing For Higher Education, 21(2), 181-201.
7. CAZACU, A.-M. (2015). Determinants of Non-performing Loans Ratio. Evidence from Firm-level Data. International Finance and Banking Conference (354-358). Bucharest, Romania: IFBA.
8. EBERHARDT, M., BOND, S. (2009). Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: a novel estimator. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 1-26.

9. FAFALIOU, I., POLEMIS, M. L. (2013). Competitiveness of the Euro Zone Manufacturing: A Panel Data Analysis. International Advances in Economic Research, 19, 45-61.
10. GERNI, C. et al. (2013). The Analysis of Competitiveness and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Transition Countries. International Business Research, 6(5), 117-122.
11. GHERMAN, A. et al. (2013). Exchange rate volatility effects on export competitiveness: Romanian Case. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 20, 39-50.
12. HINLOOPEN, J., MARREWIJK, C. V. (2001). On the empirical distribution of the Balassa Index. Review of World Economics, 137(1), 1-35.
13. İLGÜN, M. F. (2016). Mali Sürdürülebilirlik: OECD Ülkelerine Yönelik Panel Veri Analizi. Ataturk University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 30(1), 69-90.
14. KESKIN, H. İ., AKSOY, E. (2019). OECD ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Gelir Artışı ve İşgücüne Katılım Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 54(1), 1-20.
15. KORDALSKA, A., OLCZYK, M. (2016). Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth: A One-Way or Two-Way Relationship? Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 11(1), 121-142.
16. KOWAL, J., PALIWODA-PĘKOSZ, G. (2017). ICT for Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth in Emerging Economies: Economic, Cultural, and Social Innovations for Human Capital in Transition Economies. Information Systems Management, 34(4), 304-307.
17. MESSINA, W. A., BONNETT, E. T., Taylor, T. G. (2001). Cuba: A view of Revealed Export Advantage. ASCE, (102-104).
18. MOHAMAD, S. et al. (2009). Exchange Rates and Export Competitiveness in Selected ASEAN Economies. International Business Research, 2(2), 156-166.
19. MURATOĞLU, Y., MURATOĞLU, G. (2016). Determinants of Export Competitiveness: Evidence from OECD Manufacturing. Economics and Political Economy, 3(1), 111-118.
20. PESARAN, H., ULLAH, A., YAMAGATA, T. (2008). A Bias-Adjusted LM Test of Error Cross Section Independence. Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105-127.
21. PESARAN, M. H. (2004). General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels. Germany: IZA Discussion Paper.
22. PESARAN, M. H. (2007). A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 265-312.
23. PESARAN, M. H., YAMAGATA, T. (2008). Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142, 50-93.
24. PILINKIENE, V. (2016). Trade Openness, Economic Growth and Competitiveness. The Case of the Central and Eastern European Countries. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 27(2), 185-194.
25. RAMIREZ, J. (2004). Impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTA) on Competitiveness:Identifying and Preparing for Threats and Opportunities. International Business Strategies in Latin America-Sumaq Summit 04, (12). Colombia.
26. STOJČIĆ, N. et al. (2012). The Competitiveness of Exports from Manufacturing Industries in Croatia and Slovenia to the EU-15 Market: A Dynamic Panel Analysis. Croatian Economic Survey, 14(1), 69-105.
27. SWAMY, P. A. (1970). Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model. Econometrica Journal, 38(2), 311-323.
28. ŞENER, S., SARIDOĞAN, E. (2011). The Effects Of Science-Technology-Innovation On Competitiveness And Economic Growth. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 815-828.
29. TERZIĆ, L. (2017). The Role of Innovation in Fostering Competitiveness and Economic Growth: Evidence from Developing Economies. Comparative Economic Research, 20(4), 65-81.
30. WESTERLUND, J. (2005). New Simple Tests for Panel Cointegration. Econometric Reviews , 297-316.Zaidi, S. A., Zafar, M. W., & Shahbaz, M. (2019). Dynamic linkages between globalization,financial development andcarbon emissions: Evidence from Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 533-543.
31. ZHANG, K. H. (2015). What Drives Export Competitiveness? The Role of FDI in Chinese Manufacturing. Contemporary Economic Policy, 33(3), 499-512.