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Analysis of Global Financial Crises In BIST30 Index By Using Financial Contagion Model

Year 2020, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 857 - 877, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.202035413

Abstract

The global financial crisis has significantly affected the financial markets and macroeconomic variables of many countries. This could not be explained by addressing only structural problems in the basic indicators of the country. For this reason, contagion has been used frequently to analyze the spread of financial disorders recently. The aim of this study is to test the presence of financial contagion effect and herding behavior between S&P500 index and BIST30 index based on the cross-sectional absolute deviation by using the daily closing prices for the period of January 5, 2006 – November 12, 2019. In order to examine the effects of the 2008 global financial crisis, the analysis period is also divided into two sub-periods, including crisis and post-crisis. The developed "Financial Contagion Model" analyze with the help of both OLS and asymmetric GARCH type models in different currencies. As a result, financial contagion effect has always existed for the whole period, the period including the crisis and the post-crisis period; however, the spreading effect of the crisis through herd behavior was found to be statistically and economically significant only in the post-crisis period, contrary to expectations. An important finding of the study is that the financial contagion coefficient and the signs of the herd behavior coefficient do not change when the currency type differs for each analysis period, so there is no need for currency harmonization for variables.

References

  • ALEXANDER, C. (2001). Market Models: A Guide to Financial Data Analysis, Wiley.
  • BEKAERT, G. EHRMANN, M., MEHL, A. (2011). Global Crises and Equity Market Contagion, European Central Bank Working Paper Series, No:1381, 1-45.
  • BERNANKE, B.S. (2013). Board of Governers of the Reserve System before the Joint Economic Comittie U.S. Congress, May 22 2013, 1-8
  • BOLGÜN, K.E. VE AKÇAY, B.M. (2005). Risk Yönetimi. 2.Baskı, İstanbul: Scala Yayıncılık.
  • BOLLERSLEV, T. (1986). Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity. Journal of Econometrics, 31(3):307-327.
  • CARAMAZZO, F. RICCI, L., SALGADO, R. (2000). Trade and Financial Contagion in Currency Crises, IMF Working Paper, 1-48.
  • CHANG, E. C., CHENG J.W., KHORANA, A., (2000). An Examination of Herd Behavior in Equity Markets: An International Perspective. Journal of Banking & Finance. 24(10):1651-1679.
  • CHRISTIE, W.G., HUANG, R.D. (1995). Following the Pied Piper: Do Individual Returns Herd around the Market”, Financial Analysts Journal, 51, 31–37.
  • DING, Z., GRANGER, C.W.J., Engle. R.F. (1993) A Long Memory Property of Stock Market Returns and A New Model. Journal of Empirical Finance, (1):83-106.
  • DOĞUKANLI, H., ERGÜN, B. (2015). BİST’te Sürü Davranışı: Hwang ve Salmon Yöntemi ile Bir Araştırma. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 52(603):1-18.
  • DUNGEY, M., TAMBAKIS, D. (2003). International Financial Contagion: What Do We Know?. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics (CWPE), 9:1-23.
  • ELKHALDI, A., ABELFATTEH, Y. B. (2014). Testing Herding Effects on Financial Assets Pricing: The Case of the Tunisian Stockl Market. British Journal of Economics Management&Trade, 4(7):1046-1059.
  • ENGLE, R.F. (1982). Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation. Econometrica, 50(4):987–1007.
  • ENGLE, R.F., PATTON, A.J. (2001). What Good Is a Volatility Model?. Quantitative Finance, 1(2):237–245.
  • FAMA, E.F. (1998). Market Efficiency, Long-term Returns, and Behavioral Finance. Journal of Financial Economics, 49(3):283-306.
  • GBENRO, N., MOUSSA, R.K. (2019). Asymmetric Mean Reversion in Low Liquid Markets: Evidence from BRVM. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 12(38): 1-19.
  • HWANG, I., IN, F.H., KIM, T.S. (2010). Contagion Effects of the U.S Subprime Crisis on International Stock Markets, Social Science Research Network, 1-49.
  • INDARS, E.R. VE SAVIN, A. (2017). Herding Behavior in an Emerging Market: Evidence From Moscow Exchange. Stockholm School of Economics (SSE) Riga Student Papers, 10(197):1-45.
  • KAHNEMAN, D. (2015). Hızlı ve Yavaş Düşünme. 11.Basım, İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları.
  • KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. (1979). An Analysis of Decision Under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2):263-291.
  • KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2):263-291.
  • KAMINSKY, G.L., REINHART, C.M., VEGH, C.A. (2003). The Unholy Trinity of Financial Contagion. NBER Working Papers, No:10061:1-40.
  • KASA, K. (1992). Common stochastic trends in international stock markets. Journal of Monetary Economics, 29(1):95-124.
  • KIRAÇ, F., ÇİÇEK, M. (2017). Mortgage Krizinin Uluslararası Hisse Senetleri Piyasası Üzerine Bulaşma Etkisi. Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1):75-97.
  • Kocabıyık, T., Kalaycı, Ş. (2014) Borsalar Arasında Etkileşim: G-8 Ülkeleri ve Türkiye Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 51(594):37-56.
  • NELSON, D.B. (1991). Conditional Heteroscedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach. Econometrica, 59(2):347-370.
  • SHEFRIN, H., STATMAN, M. (2003). The Contributions of Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. Journal of Behavioral Finance, 4(2):54-58.
  • TAN, T.A.G. (2012). Stock Market Integration: Case of the Philippines. Philippine Management Review, 19:75-90.
  • TSAY, R.S. (2005) Analysis of Financial Time Series. 2nd Edition, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc..
  • URAL, M. (2010). Yatırım Fonlarının Performans ve Risk Analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • ZAKOIAN, J.M. (1994). Threshold Heteroskedastic Models. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18:931-955.
  • ZIVOT, E., WANG, J. (2006). Modelling Financial Time Series with S-PLUS, 2nd Edition, Springer.

Küresel Finans Krizinin Finansal Bulaşıcılık Modeli ile BİST30 Endeksinde Analizi

Year 2020, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 857 - 877, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.202035413

Abstract

Küresel finans krizi birçok ülkenin finans piyasalarını ve makroekonomik değişkenlerini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Bu durum ülkenin sadece temel göstergelerindeki yapısal sorunlara değinilerek açıklanamamıştır. Bu nedenle bulaşıcılık, son dönemde finansal bozuklukların yayılma etkisini analiz etmek adına sıkça kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5 Temmuz 2006 – 12 Kasım 2019 dönemi günlük kapanış fiyatları üzerinden yatay kesit mutlak sapmaya dayalı olarak S&P500 endeksi ile BİST30 endeksi arasında finansal bulaşıcılık etkisi ve sürü davranışının varlığının test edilmesidir. 2008 küresel finans krizinin etkilerini inceleyebilmek üzere analiz dönemi ayrıca kriz içeren ve kriz sonrası olmak üzere iki alt döneme ayrılmıştır. Geliştirilen “Finansal Bulaşıcılık Modeli” her ülkenin borsa endeksi kapanış fiyatları farklı para birimleri cinsinden hesaplanarak hem EKKY hem de asimetrik GARCH tipi modeller yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tüm dönem, kriz içeren dönem ve kriz sonrası dönem için finansal bulaşıcılık etkisinin daima var olduğu buna karşın, krizin sürü davranışı ile yayılma etkisi beklentinin aksine sadece kriz sonrası dönemde istatistiki ve iktisadi olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın önemli bir bulgusu, her analiz dönemi için para cinsi farklılaştığında finansal bulaşıcılık katsayısı ve krizin yayılma etkisini gösteren sürü davranışı katsayısı işaretlerinin değişmediği ve bu yüzden değişkenler için para cinsi uyumlaştırmasına gerek olmadığı yönündedir.

References

  • ALEXANDER, C. (2001). Market Models: A Guide to Financial Data Analysis, Wiley.
  • BEKAERT, G. EHRMANN, M., MEHL, A. (2011). Global Crises and Equity Market Contagion, European Central Bank Working Paper Series, No:1381, 1-45.
  • BERNANKE, B.S. (2013). Board of Governers of the Reserve System before the Joint Economic Comittie U.S. Congress, May 22 2013, 1-8
  • BOLGÜN, K.E. VE AKÇAY, B.M. (2005). Risk Yönetimi. 2.Baskı, İstanbul: Scala Yayıncılık.
  • BOLLERSLEV, T. (1986). Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity. Journal of Econometrics, 31(3):307-327.
  • CARAMAZZO, F. RICCI, L., SALGADO, R. (2000). Trade and Financial Contagion in Currency Crises, IMF Working Paper, 1-48.
  • CHANG, E. C., CHENG J.W., KHORANA, A., (2000). An Examination of Herd Behavior in Equity Markets: An International Perspective. Journal of Banking & Finance. 24(10):1651-1679.
  • CHRISTIE, W.G., HUANG, R.D. (1995). Following the Pied Piper: Do Individual Returns Herd around the Market”, Financial Analysts Journal, 51, 31–37.
  • DING, Z., GRANGER, C.W.J., Engle. R.F. (1993) A Long Memory Property of Stock Market Returns and A New Model. Journal of Empirical Finance, (1):83-106.
  • DOĞUKANLI, H., ERGÜN, B. (2015). BİST’te Sürü Davranışı: Hwang ve Salmon Yöntemi ile Bir Araştırma. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 52(603):1-18.
  • DUNGEY, M., TAMBAKIS, D. (2003). International Financial Contagion: What Do We Know?. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics (CWPE), 9:1-23.
  • ELKHALDI, A., ABELFATTEH, Y. B. (2014). Testing Herding Effects on Financial Assets Pricing: The Case of the Tunisian Stockl Market. British Journal of Economics Management&Trade, 4(7):1046-1059.
  • ENGLE, R.F. (1982). Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation. Econometrica, 50(4):987–1007.
  • ENGLE, R.F., PATTON, A.J. (2001). What Good Is a Volatility Model?. Quantitative Finance, 1(2):237–245.
  • FAMA, E.F. (1998). Market Efficiency, Long-term Returns, and Behavioral Finance. Journal of Financial Economics, 49(3):283-306.
  • GBENRO, N., MOUSSA, R.K. (2019). Asymmetric Mean Reversion in Low Liquid Markets: Evidence from BRVM. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 12(38): 1-19.
  • HWANG, I., IN, F.H., KIM, T.S. (2010). Contagion Effects of the U.S Subprime Crisis on International Stock Markets, Social Science Research Network, 1-49.
  • INDARS, E.R. VE SAVIN, A. (2017). Herding Behavior in an Emerging Market: Evidence From Moscow Exchange. Stockholm School of Economics (SSE) Riga Student Papers, 10(197):1-45.
  • KAHNEMAN, D. (2015). Hızlı ve Yavaş Düşünme. 11.Basım, İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları.
  • KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. (1979). An Analysis of Decision Under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2):263-291.
  • KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2):263-291.
  • KAMINSKY, G.L., REINHART, C.M., VEGH, C.A. (2003). The Unholy Trinity of Financial Contagion. NBER Working Papers, No:10061:1-40.
  • KASA, K. (1992). Common stochastic trends in international stock markets. Journal of Monetary Economics, 29(1):95-124.
  • KIRAÇ, F., ÇİÇEK, M. (2017). Mortgage Krizinin Uluslararası Hisse Senetleri Piyasası Üzerine Bulaşma Etkisi. Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1):75-97.
  • Kocabıyık, T., Kalaycı, Ş. (2014) Borsalar Arasında Etkileşim: G-8 Ülkeleri ve Türkiye Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 51(594):37-56.
  • NELSON, D.B. (1991). Conditional Heteroscedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach. Econometrica, 59(2):347-370.
  • SHEFRIN, H., STATMAN, M. (2003). The Contributions of Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. Journal of Behavioral Finance, 4(2):54-58.
  • TAN, T.A.G. (2012). Stock Market Integration: Case of the Philippines. Philippine Management Review, 19:75-90.
  • TSAY, R.S. (2005) Analysis of Financial Time Series. 2nd Edition, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc..
  • URAL, M. (2010). Yatırım Fonlarının Performans ve Risk Analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • ZAKOIAN, J.M. (1994). Threshold Heteroskedastic Models. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18:931-955.
  • ZIVOT, E., WANG, J. (2006). Modelling Financial Time Series with S-PLUS, 2nd Edition, Springer.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Didem Özden 0000-0003-2072-9168

Mert Ural 0000-0003-3252-846X

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Submission Date June 16, 2020
Acceptance Date December 27, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 35 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Özden, D., & Ural, M. (2020). Küresel Finans Krizinin Finansal Bulaşıcılık Modeli ile BİST30 Endeksinde Analizi. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 35(4), 857-877. https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.202035413
İzmir Journal of Economics
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