Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplininin Postkolonyal Yapı-Sökümü

Year 2022, Volume: 37 Issue: 2, 296 - 317, 05.06.2022

Şeyda Güdek-gölçek

https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.775107

Abstract

Postkolonyal Teori, en genel ifadeyle, kolonici ve kolonize toplumlar arasındaki kolonyal ilişkilerin, kolonyalizmin biçimsel olarak sona ermesiyle sonlanmadığını ve ekonomik, siyasi, kültürel, entelektüel ve söylemsel boyutta devam ettiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu tahakküm araçlarını araştırmayı ve Batı-merkezciliği sorunsallaştırmayı içermektedir. Bu bağlamda, Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplininin Batı-merkezci doğasını aşabilmek için yararlı bir analitik çerçeve sunmaktadır. Çalışmada, postkolonyal bakış açısıyla, Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplinin Batı-merkezciliği sorunsallaştırılmış ve bu hiyerarşinin tahakküm araçları araştırılmıştır. Böylece disiplinin uluslararasılaşması için aşılması gereken kısıtlılıkların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuçta ana akım kuramların Batı-merkezci yaklaşımları, disiplinde Öteki’nin özneliği, tarih yazımı ve disiplinin akademisindeki hiyerarşi sorunlu alanlar olarak tespit edilmiştir. Postkolonyal yaklaşım bu sorunları ortaya çıkartarak, disiplinde Öteki’ni temsil etmeye, Öteki’nin tarihine, özneliğine ve diğer Ötekili unsurlara yer açmaya, kısaca Öteki’nin maduniyetine son vermeye yardımcı olmaktadır.

Keywords

Postkolonyal Teori, Kolonyalizm, Batı-merkezcilik, Öteki, Madun

Postcolonial Deconstruction of International Relations Discipline

Abstract

In the most general terms, Postcolonial Theory emphasizes that colonial relations between colonial and colonized societies do not end with the formal end of colonialism and continue in economic, political, cultural, intellectual and discursive dimensions. It includes exploring the means of this domination and problematizing Western-centrism. In this context, it offers a useful analytical framework to overcome the West-centric nature of the International Relations discipline. In this study, from a postcolonial perspective, the West-centrism of the International Relations discipline is problematized and the tools of domination of this hierarchy are investigated. Thus, it is aimed to identify the limitations that need to be overcome for the internationalization of the discipline. As a result, the Western-centred approaches of mainstream theories, the subjectivity of the Other in the discipline, historiography, and the hierarchy in the discipline's academy have been identified as problematic areas. By revealing these problems, the postcolonial approach helps to represent the Other in the discipline, to make room for the history, subjectivity, and other factors of the Other, in short, to put an end to the Other’s subordination.

Keywords

Postcolonial Theory, Colonialism, West-centrism, the Other, Subaltern

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