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Gençlerin Girişimcilik Becerilerinin Artirilmasinda Üniversite-STK İşbirliğinin Rolü: Mülteci Gençler Özelinde Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 507 - 523
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1362448

Abstract

Bilindiği üzere Türkiye, 2011 yılından bu yana dünyanın en yüksek sayıda kayıtlı mültecisine ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bu mülteci nüfusunun %20'sinin 18-29 yaş arası genç bireylerden oluşması, genç nüfusun önemine işaret etmektedir. Mülteci yoğunluğu bakımından İstanbul'dan sonra ikinci sırada yer alan Gaziantep, 440.000'den fazla mülteciye ev sahipliği yapmaktadır.
Bu çalışma, ev sahibi toplum ile göçmenler arasında yeni bir simbiyotik ilişki kurulmasının gerekliliğini incelemektedir. Böyle bir ortaklık sanayi, üretkenlik ve insan kaynağı çeşitliliğini olumlu yönde etkileyebilecektir. Özellikle araştırmalar, mültecilerin çoğunluğunun (%80) Suriye'ye geri dönmeyi öngörmediğini göstermektedir ve bu bireylerin bulundukları bölgelerde üretkenlik ve verimliliklerini en üst düzeye çıkarmanın öneminin altını çizmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Gaziantep Üniversitesi ve STK'lar arasında yerel ve mülteci gençlerin kapasitelerini ve girişimcilik becerilerini geliştirmeye odaklanan 14 ortak projeden elde edilen verilerden yararlanarak genç göçmenler ve şehrin girişimcilik ekosistemi arasındaki etkileşimi araştırmaktadır.
Bulgular, genç mülteciler ile yerel meslektaşları arasındaki işbirliğinden kaynaklanan ve bu işbirliği yoluyla yenilikçiliği ve üretkenliği teşvik eden sonuçların altını çizmektedir. Bu çalışma, mülteci ve yerel gençlik arasındaki işbirliğinin kolaylaştırdığı inovasyon odaklı başarılarla sonuçlanan, girişimcilik etkinliğini ve verimliliğini artıracak yeni ekosistemlerin potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • AFAD (2017). Türkiye’deki Suriyelilerin Demografik Görünümü, Yaşam Koşulları ve Gelecek Beklentilerine Yönelik Saha Araştırması. https://www.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/afad.gov.tr/25337/xfiles/17a-Turkiye_deki_Suriyelilerin_Demografik_Gorunumu_Yasam_Kosullari_ve_Gelecek_Beklentilerine_Yonelik_Saha_Arastirmasi_2017.pdf
  • Anon (2019). GAP Girişimcilik ve Yenilikçilik Araştırma Projesi Kapanış Toplantısı, Sonuç Bildirgesi. TÜBİTAK-TÜSSİDE. 9. July.2019-Şanlıurfa.
  • Betts, A., Bloom, L., Kaplan, J., & Omata, N. (2018). Refugee Innovation: Humanitarian innovation that starts with communities. Oxford: Refugee Studies Centre.
  • Bozeman, B., & Boardman, C. (2014). Academic faculty in university technology transfer: An organizational citizenry perspective. Research Policy, 43(4), 749-764.
  • Bozorgmehr, K., Razum, O., & Biddle, L. (2016). Health policies and systems in refugee host countries: a systematic review. Health Policy and Planning, 31(6), 742-754.
  • Brink, T. L., & Brink, A. T. (2010). The role of NGOs in building innovation capacity in developing countries. Innovation, 12(2), 147-162.
  • Brouwer, E., Kleinknecht, A., & Reijnen, J. O. (1993). Employment growth and innovation at the firm level: An empirical study. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 3(2), 153-159.
  • D’Este, P., & Patel, P. (2007). University–industry linkages in the UK: what are the factors underlying the variety of interactions with industry? Research Policy, 36(9), 1295-1313.
  • Dabiri, M. (2018). The role of NGOs in supporting refugee entrepreneurship: A case study of the Entrepreneurial Refugee Network. International Migration, 56(3), 165-178.
  • Dedeoğlu, S. ve Ekiz Gökmen, Ç. (2020) Göç Teorileri, Göçmen Emeği ve Entegrasyon: Kadınların Yeri. Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Türkiye’de Göç Araştırmaları, SU Gender ve Göç Araştırmaları Derneği, 18-37.
  • De Haas, H., Natter, K., & Vargas-Silva, C. (2019). Refugee migration and innovation: A survey of empirical findings. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(2), 169-195.
  • Erdoğan, M. M. (2015). Türkiye'ye Kitlesel Göçlerde Son ve Dev Dalga: Suriyeliler. İçinde M. M. Erdoğan & A. Kaya (Ed.), Türkiye'nin Göç Tarihi - 14. Yüzyıldan 21. yüzyıla Türkiye'ye Göçler. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 315-347.
  • Gao, J., & Newman, A. (2013). The impact of university–industry collaboration on innovation in China: a longitudinal patent analysis. Scientometrics, 94(1), 1-23.
  • Ghorashi, H. (2019). Young refugees and the role of education in the Netherlands: a critical reflection. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1798-1809.
  • Gültekin, M.N., Giritlioğlu, İ., Karadaş, Y., Soyudoğan, M., Leyla Kuzu Ş., Gülhan, S.T., Doğanoğlu, M., Utanır A., Aslan Ç., İncetahtacı N., (2018). Gaziantep’teki Suriyeliler: Uyum, Beklentiler ve Zorluklar, Gaziantep: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Huang, C. C., & Wu, C. Y. (2013). The impact of university–industry collaboration on innovation in Taiwan: the perspective of resource-based and institutional theories. Technovation, 33(10-11), 331-342.
  • Huggins, R., & Johnston, A. (2010). The role of networking in the competitiveness of small knowledge-intensive firms. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 22(4), 391-412.
  • Huijben, T., & Veenman, S. (2019). Refugee entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 17(3), 259-307.
  • Kibreab, G. (2019). Revisiting the concept of refugee entrepreneurship. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 11(2), 293-310.
  • Kirchner, S., & Moldenhauer, J. (2019). The role of social capital in refugee entrepreneurship: Evidence from Germany. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1832-1852.
  • Kocakülah, M. C. (2018). The role of universities in the innovation ecosystem. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 10(2), 369-385.
  • Lacroix, T., & Pannetier, J. (2019). Refugee entrepreneurship and social innovation: a research agenda. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 11(2), 311-326.
  • Liebig, T., & Mo, J. (2013). The labor market integration of refugees in OECD countries: A literature review. OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 155.
  • Lutz, H., & Palacios, A. M. (2018). Refugees, entrepreneurship, and the law. International Journal of Refugee Law, 30(3), 442-469.
  • McIntosh, J. (2019). The role of education in refugee integration: A systematic review. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1716-1741.
  • OECD. (2018). Working together: Skills and labor market integration of immigrants and their children in Sweden. OECD Publishing.
  • OECD. (2019). Working together: Skills and labor market integration of immigrants and their children in Finland. OECD Publishing.
  • OECD/EU. (2018). Indicators of immigrant integration 2018: Settling in. OECD Publishing.
  • Ozturk, M. B. (2018). Refugee entrepreneurship and innovation: A review of the literature and future research agenda. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 8(3).
  • Riaño, Y., & Rodríguez, A. (2019). The role of education in integrating refugees: A comparative study of Germany and Spain. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1776-1797.
  • Schneider, J., & George, S. (2018). The role of NGOs in promoting refugee entrepreneurship: A case study of the Entrepreneurial Refugee Network. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 9, 84-89.
  • Sunata, U. & Tosun S. (2018). Assessing the Civil Society’s Role in Refugee Integration in Turkey: NGO-R as a New Typology. Journal of Refugee Studies, 0 (0), 1- 21.
  • Syrian Economic Sciences Society & UNDP (2018), Employment and Livelihood Support in Syria.
  • UNHCR. (2016). Innovation in protection: UNHCR’s approach to innovative and technology-driven solutions to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
  • https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638 Date of Access 20.08.2023
  • http://www.gap.gov.tr/girisimcilik-ve-yenilikcilik-arastirma-projesi-ozet-raporu-yayimlandi-duyuru-90.html

The Role of University-Ngo Cooperation in Increasing the Entrepreneurial Skills of Youth: An Evaluation Specific to Refugee Youth

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 507 - 523
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1362448

Abstract

As widely recognized, Turkey is hosting the world's highest number of registered refugees since 2011. Notably, 20% of this refugee population comprises young individuals aged 18-29, highlighting significant youth. Gaziantep, second to Istanbul in refugee concentration, accommodates over 440,000 refugees.
This study delves into the necessity of forging a new symbiotic relationship between residents and migrants. Such a partnership can positively affect industry, productivity and human resource diversity. Notably, research indicates that a majority (80%) of refugees do not foresee a return to Syria, underscoring the significance of maximizing the productivity and efficiency of these individuals in their adopted regions. Consequently, the study investigates the interplay between young migrants and the city's entrepreneurship ecosystem, drawing upon data from 14 collaborative projects, focusing on enhancing local and refugee youth's capacity and entrepreneurial skills, between Gaziantep University and NGOs.
The findings underscore the outcomes stemming from the alliance between young refugees and their local counterparts, which fosters innovation and productivity through collaboration. This study illuminates the potential for new ecosystems to drive entrepreneurial effectiveness and efficiency, culminating in innovation-driven accomplishments facilitated by the collaboration between refugee and local youth.

References

  • AFAD (2017). Türkiye’deki Suriyelilerin Demografik Görünümü, Yaşam Koşulları ve Gelecek Beklentilerine Yönelik Saha Araştırması. https://www.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/afad.gov.tr/25337/xfiles/17a-Turkiye_deki_Suriyelilerin_Demografik_Gorunumu_Yasam_Kosullari_ve_Gelecek_Beklentilerine_Yonelik_Saha_Arastirmasi_2017.pdf
  • Anon (2019). GAP Girişimcilik ve Yenilikçilik Araştırma Projesi Kapanış Toplantısı, Sonuç Bildirgesi. TÜBİTAK-TÜSSİDE. 9. July.2019-Şanlıurfa.
  • Betts, A., Bloom, L., Kaplan, J., & Omata, N. (2018). Refugee Innovation: Humanitarian innovation that starts with communities. Oxford: Refugee Studies Centre.
  • Bozeman, B., & Boardman, C. (2014). Academic faculty in university technology transfer: An organizational citizenry perspective. Research Policy, 43(4), 749-764.
  • Bozorgmehr, K., Razum, O., & Biddle, L. (2016). Health policies and systems in refugee host countries: a systematic review. Health Policy and Planning, 31(6), 742-754.
  • Brink, T. L., & Brink, A. T. (2010). The role of NGOs in building innovation capacity in developing countries. Innovation, 12(2), 147-162.
  • Brouwer, E., Kleinknecht, A., & Reijnen, J. O. (1993). Employment growth and innovation at the firm level: An empirical study. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 3(2), 153-159.
  • D’Este, P., & Patel, P. (2007). University–industry linkages in the UK: what are the factors underlying the variety of interactions with industry? Research Policy, 36(9), 1295-1313.
  • Dabiri, M. (2018). The role of NGOs in supporting refugee entrepreneurship: A case study of the Entrepreneurial Refugee Network. International Migration, 56(3), 165-178.
  • Dedeoğlu, S. ve Ekiz Gökmen, Ç. (2020) Göç Teorileri, Göçmen Emeği ve Entegrasyon: Kadınların Yeri. Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Türkiye’de Göç Araştırmaları, SU Gender ve Göç Araştırmaları Derneği, 18-37.
  • De Haas, H., Natter, K., & Vargas-Silva, C. (2019). Refugee migration and innovation: A survey of empirical findings. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(2), 169-195.
  • Erdoğan, M. M. (2015). Türkiye'ye Kitlesel Göçlerde Son ve Dev Dalga: Suriyeliler. İçinde M. M. Erdoğan & A. Kaya (Ed.), Türkiye'nin Göç Tarihi - 14. Yüzyıldan 21. yüzyıla Türkiye'ye Göçler. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 315-347.
  • Gao, J., & Newman, A. (2013). The impact of university–industry collaboration on innovation in China: a longitudinal patent analysis. Scientometrics, 94(1), 1-23.
  • Ghorashi, H. (2019). Young refugees and the role of education in the Netherlands: a critical reflection. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1798-1809.
  • Gültekin, M.N., Giritlioğlu, İ., Karadaş, Y., Soyudoğan, M., Leyla Kuzu Ş., Gülhan, S.T., Doğanoğlu, M., Utanır A., Aslan Ç., İncetahtacı N., (2018). Gaziantep’teki Suriyeliler: Uyum, Beklentiler ve Zorluklar, Gaziantep: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Huang, C. C., & Wu, C. Y. (2013). The impact of university–industry collaboration on innovation in Taiwan: the perspective of resource-based and institutional theories. Technovation, 33(10-11), 331-342.
  • Huggins, R., & Johnston, A. (2010). The role of networking in the competitiveness of small knowledge-intensive firms. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 22(4), 391-412.
  • Huijben, T., & Veenman, S. (2019). Refugee entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 17(3), 259-307.
  • Kibreab, G. (2019). Revisiting the concept of refugee entrepreneurship. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 11(2), 293-310.
  • Kirchner, S., & Moldenhauer, J. (2019). The role of social capital in refugee entrepreneurship: Evidence from Germany. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1832-1852.
  • Kocakülah, M. C. (2018). The role of universities in the innovation ecosystem. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 10(2), 369-385.
  • Lacroix, T., & Pannetier, J. (2019). Refugee entrepreneurship and social innovation: a research agenda. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 11(2), 311-326.
  • Liebig, T., & Mo, J. (2013). The labor market integration of refugees in OECD countries: A literature review. OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 155.
  • Lutz, H., & Palacios, A. M. (2018). Refugees, entrepreneurship, and the law. International Journal of Refugee Law, 30(3), 442-469.
  • McIntosh, J. (2019). The role of education in refugee integration: A systematic review. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1716-1741.
  • OECD. (2018). Working together: Skills and labor market integration of immigrants and their children in Sweden. OECD Publishing.
  • OECD. (2019). Working together: Skills and labor market integration of immigrants and their children in Finland. OECD Publishing.
  • OECD/EU. (2018). Indicators of immigrant integration 2018: Settling in. OECD Publishing.
  • Ozturk, M. B. (2018). Refugee entrepreneurship and innovation: A review of the literature and future research agenda. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 8(3).
  • Riaño, Y., & Rodríguez, A. (2019). The role of education in integrating refugees: A comparative study of Germany and Spain. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(10), 1776-1797.
  • Schneider, J., & George, S. (2018). The role of NGOs in promoting refugee entrepreneurship: A case study of the Entrepreneurial Refugee Network. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 9, 84-89.
  • Sunata, U. & Tosun S. (2018). Assessing the Civil Society’s Role in Refugee Integration in Turkey: NGO-R as a New Typology. Journal of Refugee Studies, 0 (0), 1- 21.
  • Syrian Economic Sciences Society & UNDP (2018), Employment and Livelihood Support in Syria.
  • UNHCR. (2016). Innovation in protection: UNHCR’s approach to innovative and technology-driven solutions to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
  • https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638 Date of Access 20.08.2023
  • http://www.gap.gov.tr/girisimcilik-ve-yenilikcilik-arastirma-projesi-ozet-raporu-yayimlandi-duyuru-90.html
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Migration, Labour, Migration and Development
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nur İncetahtacı 0000-0003-1437-8154

Early Pub Date April 5, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date September 19, 2023
Acceptance Date January 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 39 Issue: 2

Cite

APA İncetahtacı, N. (2024). The Role of University-Ngo Cooperation in Increasing the Entrepreneurial Skills of Youth: An Evaluation Specific to Refugee Youth. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 39(2), 507-523. https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1362448
İzmir Journal of Economics
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