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Kurumlar ve Çevre Kirliliği İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: AB Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 450 - 470, 06.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1370376

Abstract

İnsanların doğa ile olan etkileşimin artmasıyla birlikte, ekolojik sınırlar aşılmaktadır. Bu durum beraberinde küresel ısınma, iklim krizi ve çevre tahribatının artmasına neden olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla büyüyen çevre sorunlarına çözüm üretilmesi önem arz eden bir konu haline gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada ekolojik ayak izinin azaltılmasında kurumların etkinliğinin incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu hedef doğrultusunda 22 Avrupa Birliği ülkesi için 2002-2018 dönem aralığında iki aşamalı sistem GMM tahmin yönteminden faydalanılarak ampirik bir inceleme yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada kurumların çevre üzerindeki etkinliğinin geniş bir şekilde incelenmesi amacıyla Temel Bileşen Analiz tekniğinden faydalanılarak altı özgün kurumsal yapı göstergesi ile kurumsal kalite endeksi oluşturulmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre kurumsal kalitenin ekolojik ayak izini azalttığı gözlemlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmada kurumların çevre kirliliği üzerinde düzenleyici bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmektedir.

References

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Investigation of The Relationship Between Institutions and Environmental Pollution: Evidence From EU Countries

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 450 - 470, 06.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1370376

Abstract

As human interaction with nature increases, ecological limits are being exceeded. This leads to an increase in global warming, climate crisis, and environmental destruction. Therefore, finding solutions to growing environmental problems is becoming an important issue. In this context, the study aims to examine the effectiveness of institutions in reducing the ecological footprint. In line with this objective, we conducted an empirical analysis by utilizing the two-stage system GMM estimation method for 22 European Union countries for the period 2002-2018. In addition, in order to broadly examine the effectiveness of institutions on the environment, the study uses the technique of Principal Component Analysis to construct an index of institutional quality with six unique indicators of institutional structure. According to the findings of the study, it is observed that corporate quality reduces the ecological footprint. Therefore, the study finds that institutions play a regulatory role in environmental pollution.

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  • Abid, M. (2016). Impact of economic, financial, and institutional factors on CO2 emissions: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa economies. Utilities Policy, 41, 85-94.
  • Abid, M. (2017). Does economic, financial and institutional developments matter for environmental quality? A comparative analysis of EU and MEA countries. Journal of environmental management, 188, 183-194.
  • Acheampong, A. O., Dzator, J., & Savage, D. A. (2021). Renewable energy, CO2 emissions and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa: Does institutional quality matter? Journal of Policy Modeling, 43(5), 1070-1093.
  • Adams, S., & Acheampong, A. O. (2019). Reducing carbon emissions: The role of renewable energy and democracy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 240, 118245.
  • Adams, S., Adom, P. K., & Klobodu, E. K. M. (2016). Urbanization, regime type and durability, and environmental degradation in Ghana. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23(23), 23825-23839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7513-4
  • Adams, S., & Klobodu, E. K. M. (2017). Urbanization, democracy, bureaucratic quality, and environmental degradation. Journal of Policy Modeling, 39(6), 1035-1051.
  • Adebayo, T. S. (2023). Assessing the environmental sustainability corridor: Linking oil consumption, hydro energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(7), 18890-18900.
  • Ahmad, M., Ahmed, Z., Majeed, A., & Huang, B. (2021). An environmental impact assessment of economic complexity and energy consumption: Does institutional quality make a difference? Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 89, 106603.
  • Ahmed, Z., Adebayo, T. S., Udemba, E. N., Murshed, M., & Kirikkaleli, D. (2022). Effects of economic complexity, economic growth, and renewable energy technology budgets on ecological footprint: The role of democratic accountability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(17), 24925-24940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17673-2
  • Ahmed, Z., Ahmad, M., Rjoub, H., Kalugina, O. A., & Hussain, N. (2022). Economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and ecological footprint: Exploring the role of environmental regulations and democracy in sustainable development. Sustainable Development, 30(4), 595-605.
  • Ahmed, Z., Asghar, M. M., Malik, M. N., & Nawaz, K. (2020). Moving towards a sustainable environment: The dynamic linkage between natural resources, human capital, urbanization, economic growth, and ecological footprint in China. Resources Policy, 67, 101677.
  • Ahmed, Z., Caglar, A. E., & Murshed, M. (2022). A path towards environmental sustainability: The role of clean energy and democracy in ecological footprint of Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 358, 132007.
  • Akalin, G., & Erdogan, S. (2021). Does democracy help reduce environmental degradation? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(6), 7226-7235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11096-1
  • Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. The review of economic studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • Aron, J. (2000). Growth and institutions: A review of the evidence. The world Bank research observer, 15(1), 99-135.
  • Azam, M., Liu, L., & Ahmad, N. (2021). Impact of institutional quality on environment and energy consumption: Evidence from developing world. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(2), 1646-1667.
  • Bartelmus, P. (2008). Quantitative eco-nomics: How sustainable are our economies? Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Bekun, F. V., Alola, A. A., Gyamfi, B. A., & Yaw, S. S. (2021). The relevance of EKC hypothesis in energy intensity real-output trade-off for sustainable environment in EU-27. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(37), 51137-51148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14251-4
  • Bernauer, T., & Koubi, V. (2009). Political determinants of environmental quality. Ecological Economics, 68(5), 1355-1365.
  • Bhattacharya, M., Churchill, S. A., & Paramati, S. R. (2017). The dynamic impact of renewable energy and institutions on economic output and CO2 emissions across regions. Renewable Energy, 111, 157-167.
  • Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of econometrics, 87(1), 115-143.
  • Bond, S. R., Hoeffler, A., & Temple, J. R. (2001). GMM estimation of empirical growth models. Available at SSRN 290522.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Panel Data Analysis, Applied Macroeconometrics, Institutional Economics Theory, Macroeconomics (Other), Environmental Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

M. Bahri Kırıkçı 0000-0002-4427-5124

Early Pub Date April 5, 2024
Publication Date June 6, 2024
Submission Date October 2, 2023
Acceptance Date December 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 39 Issue: 2

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APA Kırıkçı, M. B. (2024). Kurumlar ve Çevre Kirliliği İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: AB Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 39(2), 450-470. https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1370376
İzmir Journal of Economics
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