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Türkiye’de Kamu Harcamaları Hisse Senedi Piyasasını Etkiler Mi?

Year 2025, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 223 - 247
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1473891

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de Ocak 2006-Ocak 2024 dönemi aylık veriler kullanılarak maliye politikası araçlarından biri olan kamu harcamalarının hisse senedi piyasası üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada kamu harcamalarını temsilen genel bütçe faiz dışı harcamalar; hisse senedi piyasasını temsilen ise Borsa İstanbul (BİST)-100 Getiri Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol değişkenleri olarak ekonomik büyüme, faiz oranı, M3 para arzı ve enflasyon değişkenleri dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmada, değişkenlerin durağanlık özellikleri Phillips-Perron (1988), Kwiatkowski vd. (1992) (KPSS), Lee-Strazicich (2003) ve Fourier Kruse (2019) birim kök testleriyle belirlenmiştir. Kurulan modelde uzun ve kısa dönemli ilişkiler ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, uzun dönemde kamu harcamalarındaki artışların borsa getiri endeksi üzerinde pozitif bir etki yarattığı tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’de kamu harcamalarındaki bu artışların hisse senedi piyasasına yansıması, Keynesyen iktisat görüşünün ampirik bir kanıtı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca, kısa dönemde kamu harcamalarının gecikmeli değerlerinin hisse senedi piyasasını istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve negatif etkilediği bulunmuştur. Kamu harcamalarının gecikmeli değerlerinin hisse senedi piyasasındaki değişimleri açıklayabilmesi, BİST-100 Getiri Endeksi’nin maliye politikaları açısından Fama’nın (1970) Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi bağlamında bilgi etkin olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

References

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  • Göndör, M., ve Bresfelean, P. (2011, August). Fiscal policy, the main tool to ınfluence the capital markets’ strength. In WSEAS/IAASAT International Conferences (pp. 458-464).
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  • Güler, H., ve Haykır, Ö. (2023). Türkiye’de bütçe açıklarının BİST-100 Endeksi üzerindeki etkisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 32(3), 65-77.
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  • Hu, L., Han, J., ve Zhang, Q. (2018). The impact of monetary and fiscal policy shocks on stock markets: Evidence from China. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(8), 1857-1872.
  • Jansen, D. W., Li, Q., Wang, Z., ve Yang, J. (2008). Fiscal policy and asset markets: A semiparametric analysis. Journal of Econometrics, 147, 141-150.
  • Karagöz, K., ve Keskin, R. (2016). Impact of fiscal policy on the macroeconomic aggregates in Turkey: Evidence from BVAR model. Procedia Economics and Finance, 38(1), 408-420.
  • Khan, W. A., Javed, M. A., Shahzad, N., Sheikh, Q., Saddique, S., Riaz, M., ve Batool, S. (2014). Impact of macroeconomics variable on the stock market index: A study from Pakistan. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 4(2), 258-272.
  • Kotlebova, J., Arendas, P., ve Chovancova, B. (2020). Government expenditures in the support of technological innovations and impact on stock market and real economy: The empirical evidence from the US and Germany. Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 15(4), 717–734.
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Do Public Expenditures Affect the Stock Market in Türkiye?

Year 2025, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 223 - 247
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1473891

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of public expenditures, one of the fiscal policy instruments, on the stock market in Türkiye using monthly data for the period January 2006-January 2024. In the study, general budget primary expenditures are used to represent public expenditures and Borsa Istanbul (BIST)-100 Return Index is used to represent the stock market. Economic growth, interest rate, M3 money supply and inflation variables are included as control variables. In the study, the stationarity properties of the variables are determined by Phillips-Perron (1988), Kwiatkowski et al. (1992) (KPSS), Lee-Strazicich (2003) and Fourier Kruse (2019) unit root tests. In the established model, long and short-run relationships are analyzed with the ARDL bounds test approach. According to the results of the study, increases in public expenditures have a positive effect on the stock market return index in the long run. The reflection of these increases in public expenditures on the stock market in Türkiye is considered as an empirical evidence of the Keynesian economic view. Moreover, lagged values of public expenditures have a statistically significant and negative effect on the stock market in the short run. The fact that the lagged values of public expenditures can explain the changes in the stock market reveals that the BIST-100 Return Index is not informationally efficient in terms of fiscal policies in the context of Fama's (1970) Efficient Market Hypothesis.

References

  • Afonso, A., ve Sousa, R. M. (2011). What are the effects of fiscal policy on asset markets?. Economic Modeling, 28(4), 1871-1890.
  • Afonso, A., ve Sousa, R. M. (2012). The macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy. Applied Economics, 44(34), 4439-4454.
  • Ağır, H., ve Zabun, A. (2015). Türkiye için Ricardocu denkliğin ekonometrik testi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 10(3), 7-28.
  • Akkum, T., ve Vuran, B. (2005). Türk sermaye piyasasındaki hisse senedi getirilerini etkileyen makroekonomik faktörlerin arbitraj fiyatlama modeli ile analizi. İktisat İşletme ve Finans, 20(233), 28-45.
  • Al-Shiab, M. S. (2008). The influence of monetary and fiscal policies on the capital market: A vector autoregressive (VAR) model. Journal of Administration and Economic Sciences, 1(2), 2-4.
  • André, C., Caraiani, P., ve Gupta, R. (2023). Fiscal policy and stock markets at the effective lower bound. Finance Research Letters, 58(C), 104564.
  • Antwi, S., Zhao, X., ve Mills, E. F. E. A. (2013). Impact of macroeconomic policies on the Ghana Stock Exchange: A cointegration analysis. International Business Research, 6(3), 100-108.
  • Ardagna, S. (2009). Financial markets’ behavior around episodes of large changes in the fiscal stance. European Economic Review, 53(1), 37-55.
  • Arısoy, İ. (2005). Wagner ve Keynes hipotezleri çerçevesinde Türkiye’de kamu harcamaları ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(2), 63-80.
  • Atgür, M., (2020), Kamu harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi: Wagner Yasası’nın ve Keynesyen Hipotez’in Türkiye'de geçerliliği üzerine bir inceleme. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 34(3), 895-915.
  • Aytaç, D., ve Güran, M. C. (2010). Türkiye’de kamu sektörü büyüklüğü ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin ampirik analizi. Sosyoekonomi, 6(13), 129-152.
  • Becker, R., Enders, W. ve Hurn, S. (2004). A general test for time dependence in parameters. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 19(7), 899-906.
  • Becker, R., Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2006). A stationarity test in the presence of an unknown number of smooth breaks. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 27(3), 381-409.
  • Bekhet, H. A., ve bt Othman, N. S. (2012). Examining the role of fiscal policy in Malaysian Stock Market. International Business Research, 5(12), 59-67.
  • Bhatti, G. A., Ziaei, S. M., ve Rehman, A. (2015). Monetary and fiscal policies variables interaction with stock returns in Malaysia. Science International, 27(1), 449-465.
  • Cergibozan, R., Çevik, E., ve Demir, C. (2017). Wagner Kanunu'nun Türkiye ekonomisi için sınanması: çeşitli zaman serisi bulguları. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 54(625), 75-89.
  • Chatziantoniou, I., Duffy, D., & Filis, G. (2013). Stock market response to monetary and fiscal policy shocks: Multi-country evidence. Economic Modelling, 30, 754–769.
  • Chen, S. S., Chen, Y. S., Liang, W. L., ve Wang, Y. (2020). Public R&D spending and cross-sectional stock returns. Research Policy, 49(1), 103887.
  • Chen, X. (2021, December). The impact of monetary and fiscal policy on stock market performance: Evidence from multiple countries. İçinde 2021 3rd International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2021) (ss. 779-783). Atlantis Press.
  • Christopoulos, D. K., ve León-Ledesma, M. A. (2010). Smooth breaks and non-linear mean reversion: Post-Bretton Woods real exchange rates. Journal of International Money and Finance, 29(6), 1076-1093.
  • Çıtak, L. (2003). Para ve maliye politikalarının İMKB Endeksi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi: İMKB, makroekonomik politikalar açısından bilgi etkin midir?. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9, 129-141.
  • Darrat, A. F. (1988). On fiscal policy and the stock market. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 20(3), 353-363.
  • Dickey, D. A., ve Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366), 427-431.
  • Dickey, D. A., & Fuller, W. A. (1981). Likelihood ratio statistics for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Econometrica, 49(4), 1057-1072.
  • Fama, E. (1970). Efficient capital market: A review of theory and empirical work. Journal of Finance, 25, 382-417.
  • Foresti, P., ve Napolitano, O. (2017). On the stock market reactions to fiscal policies. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 22(4), 296-303.
  • Göndör, M., ve Bresfelean, P. (2011, August). Fiscal policy, the main tool to ınfluence the capital markets’ strength. In WSEAS/IAASAT International Conferences (pp. 458-464).
  • Gövdeli, T. (2019). Kamu harcamaları ve ekonomik büyüme: Türkiye’de Wagner ve Keynesyen hipotezin ampirik analizi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(3), 995-1010.
  • Gülcemal, T. (2021). Fiscal and monetary policies effect on Borsa Istanbul (BIST) performance. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(24), 357-375.
  • Güler, H., ve Haykır, Ö. (2023). Türkiye’de bütçe açıklarının BİST-100 Endeksi üzerindeki etkisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 32(3), 65-77.
  • Güriş, B. (2019). A new nonlinear unit root test with fourier function. Communications in Statistics Simulationand Computation, 48(10), 3056-3062.
  • Gürsoy, B. (1975). Kamusal Maliye. Ankara: Sevinç Yayınları.
  • Hu, L., Han, J., ve Zhang, Q. (2018). The impact of monetary and fiscal policy shocks on stock markets: Evidence from China. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(8), 1857-1872.
  • Jansen, D. W., Li, Q., Wang, Z., ve Yang, J. (2008). Fiscal policy and asset markets: A semiparametric analysis. Journal of Econometrics, 147, 141-150.
  • Karagöz, K., ve Keskin, R. (2016). Impact of fiscal policy on the macroeconomic aggregates in Turkey: Evidence from BVAR model. Procedia Economics and Finance, 38(1), 408-420.
  • Khan, W. A., Javed, M. A., Shahzad, N., Sheikh, Q., Saddique, S., Riaz, M., ve Batool, S. (2014). Impact of macroeconomics variable on the stock market index: A study from Pakistan. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 4(2), 258-272.
  • Kotlebova, J., Arendas, P., ve Chovancova, B. (2020). Government expenditures in the support of technological innovations and impact on stock market and real economy: The empirical evidence from the US and Germany. Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 15(4), 717–734.
  • Kruse, R. (2011). A new unit root test against ESTAR-based on a class of modified statistics. Statistical Papers, 52, 71-85.
  • Kwiatkowski, D., Phillips, P. C. B., Schmidt, P., ve Shin, Y. (1992). Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root: How sure are we that economic time series have a unit root?. Journal of Econometrics, 54(1-3), 159-178.
  • Laopodis, N. T. (2009). Fiscal policy and stock market efficiency: Evidence for the United States. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 49(2), 633-650.
  • Lee, J., ve Strazicich, M. C. (2003). Minimum lagrange multiplier unit root test with two structural breaks. Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082-1089.
  • Mbanga, C., ve Darrat, A. F. (2016). Fiscal policy and the US Stock Market. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 47(4), 987-1002.
  • Mensah, G., Osei-Fosu, A. K., ve Asante, G. N. (2022). The effects of public sector management and institutions on stock market development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1), 2109278.
  • Mert, M., ve Çağlar, A. E. (2019). Eviews ve Gauss Uygulamalı Zaman Serileri Analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Miyazaki, T., Hiraga, K., ve Kozuka, M. (2024). Stock market response to public investment under the zero lower bound: Cross-industry evidence from Japan. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 71, 101302.
  • Mumtaz, H., ve Theodoridis, K. (2020). Fiscal policy shocks and stock prices in the United States. European Economic Review, 129, 103562.
  • Namini, T. N., ve Nasab, Z. T. (2015). The impact of monetary and fiscal policies on Iran’s Stock Market: An SVAR approach. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5(9), 767-775.
  • Narayan, P. K. (2005). The saving and investment nexus for China: Evidence from cointegration tests. Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P., ve Smyth, R. (2005). Trade liberalization and economic growth in Fiji. An empirical assessment using the ARDL approach. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 10(1), 96-115.
  • Ogbulu, O. M., Torbira, L. L., ve Umezinwa, C. L. (2015). Assessment of the impact of fiscal policy operations on stock price performance: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. International Journal of Financial Research, 6(2), 190-202.
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There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Capital Market, Financial Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Onur Şeyranlıoğlu 0000-0002-1105-4034

Early Pub Date February 24, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date April 26, 2024
Acceptance Date December 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 40 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şeyranlıoğlu, O. (2025). Türkiye’de Kamu Harcamaları Hisse Senedi Piyasasını Etkiler Mi?. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 40(1), 223-247. https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.1473891
İzmir Journal of Economics
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