Determination of the Prevalence of Some Fungal Agents in Commercıal Seed Potato Tubers

Year 2022, , 93 - 103, 15.12.2022

Mehmet Atay , Meltem Avan , Şaban Karaat

https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased.1142789

Abstract

Seed selection is one of the most important issues affecting yield and quality in agricultural production. In this study, the prevalence rates of Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium spp., which are fungal disease agents, seen in different varieties of potato samples taken from some companies that commercially produce and sell seed potato tubers were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 48 batches of potatoes, consisting of Marabel, Agria, Madeleine and Marfona, which are some commercial varieties that are grown very frequently in our country, were obtained and evaluated in terms of the presence of fungal agents. The prevalence of the agents was determined by analyzing the randomly selected 90 potato tubers. After the isolation and characterization studies, it was determined that 3.87% of all samples examined were contaminated with Fusarium spp. and 0.11% with Rhizoctonia solani.

Keywords

Potato, Solanum tuberosum, Fungi, Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani

Ticari Tohumluk Patates Yumrularında Görülen Bazı Fungal Etmenlerin Yaygınlıklarının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Tohumluk seçimi, tarımsal üretimde verim ve kaliteyi etkileyen en önemli hususlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, ticari olarak tohumluk patates yumrusu üretimi ve satışı yapan bazı firmalardan alınan farklı çeşit patates numunelerinde görülen fungal hastalık etmenlerinden Rhizoctonia solani Kühn ve Fusarium spp.’nin yaygınlık oranları araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, özellikle ülkemizde çok sık yetiştiricilikleri yapılan bazı çeşitlerinden olan Marabel, Agria, Madeleine ve Marfona’dan oluşan toplam 48 parti patates temin edilmiş, bunlar fungal etmenlerin varlığı açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Tesadüfi olarak seçilmiş 90’ar adet patates yumrusundan oluşan partilerden analizler yapılarak etmenlerin yaygınlıkları belirlenmiştir. Yapılan izolasyon ve karakterizasyon çalışmaları sonrası incelenen tüm örneklerin %3.87’sinin Fusarium spp., %0.11’inin ise R. solani ile bulaşık oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Patates, Solanum tuberosum, Fungus, Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani

References

• Al-Fadhal, F. A., AL-Abedy, A. N., and Alkhafije, D. A. (2019). Isolation and molecular identification of Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani isolated from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and their control feasibility by Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 29(1), 1-11.
• Anonim, (2022). TUİK, Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim Tarihi: 01.07.2022)
• Anonymous, (2022). FAOSTAT, Word Production data. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (Erişim Tarihi 27.07.2022)
• Arıoğlu, H. H., İncikli, H., Zaimoğlu, B., ve Güllüoğlu, L. (2002). Çukurova bölgesinde turfanda patates yetiştiriciliği üzerine araştırmalar. III. Ulusal Patates Kongresi, 23(27), 117-123.
• Aydın M. H., Pala F. and Kaplan, C. (2016). Potato Tuber Sprout Rot Caused by Fusarium sambucinum in Turkey. Scientific Papers - Series A Agronomy 59: 189-193.
• Banville, G. J. (1989). Yield losses and damage to potato plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani Ktihn. American Potato Journal 66: 821-834.
• Bojanowski, A., Avis, T. J., Pelletier, S. and Tweddell, R. J. (2013). Management of potato dry rot. Postharvest Biology And Technology, 84, 99-109.
• Booth, C. (1971). The Genus Fusarium. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, pp. 237.
• Bora, T. and Karaca, İ. (1970). Kültür Bitkilerinde Hastalığın ve Zararın Ölçülmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı. Bornova/İzmir Yayın no: 167. 43s.
• Carling, D. E., Leiner R. H. and Westphale P. C. (1989). Symptoms, signs and yield reduction associated with Rhizoctonia disease of potato induced by tuber-borne inoculum of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3. American Potato Journal 66: 693-701.
• Chełkowski, J. E. (1989). Formation of mycotoxins produced by Fusaria in heads of wheat, triticale and rye. In Fusarium (pp. 63-84). Elsevier.
• Çakır, E. and Demirci, F. (2012). First Report of Phytophthora cryptogea on Potato Tubers in Turkey. Plant Disease 96: 1224-1225.
• Du, M., Ren, X., Sun, Q., Wang, Y. And Zhang, R. (2012) Characterization of Fusarium spp. causing potato dry rot in China and susceptibility evaluation of Chinese potato germplasm to the pathogen. Potato Res 55:175–184.
• Dugan, F. M. (2006). The Identification of Fungi, An Illustrated Introduction With Keys Glossary and Guide to Literature. APS. Press, St. Paul. Minnesota, USA. pp. 176.
• Eken, C. Demirci, E. and Șahin, F. (2000). Pathogenicity of the Fungi Determined on Tubers from Potato Storages in Erzurum. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 29: 61-69.
• Ellis, M. B. (1971). Dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Dematiaceous hyphomycetes.
• Gachango, E., Hanson, L. E., Rojas, A., Hao, J. J., Kirk, W. W. (2012). Fusarium spp. Causing dry rot of seed potato tubers in Michigan and their sensitivity to fungicides. Plant Dis 96:1767–1774.
• Gore, M. E. Senkal, B. C. Berk, S. K. Onaran, H. Altin, N. Ay, E. Tuna, S. and Zencirci, N. (2015). Recovery of Verticillium dahliae from Commercially Available Potato Seed s Planted in Turkey and Characterization of Isolates by Vegetative Compatibility and Aggressiveness. Phytoparasitica 43: 241-251.
• Heltoft, P., Brurberg, M. B., Skogen, M., Le, V. H., Razzaghian, J. and Hermansen, A. (2016). Fusarium spp. causing Dry Rot on potatoes in Norway and development of a Real-Time PCR method for detection of Fusarium coeruleum. Potato research, 59(1), 67-80.
• Hooker, W. J. (1981). Compendium of potato diseases. American Phytopathological Society.
• İçen, E. (2018). Ticari patates tohum partilerinde, Spongospora subterraneanın neden olduğu tozlu uyuz hastalığının yaygınlığı, yakalanma oranı ve hastalık şiddetinin belirlenmesi ve etmenin morfolojik ve moleküler teşhisi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
• Jager, G., Velvis, H., Lamers, J. G., Mulder, A. and Roosjen, J. (1991). Control of Rhizoctonia solani in potato by biological, chemical and integrated measures. Potato-Res. 34: 269-284.
• Kara, K. (2012). Tohumluk Patates Yetiştiriciliği. Lisans Üstü Ders Notları. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fakültesi, Erzurum
• Koike, S. T., Gladders, P. and Paulus, A. O. (2007). Vegetable Diseases: A Colour Handbook. Manson Publishing, London, pp. 95-115.
• McKee, L. H. (1995). Microbial Contamination of Spices and Herbs, A Review. Lebensm. Wiss. U. Technol., 28, 1-11.
• Nelson, P. E., Desjardins, A. E., Plattner, R. D. (1993). Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species: biology, chemistry and significance. Annual Review of Phytopathology., 31:233–252.
• Oerke, E. C., Dehne, H. W., Schonbeck, F. and Weber, A. (1994). Crop Production and Crop Protection: Estimated Losses in Major Food and Cash Crops. Amsterdam: Elsevier
• Senter, L. H., Sanson, D. R., Corley, D. G., Tempesta, M. S., Rottinghaus, A. A. and Rottinghaus, G. E. (1991). Cytotoxicity of trichothecene mycotoxins isolated from Fusarium sporotrichioides (MC-72083) and Fusarium sambucinum in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. Mycopathologia, 113(2), 127-131.
• Smith, I. M., Dunez, J., Phillips, D. H., Lelliott, R. A. and Archer, S. A. (1988). European handbook of plant diseases. Blackwell, London.
• Sneh, B., Burpee, L., and Ogoshi, A. (1991). Identification of Rhizoctonia species. APS press.
• Soylu, S., Kara, M., Toketti, O., Soylu, E.M., Uysal, A. and Kurt, Ş. (2021). Konya İlinde Yetiştirilen Patates Yumrularında Lastik Çürüklük Hastalık Etmeni Geotrichum candidum’un İzolasyonu, Morfolojik ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24 (2): 353-361. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.714056.
• Stefańczyk, E., Sobkowiak, S., Brylińska, M. and Śliwka, J. (2016). Diversity of Fusarium spp. associated with dry rot of potato tubers in Poland. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 145(4), 871-884.
• Tiwari, R. K., Kumar,,R., Sharma,,S., Sagar,,V., Aggarwal, R., Naga, K. C. and Kumar, M. (2020). Potato dry rot disease: current status, pathogenomics and management. 3 Biotech, 10(11), 1-18.
• Tsror, L. (2010). Biology, epidemiology and management of Rhizoctonia solani on potato. Journal of Phytopathology, 158(10), 649-658.
• Tsror, L., Erlich, O., and Hazanovsky, M. (1999). Effect of Colletotrichum coccodes on potato yield, tuber quality, and stem colonization during spring and autumn. Plant Dis. 83:561-565.
• van der Wolf, J. M., and De Boer, S. H. (2007). Bacterial pathogens of potato. In Potato biology and biotechnology (pp. 595-617). Elsevier Science BV.
• Yıldırım, M. B. ve Yıldırım, Z. (1986). Tohumluk Patates Yetiştiriciliği. 74 s,.Bornova-İzmir.