Priming Uygulamalarının Farklı Gelişim Dönemlerindeki Patlıcan Tohumlarının Canlılık ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 348 - 369, 15.12.2020

Yasemin Çelik , Burcu Begüm Kenanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased.801324

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, Kemer 27 patlıcan çeşidine ait tohumların hidropriming (HP), osmopriming (OP) ve termopriming (TP) uygulamalarının tohum kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Kemer 27 (K) çeşidinin farklı olgunluk seviyelerinde hasat edilen (çiçeklenmeden sonraki 50,55,60,70,80 ve 90. gün) tohumları 35 ve 150C’de 8 saat (4:4 sa/karanlık-aydınlık koşulda) süre boyunca, %10’luk PEG-6000 ile OP, 35 ve 15 0C’de 8 saat (4:4 sa/karanlık-aydınlık koşulda) sürede saf su ile HP ve 50°C’de 2 farklı sürede (15 ve 30 dakika) su banyosunda TP işlemleri uygulanmıştır. Tüm kontrol ve uygulama gruplarında tohum nem miktarlarındaki değişim belirlenmiştir. Denemeler sonucunda, patlıcan tohumlarının priming uygulamaları ile canlılık (ortalama çimlenme oranı ve süresi, kök-sürgün uzunlukları, nem değişimleri) kriterleri değerlendirilmiştir. Genel olarak incelenen parametrelere göre priming olumlu etkisi tohumların olgunluğu ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Yapılan Duncan testi sonuçlarına göre toplam ve normal çimlenme oranları (%) ile nem miktarları (%) açısından hasat zamanı, priming ve interkasiyonları arasındaki farklılığın istatistiki olarak değişken düzeylerde önemli (p≤0.05, 0.01) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kök ve sürgün uzunlukları (mm) bakımından ise hasat zamanları arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Bu çalışma ile patlıcan tohumlarında kullanılan özellikle TP uygulaması diğer priming metotlarına göre çimlenme performansı üzerine daha etkili olmuştur. Kimyasal madde olmadan yapılan bu teknik girdi masraflarını da azalttığı için özellikle organik üretimde kullanılacak tohumlar için alternatif bir uygulama olarak önerilebilir.

Keywords

Solanum melongena L, Hidropriming, Ozmopriming, Termopriming, Çimlenme performansı

Thanks

Bu çalışma birinci yazarın ikinci yazar danışmanlığında hazırlandığı yüksek lisans tezinin bir bölümünden üretilmiştir.

The Effect of Priming Treatments on Vitality and Quality of Eggplant Seeds in Different Maturity Periods

Abstract

In this research, the effects of hidropriming (HP), ozmopriming (OP) and thermopriming (TP) treatments on seed quality in Kemer 27 eggplant variety seeds were investigated. Eggplant cv..Kemer 27 (K) seeds which harvested at different maturity levels (50,55,60,70,80 and 90. days after flowering) were subjected to OP treatments at 15 and 35 0C for 8 hours (4:4 / in the dark-light condition) with 10% PEG-6000 solution, HP treatments at 15 and 35 0C (4:4 / dark-light condition) for 8 hours with distilled water and TP treatments were applied in water bath for two different times (15 and 30 minutes) at 50 °C. Change of seed moisture levels were determined in control and priming groups in all cultivars. At the end of the experiments; all priming treatments of eggplant seeds were evaluated on the basis of viability (mean germination rate and time, seedling root-shoot length, changes of moisture). Generally, when the analyzed parameters were evaluated, it was seen that the priming positive effect was related to the maturity of the seeds. According to Duncan test results, it was determined that the difference between harvest time, priming and interactions in terms of total and normal germination rates (%) and moisture content (%) was statistically significant (p≤0.05, 0.01) at varying levels. Regarding to the root and shoot lengths (mm), the difference between harvest times was found to be statistically significant (p <0.01). With this study, especially TP treatment used in eggplant seeds was more effective on germination performance than other priming methods. This technique, which is made without chemicals, can be applied especially in organic seeds as it also reduces input costs.

Keywords

Solanum melongena L, Hydropriming, Osmopriming, Thermopriming, Germination performance

References

• Allen, S. G., Dobrenz, A. K., Bartels, P. G., (1986), Physiological response of salt-tolerance and nontolerant alfalfa to salinity during germination. Crop Science, 26, 1004-1008.
• Anonymus. (2017). International Seed Testing Association. International rules for seed testing. Zurich, Switzerland.
• Chen, N.C., (2001). Eggplant seed production. AVRDC International Cooperators’ Guide. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Shanhua, Taiwan, pp. 4.
• Demir, İ., Ellıs, R.H., (1992). Changes in seed quality during seed development and maturation in tomato. Seed Science Research, v.2, p.81-87.
• Demir, İ., Mavi, K., Sermenli, T., Ozcoban, M., (2002). Seed development and maturation in aubergine (Solanum melongena L.),Gartenbauwissenschaft, 67: 148-154.
• Demir, İ., (2003). Effect of controlled hydration treatment on quality of aubergine seeds following storage. Phyton, 43(2), 307-317.
• Demir, İ., Mavi, K., Ozcoban, M., Okcu, G., (2003). Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seeds during development. Israel J. Plant Sci.,51, 125-131.
• Demir, İ., Ermis, S., Mavi, K., Matthews, S., (2008). Mean germination time of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seed lots predicts size and uniformity of seedlings in germination tests. Seed Science And Technology, 36(1), 21-30
• Demır, İ., Okcu, G., (2004). Aerated Hydration Treatment For İmproved Germination And Seedling Growth İn Aubergine (Solanum melongena) And Pepper (Capsicum annuum), Ann. appl. Biol., 144:121-123.
• Duran, U.T.,(2016).Patlıcan Tohumlarında TermoPrımıng Uygulamalarının Fide Kalitesi ve Performansı Üzerine Etkiler,Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,Bursa.
• Elkoca, E., Haliloğlu, K., Eşitken, A., Ercişli, S.,(2006). Hydro and osmopriming improve chickpea germination, Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B, Soil and Plant Science, 57(3): 193-200.
• Fanan, S., Novembre, A.D.L.C., (2007). Condicionamento fisiológico de Sementes De Berinjela. Bragantia, V. 66, N. 4, P. 675-683.
• FAO. Patlıcan üretim miktarı(2018),http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC, (Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2020).
• Hardegree, S.P., (1996). Optimization of seed priming treatments to increase low temperature germination rate, Journal of Range Management, 49: 87–92.
• Hegarty, T W., (1978). The physiology of seed hydration and dehydration and relation between water stres and control of germination: A Review. Plant Cell And Environment, 1, 1001-1119.
• Ibrahim, A.E., Roberts, E.H.,(1983). Viability of lettuce seeds. I. Survival in hermetic storage. Journal of Experimental Botany,34: 620-630.
• ISTA (1999): International Rules for Testing Seeds. Seed Sci. and Technol. 27: 155-175.
• Karapanos, I., Mahmood, S., Thanopaulos, C.,(2008). Fruit set in solanaceous vegetable crops as affected by floral and environmental factors, The European Jaurnal of Plant Science And Biotechnology, 2, s85-105
• Klein, J.D., Hebbe, Y., (1994). Growth of tomato plants following short term high temperature seed priming with calcium chloride, Seed Science and Technology, 22: 223-230.
• Luna, B., Moreno, J.M., (2009). Light and nitrate effects on seed germination of mediterranean plant species of several functional groups. Plant Ecology, V.203, N.1, P.123-135
• Martins, D.,Vilela, F., Guimaraes, R., Gomes, L., Silva, P., (2012). Physiological Maturity of Eggplants Seeds, Revista Brasileira de sementes, 34(4), s534-540.
• Marshall, A. H., Naylor, R. E. L . (1985). Ryegrass seedwater relationships. Seed Science and Technology, 13, 829-845
• McDonald, M.B., Black M., (Eds) Bewley J.D.,(2000). Seed technology and its biological basis. Sheffield, UK; Sheffield AcademicPress.
• Mehra, V., Tripathi, J., Powell, A.A., (2003), Aerated hydration treatment improves the response of Brassica juncea and Barassica campestris seeds to stres during germination. Seed Sci. Technol, 31, 57- 70.
• Min, T.G., Seo, B.M.,(1999). Optimum conditions for tobacco seed priming by PEG 6000, Korean Journal of Crop Science, 44(3): 263-266.
• Mexal, J., Fisher, J.T., Osteryoung, J., Reid, C.P.,(1975). Oxygen availability in olyethyleneglycol solutions and its implications in plant-water relations, Plant Physiology, 55: 20-24.
• Moradidezfuli, P., Sharif-Zadeh, F., Janmohammadi, M., (2008). Influence Of Priming techniques On Seed germination behavior Of Maize in bredlines (Zea mays L.). Journal Of Agriculture and biological sciences.3, 22-25.
• Nascimento, W.M., (2005). Condicionamento osmótico De Sementes De Hortaliças visando A Germinação Em Condições De Temperaturas baixas. Horticultura brasileira, V.23, N.2, P.211-214.
• Nascimento, W.M., Pereira, R.S. (2007). Preventing thermo-inhibition in carrot by seed priming. Seed Sci. & Technol., 35, 504-507.
• Nascimento, W.M., Costa, C.J., (2009). Condicionamento osmótico De Sementes De Hortaliças. Tecnologia De Sementes De Hortaliças, P.345-396.
• Nascimento, W.M., Lıma, L.B., (2008). Condicionamento osmótico De Sementes De Berinjela visando A Germinação sob temperaturas baixas. Revista brasileira De Sementes, V.30, N.2, P.224-227.
• Parera C.A., Cantliffe D.J.,(1994). Pre-sowing seed priming, Horticultural Reviews,16: 109-141.
• Passam, H.C.,Baltas, C., Boyiatzoglou, A., Khah, E.M., (2001). Flower morphology and number of aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) in relation to fruit load and auxin application. Scientia Horticulturae, 89: 309-316.
• Passam, H.C., Theodoropoulou, S., Karanissa, T., Karapanos, I.C., (2010). Influence of harvest time and after-ripening on the seed quality of eggplant. Scientia Horticulturae, 125: 518–520.
• Rashid, M.A., Singh, D.P., (2000). A manual on vegetable seed production in Bangladesh. Bangladesh; AVRDC-USAID-Bangladesh Project, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, pp. 119.
• Sani, B., Jodaeian, V., (2015). The Role of Thermo Priming on Improving Seedling Production Technology (Ispt) in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Seeds. International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering Vol:9, No:7.
• Saxena O.P., Singh G.,(1987). Osmotic priming studies in some vegatable seeds. Acta Horticulturae. 215:201-207.
• Sharmaa, A.D., Rathore S.V.S., Srinivasana, K., Tyagi R.K.,(2013). Comparison of various seed priming methods for seed germination, seedling vigour and fruit yield in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench), Scientia Horticulturae, 165: 75-81.
• Sivritepe, H.Ö., Teoman, S.,(2014). Patlıcan tohumlarının fizyolojik olarak iyileştirilmesinde kullanılan farklı hidrasyon ve kurutma uygulamalarının karşılaştırması. 10. Sebze Tarımı Sempozyumu.Tekirdağ.
• Sivritepe, H.Ö., Eriş, A., (2000). The effect of post-storage hydration treatments on viability and repair of genetic damage in peaseeds. ActaHort. 517: 143-149.
• Sivritepe, H.Ö., (1999). Sebze tohumlarında kalite ve performansın arttırılması üzerine ozmotik koşullandırmanın etkileri. Türkiye 3. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi (s. 525-529). Ankara.
• Still, D. W., Bradford, K. J., (1998). Using hydrotime and ABA-times model to quantify seed quality of Brassicas during development. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci,123(4), 692-699.
• Tajbakhsh, M., Brown, P.H., Gracie, A.J., Spurr, C.J., Donovan, N., Clark, R.J.,(2004). Mitigation of stunted root abnormality in onion (Allium cepa L.) using seed priming treatments, Seed Science and Technology, 32: 683-692.
• Trigo, M.F.O.O., Trıgo, L.F.N., (1999). Effect of priming on germinationand on vigor of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Seeds. Revista brasileira De Sementes. 21, 107–113.
• Trigo, M.F.O.O., Nedel, J.L., Trıgo, L.F.N., (1999). Condicionamento osmótico Em Sementes De Cebola: I. Efeitossobre A Germinação. Scientia Agricola, Piracicaba, V.56, N.4, P.1059-1067.
• TÜİK. Patlıcan üretim miktarı 2019,https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr, (Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2020).
• Venkatasubramanian, A., Umarani, R., (2007). Evaluation of seed priming methods to improve seed performance of tomato (Lycoperison esculentum), eggplant (Solanum melongena) and chilli (Capsicum annum), SeedSci. & Technol,35, 487-493.
• Vidigal, D., Dias, D., Dias, L., Finger, F. (2011). Changes in Seed Quality During Fruit Maturation of Sweet Pepper, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia,68(5), s535-539.
• Yogeesha, H.S., Singh, T.H., Naik, L.B., (2008). Seed germination in relation to seed development in eggplant (Solanum melongena), IndianJournal of Agricultural Science, 78: 1010-1012.
• Yogeesha, H.S., Upreti, K.K., Padmini, K., Bhanuprakash, K., Murti, G.S.R., (2006). Mechanism of seed dormancy in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Seed Science and Technology, 34(2), 319-325.
• Ward, F.H., Powell, A.A.,(1983). Evidence for repair processes in onion seeds during storage at high seed moisture contents, Journal of Experimental Botany, 34: 277-282.
• Welbaum, G. E., Tissaoui, T., Bradford, K. J., (1990), Water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) III. Sensitivity of germination to water potential and abscisic acid during development. PlantPhysiology, 92, 1029-1037.