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The Importance of Playing Field Lines and Line Marking Techniques on Football Pitches

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1 - JULY 2023 ISSUE, 55 - 75, 15.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased.1268554

Abstract

Regular marking of sports field lines is an indispensable process for every sport branch. Football, which is very popular in our country, is the most popular sport in the World. In order for the football game rules to be applied and the competition to be held, it is absolutely necessary to mark the playing field. The equipment used in the football pitches, the dimensions and the definition of the game standards are clearly determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). There is a wide variety of materials and equipment options available for line marking work today. At this point, it is important to choose the right materials and equipment and to make the appropriate planning for the process. Health and safety is the priority during the line marking process. These conditions must be provided for both employees and players. In this study, first of all, the dimensions of the football field and the markings of the playgrounds are discussed within the framework of the measures and standards determined by IFAB. Then, line marking materials and equipment used in playground marking were reviewed and their use in football pitches was examined. By examining the applications in the football fields in our country, it has been determined that this process is not taken into consideration enough and the right materials and equipment are not used. In this direction, the problems observed in the study have been expressed and various suggestions have been made about line marking techniques.

References

  • Anonymous, (2011). Football Stadiums, Technical recommendations and requirements. FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). 5th edition, Zurich, Switzerland. https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/ 6c66fa18f65c0a78/original/rcrtvaelvfae84czze1w-pdf.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 25.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2013). Guide to 3G Football Turf Pitch Design Principles And Layouts. TheFA (The Football Association). London, UK. https://www.thefa.com/-/media/cfa/durhamfa/files/facility-and-football-pitch-development/field-of-play/fa-guide-to-ftp-designs-layouts.ashx, (Erişim tarihi: 24.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2017). Line Marking, Guidance Notes On Line Marking Of Football Pitches. TheFA (The Football Association). London, UK. https://www.thefa.com/-/media/cfa/westmorlandfa/files/clubs-and-leagues/rules-and-regulations/white-line-marking-guidelines-2013.ashx, (Erişim tarihi: 23.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2018). Pitch Quality Guidelines, Natural turf pitch management. UEFA (Union of European Football Associations). 2018 edition, Nyon 2, Switzerland. https://documents.uefa.com/v/u/UEFA-Guidelines/UEFA-Pitch-Quality-Guidelines-2018, (Erişim tarihi: 25.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2021). Laws of the Game 21/22. IFAB (The International Football Association Board). Zurich, Switzerland. https://irp.cdn-website.com/203053c4/files/uploaded/LOTG-2021_22.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 26.02. 2022).
  • Bingöl, B. (2004). Orta Anadolu Koşullarında Futbol Sahalarındaki Teknik Altyapı ve Çim Yüzey Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Evans, R.D.C. (1994). Winter Games Pitches: The Construction and Maintenance of Natural Turf Pitches for Team Games. STRI (Sports Turf Research Institute).
  • Harrod, M. (2018). Pressure Jet Markers –A History. Retrieved from https://mhgoals.com/pressure-jet-markers-history.
  • Hocaoğlu, T. ve Bingöl, B. (2022). Futbol Sahalarında Hibrit Çim Kullanımının İrdelenmesi. Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik ve Tasarım Dergisi, 4(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased. 1031997.
  • Robson, C. (2019). Intelligent Marking bring unrivalled accuracy to the NEC. Pitchcare, Retrieved from https://www.pitchcare.com/news-media/intelligent-marking-bring-unrivalled-accuracy-to-the-nec. html.
  • URL-1: https://www.pitchcare.com/news-media/the-art-of-linemarking .html, (Erişim tarihi: 20.02.2022).
  • URL-2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_marker_(sports), (Erişim tarihi: 28.03.2022).
  • URL-3: https://sportantiques.co.uk/tennis-museum/collectables/caxton-lawn-tennis-line-marker-schotten-tennis-museum-collection-not-for-sale, (Erişim tarihi: 19.02.2022).
  • URL-4: https://www.sisis.com/truline/, (Erişim tarihi: 13.03.2022).
  • URL-5: https://beaconathletics.com/store/field-essentials /chalkers/ streamliner-353p-3-wheel-line-chalker/, (Erişim tarihi: 11.03.2022).
  • URL-6: https://www.bsnsports.com/alumagoal-65-lb-steel-dry-line-marker, (Erişim tarihi: 12.03.2022).
  • URL-7: https://www.pitchmark.com/, (Erişim tarihi: 19.03.2022).
  • URL-8: https://fleet-us.com/laser-guided-line-marking-machines.html, (Erişim tarihi: 09.03.2022).
  • URL-9: https://www.rigbytaylor.com/line-marking/gps-robotic-line-marking/the-tinylinemarker-sport/, (Erişim tarihi: 11.03.2022).
  • URL-10: https://www.linemarkerpaint.co.uk/product/grassline-linear-24-wheel-aerosol-line-marking-paint-applicator/, (Erişim tarihi: 13.03.2022).
  • URL-11: https://www.networldsports.ie/aerosol-line-marking-machine-14033.html, (Erişim tarihi: 18.03. 2023).

Futbol Sahalarında Oyun Alanı Çizgilerinin Önemi ve Çizgi İşaretleme Teknikleri

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1 - JULY 2023 ISSUE, 55 - 75, 15.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased.1268554

Abstract

Spor saha çizgilerinin düzenli olarak işaretlenmesi, her spor dalı için vazgeçilmez bir işlemdir. Ülkemizde de çokça sevilen futbol, dünyada en fazla ilgi duyulan spordur. Futbol oyun kurallarının uygulanabilmesi ve müsabakanın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için oyun alanı işaretlemelerinin mutlaka yapılması gerekmektedir. Futbol oyun sahasında kullanılan donatılar, ölçüler ve oyun standartlarının tarifi, Uluslararası Futbol Birliği Kurulu (IFAB) tarafından açıkça belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde çizgi işaretleme çalışmaları için çok çeşitli malzeme ve ekipman seçeneği bulunmaktadır. Bu nokta da önemli olan doğru malzeme ve ekipmanın seçilmesi ve işlem için uygun planlamanın yapılmasıdır. Çizgi işaretleme işlemi esnasında öncelik sağlık ve güvenliktir. Gerek çalışanlar gerekse oyuncular için mutlaka bu şartlar sağlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada da öncelikle futbol sahası oyun alanı ölçüleri ve oyun alanı işaretlemeleri IFAB’IN belirlediği ölçü ve standartlar çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra oyun alanı işaretlemesinde kullanılan çizgi işaretleme malzeme ve ekipmanları gözden geçirilerek futbol sahalarındaki kullanımları incelenmiştir. Ülkemizdeki futbol sahalarındaki uygulamalar da incelenerek, bu işlemin yeterince dikkate alınmadığı, doğru malzeme ve ekipmanın kullanılmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada gözlemlenen sorunlar ifade edilerek çizgi işaretleme teknikleri konusunda çeşitli öneriler getirilmiştir.

References

  • Anonymous, (2011). Football Stadiums, Technical recommendations and requirements. FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). 5th edition, Zurich, Switzerland. https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/ 6c66fa18f65c0a78/original/rcrtvaelvfae84czze1w-pdf.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 25.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2013). Guide to 3G Football Turf Pitch Design Principles And Layouts. TheFA (The Football Association). London, UK. https://www.thefa.com/-/media/cfa/durhamfa/files/facility-and-football-pitch-development/field-of-play/fa-guide-to-ftp-designs-layouts.ashx, (Erişim tarihi: 24.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2017). Line Marking, Guidance Notes On Line Marking Of Football Pitches. TheFA (The Football Association). London, UK. https://www.thefa.com/-/media/cfa/westmorlandfa/files/clubs-and-leagues/rules-and-regulations/white-line-marking-guidelines-2013.ashx, (Erişim tarihi: 23.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2018). Pitch Quality Guidelines, Natural turf pitch management. UEFA (Union of European Football Associations). 2018 edition, Nyon 2, Switzerland. https://documents.uefa.com/v/u/UEFA-Guidelines/UEFA-Pitch-Quality-Guidelines-2018, (Erişim tarihi: 25.02.2022).
  • Anonymous, (2021). Laws of the Game 21/22. IFAB (The International Football Association Board). Zurich, Switzerland. https://irp.cdn-website.com/203053c4/files/uploaded/LOTG-2021_22.pdf, (Erişim tarihi: 26.02. 2022).
  • Bingöl, B. (2004). Orta Anadolu Koşullarında Futbol Sahalarındaki Teknik Altyapı ve Çim Yüzey Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Evans, R.D.C. (1994). Winter Games Pitches: The Construction and Maintenance of Natural Turf Pitches for Team Games. STRI (Sports Turf Research Institute).
  • Harrod, M. (2018). Pressure Jet Markers –A History. Retrieved from https://mhgoals.com/pressure-jet-markers-history.
  • Hocaoğlu, T. ve Bingöl, B. (2022). Futbol Sahalarında Hibrit Çim Kullanımının İrdelenmesi. Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik ve Tasarım Dergisi, 4(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased. 1031997.
  • Robson, C. (2019). Intelligent Marking bring unrivalled accuracy to the NEC. Pitchcare, Retrieved from https://www.pitchcare.com/news-media/intelligent-marking-bring-unrivalled-accuracy-to-the-nec. html.
  • URL-1: https://www.pitchcare.com/news-media/the-art-of-linemarking .html, (Erişim tarihi: 20.02.2022).
  • URL-2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_marker_(sports), (Erişim tarihi: 28.03.2022).
  • URL-3: https://sportantiques.co.uk/tennis-museum/collectables/caxton-lawn-tennis-line-marker-schotten-tennis-museum-collection-not-for-sale, (Erişim tarihi: 19.02.2022).
  • URL-4: https://www.sisis.com/truline/, (Erişim tarihi: 13.03.2022).
  • URL-5: https://beaconathletics.com/store/field-essentials /chalkers/ streamliner-353p-3-wheel-line-chalker/, (Erişim tarihi: 11.03.2022).
  • URL-6: https://www.bsnsports.com/alumagoal-65-lb-steel-dry-line-marker, (Erişim tarihi: 12.03.2022).
  • URL-7: https://www.pitchmark.com/, (Erişim tarihi: 19.03.2022).
  • URL-8: https://fleet-us.com/laser-guided-line-marking-machines.html, (Erişim tarihi: 09.03.2022).
  • URL-9: https://www.rigbytaylor.com/line-marking/gps-robotic-line-marking/the-tinylinemarker-sport/, (Erişim tarihi: 11.03.2022).
  • URL-10: https://www.linemarkerpaint.co.uk/product/grassline-linear-24-wheel-aerosol-line-marking-paint-applicator/, (Erişim tarihi: 13.03.2022).
  • URL-11: https://www.networldsports.ie/aerosol-line-marking-machine-14033.html, (Erişim tarihi: 18.03. 2023).
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Bora Bingöl 0000-0001-9644-0921

Tuğrul Hocaoğlu 0000-0002-7096-3051

Early Pub Date January 7, 2023
Publication Date July 15, 2023
Submission Date March 21, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 - JULY 2023 ISSUE

Cite

APA Bingöl, B., & Hocaoğlu, T. (2023). Futbol Sahalarında Oyun Alanı Çizgilerinin Önemi ve Çizgi İşaretleme Teknikleri. Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 5(1), 55-75. https://doi.org/10.47898/ijeased.1268554