A research on fuel properties of bioethanol produced from waste bread

Abstract

In this study, fuel properties of two bioethanol fuel, one produced from waste bread (E100b) and the other originated from sugar beet (E100) and base gasoline (E0) were treat as a subject. It was investigated that the properties of fuel blends formed by mixing both bioethanol with gasoline in the same proportions as 5, 10, 15, 85%. The evaluation was based on the fuel properties, which are thought to have the most influence on engine operation, such as density, purity, kinematic viscosity, octane number, heating value. Waste bread based- bioethanol has been found to cause an increasing effect on the density, kinematic viscosity, while decreasing the heating value to some extent. The results showed that differences in fuel properties among both bioethanol that are thought to be related to purity can be ignored for fuel blends with low bioethanol content.

Keywords

• Bioethanol,Gasoline,Waste bread,Fuel properties

Supporting Institution

Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Unit / Selcuk University Instructor Training Program Unit

Project Number

17301012 / 103

Thanks

This article is produced from Ph.D. thesis of Bahar Sayın Kul. Appreciations to Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Project No:17301012) and Selcuk University Instructor Training Program Unit (Project No: 103) for their support for this study.

References

1. [1] Singh, B.R. and O. Singh, Global trends of fossil fuel reserves and climate change in the 21st century, in Fossil Fuel and the Environment. 2012, IntechOpen.
2. [2] Caton, J.A., Implications of fuel selection for an SI engine: Results from the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Fuel, 2010. 89(11): p. 3157-3166.
3. [3] Kumar, J.V., R. Mathew, and A. Shahbazi, Bioconversion of solid food wastes to ethanol. Analyst, 1998. 123(3): p. 497-502.
4. [4] Arapoglou, D., et al., Ethanol production from potato peel waste (PPW). Waste Management, 2010. 30(10): p. 1898-1902.
5. [5] Choi, I.S., et al., Conversion of coffee residue waste into bioethanol with using popping pretreatment. Bioresource Technology, 2012. 125(Supplement C): p. 132-137.
6. [6] Parmar, I. and H.P.V. Rupasinghe, Bio-conversion of apple pomace into ethanol and acetic acid: Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Bioresource Technology, 2013. 130(Supplement C): p. 613-620.
7. [7] Oberoi, H.S., et al., Ethanol production from banana peels using statistically optimized simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Waste Management, 2011. 31(7): p. 1576-1584.
8. [8] Boluda-Aguilar, M. and A. López-Gómez, Production of bioethanol by fermentation of lemon (Citrus limon L.) peel wastes pretreated with steam explosion. Industrial Crops and Products, 2013. 41: p. 188-197.

9. [9] Bielaczyc, P., et al., An examination of the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends' physicochemical properties on emissions from a light-duty spark ignition engine. Fuel Processing Technology, 2013. 107: p. 50-63.
10. [10] Rodríguez-Antón, L.M., M. Hernández-Campos, and F. Sanz-Pérez, Experimental determination of some physical properties of gasoline, ethanol and ETBE blends. Fuel, 2013. 112: p. 178-184.
11. [11] Foong, T.M., et al., The octane numbers of ethanol blended with gasoline and its surrogates. Fuel, 2014. 115: p. 727-739.
12. [12] Dillon, H.E. and S.G. Penoncello, A Fundamental Equation for Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Ethanol. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2004. 25(2): p. 321-335.
13. [13] TMOGM, Türkiye'de Ekmek İsrafı Araştırması. 2013.
14. [14] Leung, C.C.J., et al., Utilisation of waste bread for fermentative succinic acid production. Biochemical engineering journal, 2012. 65: p. 10-15.
15. [15] Zhang, A.Y.-z., et al., Valorisation of bakery waste for succinic acid production. Green chemistry, 2013. 15(3): p. 690-695.
16. [16] Melikoglu, M. and C. Webb, Chapter 4 - Use of Waste Bread to Produce Fermentation Products, in Food Industry Wastes. 2013, Academic Press: San Diego. p. 63-76.
17. [17] Han, W., et al., BioH2 production from waste bread using a two-stage process of enzymatic hydrolysis and dark fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017. 42(50): p. 29929-29934.
18. [18] Han, W., et al., Continuous biohydrogen production from waste bread by anaerobic sludge. Bioresource Technology, 2016. 212(Supplement C): p. 1-5.
19. [19] Arshadi, M. and H. Grundberg, 9 - Biochemical production of bioethanol, in Handbook of Biofuels Production. 2011, Woodhead Publishing. p. 199-220.
20. [20] Lam, W.C., T.H. Kwan, and C.S.K. Lin, Enzymes in valorization of food and beverage wastes, in Enzymes in food and beverage processing. 2015, CRC Press. p. 479-501.
21. [21] Ačanski, M., et al., Bioethanol production from waste bread samples made from mixtures of wheat and buckwheat flours. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 2014. 18(1): p. 40-43.
22. [22] Wang, X., et al., The effects of hydrous ethanol gasoline on combustion and emission characteristics of a port injection gasoline engine. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2015. 6: p. 147-154.
23. [23] Costa, R.C. and J.R. Sodré, Compression ratio effects on an ethanol/gasoline fuelled engine performance. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011. 31(2): p. 278-283.
24. [24] Sadeghbeigi, R., Chapter 8 - Products and Economics, in Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook (Third Edition), R. Sadeghbeigi, Editor. 2012, Butterworth-Heinemann: Oxford. p. 169-189.