Nanosilika ile güçlendirilmiş AZ91 alaşimlarinin mikroyapı, sertlik ve yoğunluk araştırması

Öz

Magnezyum ve alaşımları, olağanüstü mukavemet-ağırlık oranı, düşük yoğunluk, mükemmel dökülebilirlik, işlenebilirlik ve bulunabilirlik özellikleri nedeniyle havacılık ve otomotiv endüstrilerinde hafif yapısal uygulamalar için çok değerlidir. Ancak, düşük mukavemet, zayıf süneklik ve sınırlı soğuk işlenebilirlik özellikleri nedeniyle kullanım alanları sınırlıdır. Geleneksel alaşımlama yöntemleri mekanik özellikleri iyileştirir, ancak yine de alüminyum alaşımları ve çeliğe kıyasla yetersiz kalır. Bu durum, mekanik özellikleri iyileştirmek için mikron ve nano boyutlu takviyelere odaklanan magnezyum bazlı metal matris kompozitler (MMC'ler) konusunda önemli araştırmalara yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, mekanik alaşımlama yaklaşımı kullanılarak nanosilikayla takviye edilmiş AZ91 alaşımının üretimini araştırmakta ve farklı nanosilikal oranlarının (1%, 3% ve 5%) malzeme özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. Mekanik alaşımlama işlemi, planet yüksek enerjili bilyalı değirmen kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen tozlar soğuk preslenerek yığın alaşımlara dönüştürülmüştür. Kompozitlerin yoğunlukları Arşimet prensibi kullanılarak ölçülmüş ve nanosilikanın numunelerdeki gözenekliliği doldurma kabiliyeti nedeniyle genel yoğunluğu artırdığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Sertlik ölçümleri, nanosilikanın sertlik değerlerini artırdığını göstermiştir. En yüksek sertlik, %5 nanosilikalı numunede gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, nanosilikalı takviye, AZ91 alaşımlarında hem yoğunluğu hem de sertliği artırmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, yüksek performanslı uygulamalar için gelişmiş magnezyum bazlı MMC'lerin geliştirilmesine yardımcı olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nanosilika
• AZ91
• Mg Alaşımı
• Sertlik ve Mikroyapı

The microstructure, hardness, and density investigation of AZ91 alloys reinforced with nanosilica

Abstract

Magnesium and its alloys are highly valued for lightweight structural applications in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, low density, excellent castability, and machinability However, their utility is limited by low strength, poor ductility, and limited cold workability. Traditional alloying methods improve mechanical properties but still fall short compared to aluminum alloys and steel. This has led to significant research in magnesium-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on micron- and nano-sized reinforcements to enhance mechanical characteristics. This study investigates the fabrication of nanosilica-reinforced AZ91 alloy using a mechanical alloying approach, examining the effects of different nanosilica ratios (1%, 3%, and 5%) on the material properties. The mechanical alloying process was carried out using a planetary high-energy ball mill, and the resulting powders were cold-pressed into bulk alloys. The densities of the composites were measured using the Archimedean principle, revealing that the addition of nanosilica increased the overall density due to its ability to reduce the porosity in the samples. Hardness measurements showed that nanosilica increased hardness values. The highest hardness was observed in the sample with 5% nanosilica. Overall, nanosilica reinforcement improved both density and hardness in AZ91 alloys. These results aid in developing advanced magnesium-based MMCs for high-performance applications.

Keywords

• Nanosilica
• AZ91
• Mg alloys
• Hardness
• and Microstructure

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