Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures

Justina Ukpebor; Wayne Omagamre; Bamidele Abayode; Charles Unuigbe; Edward Dibie; Emmanuel Ukpebor

EN

Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures

Abstract

Fine atmospheric particles (PM2.5) and coarse particles (PM10), have been reported as major contributors to the low life expectancy of 54 years in Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa. This study was designed to provide baseline data on PM2.5 and PM10 levels in Benin City, wherein traffic control measures have recently been introduced. A light scattering approach (Cel – 712 Microdust Pro Real – time Dust Monitor) was employed for the PM quantification. The average PM2.5 concentration obtained (31.48µgm-3) was found to be higher than the WHO threshold limit (25 µgm-3) by a factor of 1.25. At 60% of the sampling sites, the WHO 50 µgm-3regulatory limit for PM10 was also violated, with a city range of 21.4 – 57.8 µgm-3. Spatial variations in the PM fractions were statistically significant (p<0.05). The source identification and apportionment studies by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) suggested that motor vehicles were the major source of PM2.5 (77.3%) and PM10 (70%) in the city with the remainder coming from refuse combustion. The average on–road respiratory deposition dose (RDD) rates analysis estimated that 6.96% of the measured PM were deposited in the tracheobronchial region, 12.36% in the alveolar and 78.86% in the head airway of the commuters and pedestrians in the city.

Keywords

Particulate matter, baseline, background, traffic control measure

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmental Sciences

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Justina Ukpebor This is me
Nigeria

Wayne Omagamre This is me
United States

Bamidele Abayode This is me
Nigeria

Charles Unuigbe This is me
Nigeria

Edward Dibie This is me
Nigeria

Emmanuel Ukpebor ^*
Nigeria

Publication Date

June 30, 2021

Submission Date

February 1, 2021

Acceptance Date

May 4, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 4 Number: 1

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA

APA

Ukpebor, J., Omagamre, W., Abayode, B., Unuigbe, C., Dibie, E., & Ukpebor, E. (2021). Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Environmental Modelling, 4(1), 17-27. https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA

AMA

1.Ukpebor J, Omagamre W, Abayode B, Unuigbe C, Dibie E, Ukpebor E. Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures. Int. j. environ. pollut. environ. model. 2021;4(1):17-27. https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA

Chicago

Ukpebor, Justina, Wayne Omagamre, Bamidele Abayode, Charles Unuigbe, Edward Dibie, and Emmanuel Ukpebor. 2021. “Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City With Introduced Traffic Control Measures”. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Environmental Modelling 4 (1): 17-27. https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA.

EndNote

Ukpebor J, Omagamre W, Abayode B, Unuigbe C, Dibie E, Ukpebor E (June 1, 2021) Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Environmental Modelling 4 1 17–27.

IEEE

[1]J. Ukpebor, W. Omagamre, B. Abayode, C. Unuigbe, E. Dibie, and E. Ukpebor, “Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures”, Int. j. environ. pollut. environ. model., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 17–27, June 2021, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA

ISNAD

Ukpebor, Justina - Omagamre, Wayne - Abayode, Bamidele - Unuigbe, Charles - Dibie, Edward - Ukpebor, Emmanuel. “Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City With Introduced Traffic Control Measures”. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Environmental Modelling 4/1 (June 1, 2021): 17-27. https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA.

JAMA

1.Ukpebor J, Omagamre W, Abayode B, Unuigbe C, Dibie E, Ukpebor E. Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures. Int. j. environ. pollut. environ. model. 2021;4:17–27.

MLA

Ukpebor, Justina, et al. “Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City With Introduced Traffic Control Measures”. International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Environmental Modelling, vol. 4, no. 1, June 2021, pp. 17-27, https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA.

Vancouver

1.Justina Ukpebor, Wayne Omagamre, Bamidele Abayode, Charles Unuigbe, Edward Dibie, Emmanuel Ukpebor. Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures. Int. j. environ. pollut. environ. model. [Internet]. 2021 Jun. 1;4(1):17-2. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA83DL38NA

❤ IJEPEM.

Abstract

Baseline Concentrations of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in A Tropical City with Introduced Traffic Control Measures

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