Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Role of Transformational Leadership in Fostering Teacher Knowledge Sharing: The Mediating Effects of Teachers’ Epistemic Curiosity and Commitment

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 290 - 309, 19.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.63612/ijesp.1707126

Abstract

This study investigates how principals’ transformational leadership practices influence teachers’ knowledge-sharing behaviors through the mediating roles of teacher epistemic curiosity and commitment. Although transformational leadership has been extensively studied, limited empirical research has examined the psychological mechanisms linking transformational leadership to knowledge-sharing practices in the Turkish educational context. To address this gap, survey data were collected from 502 teachers across primary, secondary, and upper-secondary schools in Türkiye and analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results reveal that transformational leadership promotes knowledge sharing both directly and indirectly by fostering curiosity and commitment among teachers. These findings underscore the importance of leadership in shaping teacher capacities that facilitate professional knowledge exchange. Implications include the need to institutionalize structured opportunities for knowledge sharing, recognize teachers’ collaborative contributions, and support principals in fostering inquiry-oriented school cultures. Limitations of the study, including the cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data, suggest directions for future longitudinal and multi-source research.

Ethical Statement

The ethics application for the study was made on 27/03/2025, and the research was carried out with the approval of Bartın University Ethics Committee for Social and Human Sciences dated 16/04/2025 and numbered 2025-SBB-0264.

References

  • Adams, C., Adigun, O. B., & Fiegener, A. (2025). Teacher epistemic curiosity: how principal–teacher conversation supports it. Journal of Educational Administration, 63(1), 1–17.
  • Agyemang, F. G., Dzandu, M. D., & Boateng, H. (2016). Knowledge sharing among teachers: The role of the Big Five personality traits. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 46(1), 64–84.
  • Akosile, A., & Olatokun, W. (2020). Factors influencing knowledge sharing among academics in Bowen University, Nigeria. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 52(2), 410–427.
  • Al-Husseini, S., El Beltagi, I., & Moizer, J. (2021). Transformational leadership and innovation: the mediating role of knowledge sharing amongst higher education faculty. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 24(5), 670–693.
  • Bass, B. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press, New York, NY.
  • Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Transformational leadership and organizational culture. The International Journal of Public Administration, 17(3-4), 541–554.
  • Bellibaş, M. Ş., Kılınç, A. Ç., & Polatcan, M. (2021). The moderation role of transformational leadership in the effect of instructional leadership on teacher professional learning and instructional practice: An integrated leadership perspective. Educational Administration Quarterly, 57(5), 776–814.
  • Berkovich, I., & Hassan, T. (2023). Principals’ digital transformational leadership, teachers’ commitment, and school effectiveness. Education Inquiry, https://doi.org/10.1080/20004508.2023.2173705
  • Berlyne, D. (1954). A theory of human curiosity. British Journal of Psychology, 45(3), 180–191.
  • Bock, G.-W., Zmud, R.W., Kim, Y.-G., & Lee, J.-N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 87–111.
  • Bogler, R., & Berkovich, I. (2022). A systematic review of empirical evidence on teachers’ organizational commitment 1994–2018. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 21(3), 440–457.
  • Carless, S. A., Wearing, A. J., & Mann, L. (2000). A short measure of transformational leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14(3), 389–405.
  • Chang, Y. Y., & Shih, H. Y. (2019). Work curiosity: A new lens for understanding employee creativity. Human Resource Management Review, 29(4), 100672.
  • Chen, A. S. Y., Bian, M. D., Nguyen, T. K., & Chang, C. H. (2024). From curiosity to innovativeness: the mediating mechanisms of cultural intelligence and knowledge sharing behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(2), 673–691.
  • Chen, C., & Pongtornkulpanich, A. (2024). Motivation, knowledge sharing, and innovative work behaviors of university teachers. Journal of System and Management Sciences, 14(4), 86–104.
  • Chen, L. B., & Chang, Y. C. (2023). Research on the influence of teachers’ perceived transformational leadership on knowledge sharing behavior in colleges and universities in Anhui, China. Educational Research and Reviews, 18(11), 308–318.
  • Cheng, M. Y., Ho, J. S. Y., & Lau, P. M. (2009). Knowledge sharing in academic institutions: A study of multimedia university Malaysia. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 7(3), 313–324.
  • Costa, V., & Monteiro, S. (2012, September). Knowledge sharing among university teachers: the role of organizational commitment. In European Conference on Knowledge Management. Academic Conferences International Limited, Portugal (pp. 226–233).
  • Davenport, T. H., & Prusak, L. (1998). Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268.
  • Devos, G., Tuytens, M., & Hulpia, H. (2014). Teachers’ organizational commitment: Examining the mediating effects of distributed leadership. American Journal of Education, 120(2), 205–231.
  • Eyal, O., & Roth, G. (2011). Principals’ leadership and teachers' motivation: Self‐determination theory analysis. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(3), 256–275.
  • Fayda-Kinik, F. S. (2022). The role of organisational commitment in knowledge sharing amongst academics: an insight into the critical perspectives for higher education. International Journal of Educational Management, 36(2), 179–193.
  • Ford, T. G., Olsen, J., Khojasteh, J., Ware, J., & Urick, A. (2019). The effects of leader support for teacher psychological needs on teacher burnout, commitment, and intent to leave. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(6), 615–634.
  • Geijsel, F. P., Sleegers, P. J., Stoel, R. D., & Krüger, M. L. (2009). The effect of teacher psychological and school organizational and leadership factors on teachers’ professional learning in Dutch schools. The Elementary School Journal, 109, 406–427.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge. Gino, F. (2018). Why curiosity matters. Harvard Business Review, September-October Issue, 47–61.
  • Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
  • Hatcher, L. (1994). A step-by-step approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation modeling. SAS Institute.
  • Hoang, T. N., & Le, P. B. (2025). The influence of transformational leadership on knowledge sharing of teachers: the roles of knowledge-centered culture and perceived organizational support. The Learning Organization, 32(2), 328–349.
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55.
  • Hulpia, H., Devos, G., & Van Keer, H. (2009). The influence of distributed leadership on teachers’ organizational commitment: A multilevel approach. The Journal of Educational Research, 103(1), 40–52.
  • Ibrahim, M. S., Ghavifekr, S., Ling, S., Siraj, S., & Azeez, M. I. K. (2014). Can transformational leadership influence on teachers’ commitment towards organization, teaching profession, and students learning? A quantitative analysis. Asia Pacific Education Review, 15(2), 177–190.
  • Imran, R., Allil, K., & Mahmoud, A. B. (2017). Teacher’s turnover intentions: Examining the impact of motivation and organizational commitment. International Journal of Educational Management, 31(6), 828–842.
  • Jaleel, A., & Sarmad, M. (2024). Empowering leadership and the role of work-related curiosity in employee job crafting behavior: the role of low gender egalitarianism. The Learning Organization, 31(6), 1008–1030.
  • Kaya, K., Erdoğan, O., Yeşil, Y., & Sezgin, F. (2024). The roles of collective teacher efficacy and commitment in the relationship between Turkish language teachers’ job satisfaction and school principal distributed leadership. SAGE Open, 14(3), 1–15.
  • Kılınç, A. Ç., Er, E., & Beycioğlu, K. (2021). Mapping the terrain of training and appointment of educational leaders in the Turkish context: An historical perspective. In E. Samier, E. Elkaleh, & W. Hammad (Eds.), Internationalisation of educational administration and leadership curriculum (pp. 139–157). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83909-864-220211009
  • Kılınç, A. Ç., Polatcan, M., Savaş, G., & Er, E. (2024). How transformational leadership influences teachers’ commitment and innovative practices: Understanding the moderating role of trust in principal. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 52(2), 455–474.
  • Lefever, S., Dal, M., & Matthíasdóttir, Á. (2007). Online data collection in academic research: advantages and limitations. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(4), 574–582.
  • Leithwood, K., & Jantzi, D. (1999). Transformational school leadership effects: A replication. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 10(4), 451–479.
  • Li, Y., Emin, M., Zhou, Q., Zhang, J., & Hu, W. (2023). The relationship between epistemic curiosity and creativity: Research status and educational implications. Future in Educational Research, 1(2), 115–128.
  • Litman, J. (2005). Curiosity and the pleasures of learning: Wanting and liking new information. Cognition and Emotion, 19(6), 793–814.
  • Litman, J. A., & Spielberger, C. D. (2003). Measuring epistemic curiosity and its diversive and specific components. Journal of Personality Assessment, 80(1), 75–86.
  • Litman, J. A., Crowson, H. M., & Kolinski, K. (2010). Validity of the interest-and deprivation-type epistemic curiosity distinction in non-students. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(5), 531–536.
  • Marks, H. M., & Printy, S. M. (2003). Principal leadership and school performance: An integration of transformational and instructional leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 39(3), 370–397.
  • Mercer, S., & Pawlak, M. (2024). Language teacher professional curiosity: Understanding the drive for professional development. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 14(3), 393–420.
  • Messmann, G., Evers, A., & Kreijns, K. (2022). The role of basic psychological needs satisfaction in the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 33(1), 29–45.
  • Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2023) National education statistics formal education 2022/2023. Available at: https://sgb.meb.gov.tr/www/icerik_goruntule.php?KNO=508
  • Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2017). Teacher strategy paper. http://oygm.meb.gov.tr/ meb_iys_dosyalar/2018_05/25170118_Teacher_Strategy_Paper_2017-2023.pdf
  • Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2018). Turkey’s 2023 Education Vision. https://tegm.meb.gov.tr/www/2023-vizyonu/icerik/23
  • Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2024). The Century of Türkiye Education Model common text. https://tymm.meb.gov.tr/ortak-metin
  • Mohd Rasdi, R., & Tangaraja, G. (2022). Knowledge-sharing behaviour in public service organisations: Determinants and the roles of affective commitment and normative commitment. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(3/4), 337–355.
  • Mokhtar, A., Maouloud, V. M., Omowunmi, A. K., & Nordin, M. S. B. (2023). Teachers’ commitment, self-efficacy and job satisfaction as communicated by trained teachers. Management in Education, 37(3), 127–139.
  • Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organizational linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic Press.
  • Ninković, S., Knežević-Florić, O., & Đorđić, D. (2024). Transformational leadership and teachers’ use of differentiated instruction in Serbian schools: Investigating the mediating effects of teacher collaboration and self-efficacy. Educational Studies, 50(6), 1353–1372.
  • OECD. (2019). TALIS 2018 results (Volume I): Teachers and school leaders as lifelong learners. OECD Publishing.
  • Özdemir, S., Sezgin, F., Kılınç, A. Ç., Erdoğan, O., & Turan Bora, H. (2024). Unveiling the associations between principal self-efficacy, openness to change and transformational leadership: the mediating role of well-being. Journal of Educational Administration, 62(5), 528–544.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.
  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Industry and Technology. (2017). Socio-economic development ranking report (SEGE). https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/merkez-birimi/b94224510b7b/sege
  • Rismark, M., & Sølvberg, A. M. (2011). Knowledge sharing in schools: a key to developing professional learning communities. World Journal of Education, 1(2), 150–160.
  • Savaş, G., Arslan, K., Dolapcı, E., Erdoğan, O., & Kılınç, A. Ç. (2025). Leadership for learning, teacher epistemic curiosity and psychological safety: Promoting professional learning. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432251355389
  • Shi, L., Chen, S., & Zhou, Y. (2023). The influence of social capital on primary school teachers’ creative teaching behavior: Mediating effects of knowledge sharing and creative teaching self-efficacy. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 47(1), 101226.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
  • Tan, C. N. L. (2015). Enhancing knowledge sharing and research collaboration among academics: The role of knowledge management. Higher Education, 71(4), 525–556.
  • Thien, L. M., & Razak, N. A. (2014). Teacher commitment: A comparative study of Malaysian ethnic groups in three types of primary schools. Social Psychology of Education, 17(2), 307–326.
  • Van Den Hooff, B., Schouten, A. P., & Simonovski, S. (2012). What one feels and what one knows: the influence of emotions on attitudes and intentions towards knowledge sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 16(1), 148–158.
  • Vansteenkiste, M., Lens, W., & Deci, E. L. (2006). Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal contents in self-determination theory: Another look at the quality of academic motivation. Educational Psychologist, 41(1), 19–31.
  • Vermeulen, M., Kreijns, K., & Evers, A. T. (2022). Transformational leadership, leader–member exchange and school learning climate: Impact on teachers’ innovative behaviour in the Netherlands. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 50(3), 491–510.
  • Wang, J., Tigelaar, D., & Admiraal, W. (2021). Rural teachers’ sharing of digital educational resources: From motivation to behavior. Computers & Education, 161, 104055.
  • Wang, S., & Noe, R. A. (2010). Knowledge sharing: A review and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 20(2), 115–131.
  • Watson, L. (2022). The role of curiosity in successful collaboration. Scientia et Fides, 10(2), 31–49. Whitehouse, S., Vickers-Hulse, K., & Carter, J. (2018). Curious teachers, create curious learners and great historians. Education 3-13, 46(6), 648–660.
  • Zeinabadi, H. (2022). Principals’ role in teachers’ knowledge-sharing beliefs, intention and behaviour in Iranian schools: Exploring the impact of knowledge-sharing leadership. Journal of Educational Administration, 60(5), 493–510.
  • Zeinabadi, H., & Abbasian, H. (2024). Principal's leadership and teacher-to-teacher knowledge-sharing in Iranian schools: Developing and validating a multi-dimensional scale. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 52(3), 711–739.
  • Zhang, S., Long, R., & Bowers, A. J. (2024). Supporting teacher knowledge sharing in China: The effect of principal authentic leadership, teacher psychological empowerment and interactional justice. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 52(5), 1252–1270.
There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Education Management
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gökhan Savaş 0000-0003-0690-8733

Submission Date May 27, 2025
Acceptance Date July 21, 2025
Early Pub Date July 23, 2025
Publication Date November 19, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Savaş, G. (2025). The Role of Transformational Leadership in Fostering Teacher Knowledge Sharing: The Mediating Effects of Teachers’ Epistemic Curiosity and Commitment. International Journal of Educational Studies and Policy, 6(2), 290-309. https://doi.org/10.63612/ijesp.1707126

Creative Commons License

All content published in the International Journal of Educational Studies and Policy (IJESP) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)